Макроекономічні проблеми інфляції в умовах економічної трансформації

Розглянуто проблему інфляції як фундаментальну проблему для розвитку будь-якої країни. Стверджено, що в економічній науці не існує єдиних підходів щодо суті цього явища, причин появи і наслідків, а також основних напрямів боротьби з інфляцією. Макроекономічний інфляційний вплив на економіку має свою специфіку в умовах формування ринкових відносин країн перехідної економіки (наприклад, України). З застосуванням методології функціонального аналізу, системного підходу та аналогії проаналізовано причини і наслідки інфляції, антиінфляційну політику, яка проводиться в умовах ринкової економіки. Особливу увагу звернено на макроекономічні проблеми інфляції в економіці сучасної України. Зроблено висновки про необхідність проведення виважених як політичних, так і економічних рішень, від яких залежить майбутнє економіки нашої держави.Рассмотрена проблема инфляции как фундаментальную проблему для развития любой страны. Утверждено, что в экономической науке не существует единых подходов к сути этого явления, причин появления и последствий, а также основных направлений борьбы с инфляцией. Макроэкономический инфляционное воздействие на экономику имеет свою специфику в условиях формирования рыночных отношений стран переходной экономики (например, Украина). Применение методологии функционального анализа, системного подхода и аналогии проанализированы анализируются причины и последствия инфляции, антиинфляционную политику, которая проводится в условиях рыночной экономики. Особое внимание обращено на макроэкономические проблемы инфляции в экономике современной Украины. Сделаны выводы о необходимости проведения взвешенных как политических, так и экономических решений, от которых зависит будущее экономики государства.Inflation is a fundamental problem for the development of any country. There are no common approaches to the nature, causes and consequences of this phenomenon and the ways of its reduction in economics. Macroeconomical inflation impact on the economy has its own distinctive aspects in terms of the building of marketing relationships in the countries with transition economy (Ukraine, for example). Using methods of functional analysis, system analysis and analogy method the causes and consequences of inflation as well as antiinflationary policy conducted in a market economy are analyzed in the article. Special attention is paid to macro-economical problems of inflation in the economy of modern Ukraine. The conclusion about the necessity of making the deliberated political and economical decisions that affect the future economy of our country is made

Real-world contexts in statistics components of UK mathematics examinations : aiming forward, walking backwards.

Reasoning with data is pervasive in society; evidence-based policy requires reasoning about complex data; many statistics curricula do not equip students to understand such reasoning. A new mathematics curriculum for upper secondary school (pre-university) students has been taught in England from September 2017, which includes assessment based on large-scale, pre-released data. Here, we critique the specimen examination papers, identifying inappropriate uses of statistics, and a failure to understand the rationale for working with large scale, authentic, data sets. We offer an account of how this poor state of affairs has come about

Immuno-detection of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on a cochlear implant

Abstract : Case presentation: : A 46-year-old man suffering from progressive deafness since childhood received a Clarion 90 K cochlear implant with the HiRes® preformed electrode in his left ear in October 2006. A persistent Staphylococcus aureus infection failed to be treated with corticoids, amoxicillin/ clavulanate, ciprofloxaxin, and rifampin. The processor was removed on July 2007. Interventions: : The removed cochlear implant processor was treated with different reagents, with the aim of detecting a S. aureus and S. aureus biofilm: (1) fluorescein-coupled Fc of anti-human serum, (2) polyclonal anti-polysaccharide intercellular adhesion antibodies coupled to Alexa Fluor 568 goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin (Ig)G, (3) crystal violet, (4) methylene blue, (5) acridine orange, (6) Gram stain, and (7) live/dead fluorescent stain. Results: : S. aureus and the major constituent of the S. aureus biofilm, the polysaccharide intercellular adhesion, were detected on the surface of the implant. S. aureus was isolated after a simple contact between the implant and a solid growth medium. The ability of the isolated S. aureus strain to produce biofilm in vitro was confirmed. Interpretation: : S. aureus biofilm was documented on the implant. Initial bacterial colonization could be related to the pocket of the removable magnet. Colonies of S. aureus without biofilm were found attached to the electrode wire. Conclusion: : We report one case of a S. aureus biofilm infection documented on a cochlear implant, as assessed by immuno-microscopy. The biofilm was likely responsible for the persistent infection which manifested for many months after the implant surgery and could explain the unusual bacterial phenotypic resistance against administered antimicrobial agent

Multiple plasmon resonances in naturally-occurring multiwall nanotubes: infrared spectra of chrysotile asbestos

Chrysotile asbestos is formed by densely packed bundles of multiwall hollow nanotubes. Each wall in the nanotubes is a cylindrically wrapped layer of $Mg_3 Si_2 O_5 (OH)_4$. We show by experiment and theory that the infrared spectrum of chrysotile presents multiple plasmon resonances in the Si-O stretching bands. These collective charge excitations are universal features of the nanotubes that are obtained by cylindrically wrapping an anisotropic material. The multiple plasmons can be observed if the width of the resonances is sufficiently small as in chrysotile.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures. Revtex4 compuscript. Misprint in Eq.(6) correcte

Intensification of the Amazon hydrological cycle over the last two decades

Reproduced with permission of the publisher. Online Open article. © 2013 American Geophysical UnionThe Amazon basin hosts half the planet's remaining moist tropical forests, but they may be threatened in a warming world. Nevertheless, climate model predictions vary from rapid drying to modest wetting. Here we report that the catchment of the world's largest river is experiencing a substantial wetting trend since approximately 1990. This intensification of the hydrological cycle is concentrated overwhelmingly in the wet season driving progressively greater differences in Amazon peak and minimum flows. The onset of the trend coincides with the onset of an upward trend in tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SST). This positive longer-term correlation contrasts with the short-term, negative response of basin-wide precipitation to positive anomalies in tropical North Atlantic SST, which are driven by temporary shifts in the intertropical convergence zone position. We propose that the Amazon precipitation changes since 1990 are instead related to increasing atmospheric water vapor import from the warming tropical Atlantic

Surface Magnetization of Aperiodic Ising Systems: a Comparative Study of the Bond and Site Problems

We investigate the influence of aperiodic perturbations on the critical behaviour at a second order phase transition. The bond and site problems are compared for layered systems and aperiodic sequences generated through substitution. In the bond problem, the interactions between the layers are distributed according to an aperiodic sequence whereas in the site problem, the layers themselves follow the sequence. A relevance-irrelevance criterion introduced by Luck for the bond problem is extended to discuss the site problem. It involves a wandering exponent for pairs, which can be larger than the one considered before in the bond problem. The surface magnetization of the layered two-dimensional Ising model is obtained, in the extreme anisotropic limit, for the period-doubling and Thue-Morse sequences.Comment: 19 pages, Plain TeX, IOP macros + epsf, 6 postscript figures, minor correction

Approach for the Improvement of Energy Performance of a Stock of Buildings

This paper summarizes the work performed by CSTB, ADEME and the Ministry of equipment in France to improve the energy performance of the ministry stock of buildings: 7 millions square meters, 10 000 buildings, wide range of different buildings of different sizes and uses. The project has four major phases: analysis of existing tools for energy performance evaluation, identification of the endusers of the tools and definition of a building typology, development of tools adapted to the endusers, validation and improvement of the tools. Since the building managers' motivation is an important factor to improve the energy performance of the buildings, the study has tried to incorporate the endusers needs and constraints in the different phases of tools development

First principles theory of inelastic currents in a scanning tunneling microscope

A first principles theory of inelastic tunneling between a model probe tip and an atom adsorbed on a surface is presented, extending the elastic tunneling theory of Tersoff and Hamann. The inelastic current is proportional to the change in the local density of states at the center of the tip due to the addition of the adsorbate. We use the theory to investigate the vibrational heating of an adsorbate below an STM tip. We calculate the desorption rate of H from Si(100)-H(2$\times$1) as function of the sample bias and tunnel current, and find excellent agreement with recent experimental data.Comment: 5 pages, RevTeX, epsf file

Validation of EpiTRAQ, a transition readiness assessment tool for adolescents and young adults with epilepsy

ObjectiveTo design and validate a transition readiness assessment tool for adolescents and young adults with epilepsy and without intellectual disability.MethodsWe adapted a general transition readiness assessment tool (TRAQ) to add epilepsy‐relevant items based on concepts in current epilepsy quality measures. The adapted tool, EpiTRAQ, maintained the original structure and scoring system. Concurrent with clinical implementation in pediatric and adult epilepsy clinics at an academic medical center, we assessed the validity and reliability of this adapted tool for patients 16‐26 years of age. This process included initial validation with 302 patients who completed EpiTRAQ between October 2017 and May 2018; repeat validation with 381 patients who completed EpiTRAQ between June 2018 and September 2019; and retest reliability among 153 patients with more than one completed EpiTRAQ.ResultsMean scores were comparable between initial and repeat validation populations (absolute value differences between 0.05 and 0.1); internal consistency ranged from good to high. For both the initial and repeat validation, mean scores and internal consistency demonstrated high comparability to the original TRAQ validation results. Upon retest, few patients rated themselves with a lower score, while the majority rated themselves with higher scores.SignificanceEpiTRAQ is a valid and reliable tool for assessing transition readiness in adolescents and young adults with epilepsy and without intellectual disability.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162789/2/epi412427_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/162789/1/epi412427.pd

Multiexcitons confined within a sub-excitonic volume: Spectroscopic and dynamical signatures of neutral and charged biexcitons in ultrasmall semiconductor nanocrystals

The use of ultrafast gating techniques allows us to resolve both spectrally and temporally the emission from short-lived neutral and negatively charged biexcitons in ultrasmall (sub-10 nm) CdSe nanocrystals (nanocrystal quantum dots). Because of forced overlap of electronic wave functions and reduced dielectric screening, these states are characterized by giant interaction energies of tens (neutral biexcitons) to hundreds (charged biexcitons) of meV. Both types of biexcitons show extremely short lifetimes (from sub-100 picoseconds to sub-picosecond time scales) that rapidly shorten with decreasing nanocrystal size. These ultrafast relaxation dynamics are explained in terms of highly efficient nonradiative Auger recombination.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.