Genomic Evolution of Two Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Strains from ST-2 Clones Isolated in 2000 and 2010 (ST-2_clon_2000 and ST-2_clon_2010)

Acinetobacter baumannii is a successful nosocomial pathogen due to its ability to persist in hospital environments by acquiring mobile elements such as transposons, plasmids, and phages. In this study, we compared two genomes of A. baumannii clinical strains isolated in 2000 (ST-2_clon_2000) and 2010 (ST-2_clon_2010) from GenBank project PRJNA308422

Análisis De La Competencia Transversal De Educación Financiera Durante La Formación Del Estudiante En Ciencias De La Educación De La UJAT

The pandemic caused by COVID-19 modified all the traditionally operative schemes applicable to the various human groups, in turn, exacerbated social problems that range from economic precariousness, unemployment, maladjustment, rejection of educational approaches in virtuality, even the high competitiveness in labor markets, which have revealed the notable digital and economic gaps that various theorists had previously pointed out. Undoubtedly, the economic component has been decisive for the level of participation and presence in virