Structural Refinement for the Modal nu-Calculus

We introduce a new notion of structural refinement, a sound abstraction of logical implication, for the modal nu-calculus. Using new translations between the modal nu-calculus and disjunctive modal transition systems, we show that these two specification formalisms are structurally equivalent. Using our translations, we also transfer the structural operations of composition and quotient from disjunctive modal transition systems to the modal nu-calculus. This shows that the modal nu-calculus supports composition and decomposition of specifications.Comment: Accepted at ICTAC 201

The Development of Transport in the Czech Republic

Before 1989, transport in the former Czechoslovakia met its tasks based on the controlling principles of planned economy, focused eastwards and oriented on cooperation between the Eastern Bloc countries within COMECOM. Due to the preference for raw material extraction and heavy industry, the transport sector dealt mainly with transporting commodities of these branches with high demands in volume. The planned economic principles were also reflected by the consistent division of transport work with a preference for stack substrate transport by rail. The change of the political and economic circumstances in November 1989 influenced the life and needs of society substantially. A market economy has come, focused on the market of developed European countries and having an impact on the transport sector as such, individual transport systems, transport preferences and transported commodities [2]. As at 1 January 1993, Czechoslovakia has been divided into two independent countries, i.e. the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Therefore the following data from the Transport Statistics of the Czech Republic [1] are comparable starting from 1994. The authors of the article had data available until 2006

On Refinements of Boolean and Parametric Modal Transition Systems

We consider the extensions of modal transition systems (MTS), namely Boolean MTS and parametric MTS and we investigate the refinement problems over both classes. Firstly, we reduce the problem of modal refinement over both classes to a problem solvable by a QBF solver and provide experimental results showing our technique scales well. Secondly, we extend the algorithm for thorough refinement of MTS providing better complexity then via reductions to previously studied problems. Finally, we investigate the relationship between modal and thorough refinement on the two classes and show how the thorough refinement can be approximated by the modal refinement

Hennessy-Milner Logic with Greatest Fixed Points as a Complete Behavioural Specification Theory

There are two fundamentally different approaches to specifying and verifying properties of systems. The logical approach makes use of specifications given as formulae of temporal or modal logics and relies on efficient model checking algorithms; the behavioural approach exploits various equivalence or refinement checking methods, provided the specifications are given in the same formalism as implementations. In this paper we provide translations between the logical formalism of Hennessy-Milner logic with greatest fixed points and the behavioural formalism of disjunctive modal transition systems. We also introduce a new operation of quotient for the above equivalent formalisms, which is adjoint to structural composition and allows synthesis of missing specifications from partial implementations. This is a substantial generalisation of the quotient for deterministic modal transition systems defined in earlier papers

Fitting the grain orientation distribution of a polycrystalline material conditioned on a Laguerre tessellation

The description of distributions related to grain microstructure helps physicists to understand the processes in materials and their properties. This paper presents a general statistical methodology for the analysis of crystallographic orientations of grains in a 3D Laguerre tessellation dataset which represents the microstructure of a polycrystalline material. We introduce complex stochastic models which may substitute expensive laboratory experiments: conditional on the Laguerre tessellation, we suggest interaction models for the distribution of cubic crystal lattice orientations, where the interaction is between pairs of orientations for neighbouring grains in the tessellation. We discuss parameter estimation and model comparison methods based on maximum pseudolikelihood as well as graphical procedures for model checking using simulations. Our methodology is applied for analysing a dataset representing a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy

Dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking due to strong Yukawa interactions

We present a new mechanism for electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB) based on a strong Yukawa dynamics. We consider an SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y gauge invariant model endowed with the usual Standard model fermion multiplets and with two massive scalar doublets. We show that, unlike in the Standard model, EWSB is possible even with vanishing vacuum expectation values of the scalars. Such EWSB is achieved dynamically by means of the (presumably strong) Yukawa couplings and manifests itself by the emergence of fermion and gauge boson masses and scalar mass-splittings, which are expressed in a closed form in terms of the fermion and scalar proper self-energies. The `would-be' Nambu--Goldstone bosons are shown to be composites of both the fermions and the scalars. We demonstrate that the simplest version of the model is compatible with basic experimental constraints.Comment: 6 pages, REVTeX4, 3 eps figures; discussion of compatibility with EW precision data added; version published in J. Phys.

Compositionality for Quantitative Specifications

We provide a framework for compositional and iterative design and verification of systems with quantitative information, such as rewards, time or energy. It is based on disjunctive modal transition systems where we allow actions to bear various types of quantitative information. Throughout the design process the actions can be further refined and the information made more precise. We show how to compute the results of standard operations on the systems, including the quotient (residual), which has not been previously considered for quantitative non-deterministic systems. Our quantitative framework has close connections to the modal nu-calculus and is compositional with respect to general notions of distances between systems and the standard operations

An excess Ra-226 chronology for deep-sea sediments from Saanich Inlet, British Columbia

To further explore the efficacy of 226Ra(excess) dating for deep-sea sediments, previously dated varve sediments from Saanich Inlet were investigated. Ages obtained using 226Ra(excess) are comparable to the varve ages in the upper 20-25 m of the sedimentary record, but radiometric ages for those sediments older than c. 4000 yr BP are significant underestimates. This results from major changes in sedimentation within Saanich Inlet around 4000 yr BP linked to rising sea levels, with younger sediments characterised by a higher biogenic contribution resulting from the establishment of an anoxic fjord environment. The older sediments were deposited in a shallow water inlet characterised by variable Ra mass balance and non-radiogenic losses. Therefore, while 226Ra(excess) can produce reliable dates, its application may be limited where the relative significance of authigenic and allogenic input and bottom water anoxia have been variable and where closed-system behaviour is compromised

Inverse dynamics approximation for controlling mechanisms with flexible elements

GA20-21893S - Mechatronic Tensegrities for energy efficient light robot

Vacuum ambulance for transporting accessible patient

The paramedic uses his / her potential, i.e. knowledge, experience, and abilities. They must also be able to handle medical equipment and medical devices, know how to use the forms of control and care. A person infected with a highly dangerous disease. A situation can happen. Even in Europe. How to solve patient transport, how to protect his health and how to protect others from infection - all this is dealt with by a special ambulance car, which was developed in Zlín, where the University of Zlín also cooperated. The ambulance is an integral part of the Integrated Rescue System in the event of an emergency with a high-risk infection. For example, it may be MERS, SARS or Ebola. Performance of activities concerning maintenance, care and, in particular, control of medical devices, the priority of the medical rescue service is the actual performance of the activity of the emergency medical service. Every paramedic should have an accurate idea of how to treat, care and care for a particular medical device and take care of him. The ambulance is used by health care professionals to transport patients with a risk of infection when transferred to their destination. Ambulances run emergency medical services, hospitals, the International Red Cross and many other health organizations. Special features are military or fire-fighting ambulances, special hygiene products indirectly accessible, ambulatory rooms from the driver's cab. The crew arrives at their destination where the test practitioner wears a full-body protective suit and other aids such as glasses or gloves. The transport must start according to hygienic requirements. After the transfer of a sick patient, the medical ambulance must go through disinfection. Rescuers accept the strictest hygiene regulations: they can use disposable protective equipment or two-stage respiratory protection. Crews consistently use the barrier approach, using gloves that are deployed in three layers. Protective suits, so-called overalls, loose disposable. Rescuers use respirators with an ABEK1 or higher filter and paper and carbon filtering. The rescue airways are thus protected in two stages, namely a mechanical filter that captures particles and a chemical filter. They had glasses to protect their eyes, and they also started using face shields. Upon arrival at the base, decontamination is in progress, mechanical cleaning, application of disinfectant solutions and course ozone disinfection of the room. The ambulance is disinfected after every transported patient. Rescuers are also undergoing thorough cleaning to dispose of disposable protective equipment such as bio-waste. At the exit base, ambulances that run with an infectious ambulance have their entrance and their premises, including sanitary facilities, to prevent contact with other employees. Nowadays, when people are traveling at a crossroads when from one continent, people are transferred to another continent by plane in a few hours and the infection is spreading, it is necessary to prepare and use special ambulances to transport patients with the infection. © 2020 ACM.This research was based on the support of the Internal Grant Agency of Tomas Bata University in Zlín, the IGA / FAI / 2020/003 project and the Department of Security Engineering, Faculty of Applied Informatics