Adopción homoparental en Ecuador: derecho de igualdad y no discriminación e interés superior del niño

The article analyzes from a constitutional perspective the restriction of access to adoption in homoparental families in Ecuadorian legislation. The objective is to illustrate the incidence of this restriction on the constitutional right of children and adolescents to have a family, and how this provision is discriminatory with respect to same-sex couples. Theoretical and jurisprudential sources are examined on the types of families and the rights that their recognition implies. The results of the study indicate that this normative provision not only constitutes a violation of the right to equality and non-discrimination for homoparental families, but also affects the principle of the best interests of the child. As novel conclusions, the need torecognize and regulate adoption in homoparental families is proposed, and the criteria to be observed to regulate this type of adoption in Ecuador are also exposed.El artículo analiza, desde una perspectiva constitucional, la restricción del acceso a la adopciónen familias homoparentales en la legislación ecuatoriana. El objetivo es ilustrar la incidencia de esta restricción en el derecho constitucional de los niños, niñas y adolescentes a tener una familia, y cómo esta disposición resulta discriminatoria con respecto a las parejas del mismo sexo. Se examinan fuentes teóricas y jurisprudenciales sobre los tipos de familias y los derechos que implica su reconocimiento. En los resultados del estudio se indica que esta disposición normativa no solo constituye una vulneración al derecho de igualdad y no discriminación para las familias homoparentales, sino que también afecta el principio de interés superior del niño. Como conclusiones novedosas se plantea la necesidad de reconocer y regular la adopción en familias homoparentales, exponiendo criterios básicos a tener en observancia para regular este tipo de adopción en el Ecuador

Contenido esencial de los derechos fundamentales: fundamentación teórica y criterios de razonabilidad en el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano

El presente estudio valora las diferentes teorías que abordan el contenido esencial de los derechos fundamentales. Se analiza desde una perspectiva constitucional, esencialmente, visto como una garantía que opera frente al legislador. La investigación realiza un análisis de derecho comparado examinando jurisprudencia de países como España, Perú, Colombia, para finalmente, concatenar el desarrollo de estas proposiciones en el Ecuador.  El objetivo fundamental se centra en abordar de manera crítica el desarrollo jurisprudencial ecuatoriano en cuanto a la determinación del núcleo duro, como también se le conoce a esta parte inquebrantable de los derechos, y propone la aplicación de nuevos criterios de razonabilidad para establecer su contenido y alcance. Se implementa el método cualitativo de investigación científica, esencialmente en lo referente a la recolección de información sobre aspectos relacionados con los enfoques teóricos que giran entorno a la determinación de esta zona infranqueable de los derechos fundamentales. Finalmente con el artículo se concluye que la principal dificultad que se presenta en el ordenamiento jurídico constitucional ecuatoriano es precisamente el hecho de que no se instituye una jerarquización de los derechos, es decir que, es realmente perentorio para el Ecuador  desarrollar desde el punto de vista normativo estándares claros que permitan a los jueces que esta teoría del contenido esencial sea una herramienta valiosa al momento de emitir sus juicios de valor; teniendo en observancia elementos fundamentales como  lo es la naturaleza jurídica, el bien protegido, su finalidad y su ejercicio funcional, a ello se suma la propuesta de la aplicación de criterios de razonabilidad para optimizar dicha valoración sobre todo cuando existen derecho fundamentales en contradicción

Hydrodynamic Analysis on a Photocatalytic Reactor Using ANSYS Fluent^®

Solar technology includes a wide variety of developments in environmental applications that include photovoltaic cells and photocatalytic devices, among others. Sunlight usage as a clean energy source is highly desirable in technology applications. The main interest of this proposal is to carry on with hydrodynamic analysis in photocatalytic reactors applications where sunlight is used to activate a chemical reaction to degrade water pollutants and calculations are based in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) using ANSYS®. The different steps, geometric domain, preprocessing steps, setup, and postprocessing steps, are described to display an analysis of a numerical calculation during the design of a photocatalytic reactor using the commercial software ANSYS Fluent®. This work may help as a guide for chemical reactor design and includes a numerical solution of one case for a photocatalytic reactor during its design process. In addition, simplifications are explained which enable the designer to make an efficient process of the numerical calculation. Calculations and analysis are carried over in ANSYS Fluent® a powerful multi-physics program suite to develop photocatalytic reactors

The era of reference genomes in conservation genomics

Progress in genome sequencing now enables the large-scale generation of reference genomes. Various international initiatives aim to generate reference genomes representing global biodiversity. These genomes provide unique insights into genomic diversity and architecture, thereby enabling comprehensive analyses of population and functional genomics, and are expected to revolutionize conservation genomics

The era of reference genomes in conservation genomics

Progress in genome sequencing now enables the large-scale generation of reference genomes. Various international initiatives aim to generate reference genomes representing global biodiversity. These genomes provide unique insights into genomic diversity and architecture, thereby enabling comprehensive analyses of population and functional genomics, and are expected to revolutionize conservation genomics

The era of reference genomes in conservation genomics

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The era of reference genomes in conservation genomics

Progress in genome sequencing now enables the large-scale generation of reference genomes. Various international initiatives aim to generate reference genomes representing global biodiversity. These genomes provide unique insights into genomic diversity and architecture, thereby enabling comprehensive analyses of population and functional genomics, and are expected to revolutionize conservation genomics

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

How genomics can help biodiversity conservation

The availability of public genomic resources can greatly assist biodiversity assessment, conservation, and restoration efforts by providing evidence for scientifically informed management decisions. Here we survey the main approaches and applications in biodiversity and conservation genomics, considering practical factors, such as cost, time, prerequisite skills, and current shortcomings of applications. Most approaches perform best in combination with reference genomes from the target species or closely related species. We review case studies to illustrate how reference genomes can facilitate biodiversity research and conservation across the tree of life. We conclude that the time is ripe to view reference genomes as fundamental resources and to integrate their use as a best practice in conservation genomics.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The European Reference Genome Atlas: piloting a decentralised approach to equitable biodiversity genomics.

ABSTRACT: A global genome database of all of Earth’s species diversity could be a treasure trove of scientific discoveries. However, regardless of the major advances in genome sequencing technologies, only a tiny fraction of species have genomic information available. To contribute to a more complete planetary genomic database, scientists and institutions across the world have united under the Earth BioGenome Project (EBP), which plans to sequence and assemble high-quality reference genomes for all ∼1.5 million recognized eukaryotic species through a stepwise phased approach. As the initiative transitions into Phase II, where 150,000 species are to be sequenced in just four years, worldwide participation in the project will be fundamental to success. As the European node of the EBP, the European Reference Genome Atlas (ERGA) seeks to implement a new decentralised, accessible, equitable and inclusive model for producing high-quality reference genomes, which will inform EBP as it scales. To embark on this mission, ERGA launched a Pilot Project to establish a network across Europe to develop and test the first infrastructure of its kind for the coordinated and distributed reference genome production on 98 European eukaryotic species from sample providers across 33 European countries. Here we outline the process and challenges faced during the development of a pilot infrastructure for the production of reference genome resources, and explore the effectiveness of this approach in terms of high-quality reference genome production, considering also equity and inclusion. The outcomes and lessons learned during this pilot provide a solid foundation for ERGA while offering key learnings to other transnational and national genomic resource projects.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio