Numerical simulation system for parallel computing

Abstract. Mathematic modeling is used in many field

«ВАВИЛОН ЖИВ. ВАВИЛОН БУДЕТ ЖИТЬ» (К 130-ЛЕТИЮ СО ДНЯ РОЖДЕНИЯ АКАДЕМИКА Н.И. ВАВИЛОВА)

The N.I. Vavilov’s contribution into national and world’s science including plant systematic, plant genetics and breeding, plant immunity and introduction was described in the article. His scientific elaborations on distribution of plant species and varieties on the earth and in regions and centers of origin of cultivated plants, where they intensively formed themselves were given in the article. The scientific significance and practical use of plant genetic resources and ways for their mobilization were regarded in the paper. The further development of Vavilov’s ideas is a tribute of gratitude to rich heritage having been preserved for descendants. Описан вклад Н.И. Вавилова в развитие отечественной и мировой науки, включая систематику, генетику, селекцию, иммунитет и интродукцию. Приведены научные разработки ученого о распределении сортовых и видовых ресурсов на земном шаре и районах (центрах) интенсивного их формообразования. Показана значимость растительных ресурсов мира и пути их мобилизации с целью практического использования. Дальнейшее развитие идей Н.И. Вавилова – дань благодарности за богатое наследие, оставленное потомкам.

The results of treatment of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis by gel containing zero-valent silver

The article presents the results of complex treatment of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis by methylcellulose-based gel with arabinogalactan biocomposite containing zero-valent silver in nano-valent condition. The gel was applied 3-6 times a day at the prescription of Diquertin 0,06 g 3 times a day and Fibrolar 0,3g 3 times a day. The proposed method of treatment allows to improve the effectiveness of treatment by increasing remission and reducing treatment terms

Проксимальная спинальная мышечная атрофия 5q в Республике Северная Осетия – Алания: популяционно-генетические особенности, проблемы диагностики и перспективы лечения

This study presents the structure and population data of spinal muscular atrophy 5q in the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania. The number of newborns for the period 2000–2020 was 195 954, and the prevalence of spinal muscular atrophy 5q among newborns was 1:24 494, or 4.08 per 100.000. That corresponds to data on other populations of the Russian Federation and the world. We also describe intermediate results of the clinical efficacy of treatment of three spinal muscular atrophy 5q patients. Gene replacement therapy was used in two cases and combined pathogenetic and gene replacement therapy was used in the third case. No clinically significant decrease in the CHOP INTEND score from the baseline level was found in any patient during follow‑up. Clinical improvement was noted both during treatment with nusinersen and after administration of onasemnogene abeparvovec. Described clinical cases demonstrate the importance of early diagnosis and initiation of antisense oligonucleotide and/or gene replacement therapy, which is possible only when spinal muscular atrophy 5q is included in the neonatal screening program.Представлен анализ структуры спинальной мышечной атрофии 5q в Республике Северная Осетия – Алания, описаны молекулярно‑генетические и популяционные характеристики данной патологии в регионе. Число новорожденных за период 2000–2020 гг. составило 195 954 ребенка, распространенность спинальной мышечной атрофии 5q составила 1:24 494, или 4,08 на 100 тыс. новорожденных, что несколько ниже, чем в других популяциях РФ и мира. Приводятся примеры промежуточной оценки эффективности лечения 3 пациентов. В 2 случаях применялась генозаместительная терапия, а в 3‑м – комбинированная патогенетическая и генозаместительная терапия. Ни у одного пациента при наблюдении в динамике не было зарегистрировано клинически значимого уменьшения оценки по шкале CHOP INTEND относительно исходного уровня. Положительный терапевтический эффект отмечен как на фоне лечения нусинерсеном, так и после введения онасемноген абепарвовека. Приведенные клинические наблюдения демонстрируют необходимость раннего выявления и начала лечения антисмысловыми олигонуклеотидами и/или генозаместительной терапии, что возможно только при включении спинальной мышечной атрофии 5q в программу неонатального скрининга

Influence of cratonic lithosphere on the formation and evolution of flat slabs : insights from 3-D time-dependent modeling.

Several mechanisms have been suggested for the formation of flat slabs including buoyant features on the subducting plate, trenchward motion and thermal or cratonic structure of the overriding plate. Analysis of episodes of flat subduction indicate that not all flat slabs can be attributed to only one of these mechanisms and it is likely that multiple mechanisms work together to create the necessary conditions for flat slab subduction. In this study we examine the role of localized regions of cratonic lithosphere in the overriding plate in the formation and evolution of flat slabs. We explicitly build on previous models, by using time-dependent simulations with three-dimensional variation in overriding plate structure. We find that there are two modes of flat subduction: permanent underplating occurs when the slab is more buoyant (shorter or younger), while transient flattening occurs when there is more negative buoyancy (longer or older slabs). Our models show how regions of the slab adjacent to the subcratonic flat portion continue to pull the slab into the mantle leading to highly contorted slab shapes with apparent slab gaps beneath the craton. These results show how the interpretation of seismic images of subduction zones can be complicated by the occurrence of either permanent or transient flattening of the slab, and how the signature of a recent flat slab episode may persist as the slab resumes normal subduction. Our models suggest that permanent underplating of slabs may preferentially occur below thick and cold lithosphere providing a built-in mechanism for regeneration of cratons

Bottom-Water Conditions in a Marine Basin after the Cretaceous–Paleogene Impact Event: Timing the Recovery of Oxygen Levels and Productivity

An ultra-high-resolution analysis of major and trace element contents from the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary interval in the Caravaca section, southeast Spain, reveals a quick recovery of depositional conditions after the impact event. Enrichment/depletion profiles of redox sensitive elements indicate significant geochemical anomalies just within the boundary ejecta layer, supporting an instantaneous recovery –some 102 years– of pre-impact conditions in terms of oxygenation. Geochemical redox proxies point to oxygen levels comparable to those at the end of the Cretaceous shortly after impact, which is further evidenced by the contemporary macrobenthic colonization of opportunistic tracemakers. Recovery of the oxygen conditions was therefore several orders shorter than traditional proposals (104–105 years), suggesting a probable rapid recovery of deep-sea ecosystems at bottom and in intermediate waters.This research was supported by Projects CGL2009-07603, CGL2008-03007, CGL2012-33281 and CGL2012-32659 (Secretaría de Estado de I+D+I, Spain), Projects RNM-3715 and RNM 05212, and Research Groups RNM-178 and 0179 (Junta de Andalucía)

The TREAT-NMD DMD Global Database: analysis of more than 7,000 Duchenne muscular dystrophy mutations.

Analyzing the type and frequency of patient-specific mutations that give rise to Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an invaluable tool for diagnostics, basic scientific research, trial planning, and improved clinical care. Locus-specific databases allow for the collection, organization, storage, and analysis of genetic variants of disease. Here, we describe the development and analysis of the TREAT-NMD DMD Global database (http://umd.be/TREAT_DMD/). We analyzed genetic data for 7,149 DMD mutations held within the database. A total of 5,682 large mutations were observed (80% of total mutations), of which 4,894 (86%) were deletions (1 exon or larger) and 784 (14%) were duplications (1 exon or larger). There were 1,445 small mutations (smaller than 1 exon, 20% of all mutations), of which 358 (25%) were small deletions and 132 (9%) small insertions and 199 (14%) affected the splice sites. Point mutations totalled 756 (52% of small mutations) with 726 (50%) nonsense mutations and 30 (2%) missense mutations. Finally, 22 (0.3%) mid-intronic mutations were observed. In addition, mutations were identified within the database that would potentially benefit from novel genetic therapies for DMD including stop codon read-through therapies (10% of total mutations) and exon skipping therapy (80% of deletions and 55% of total mutations)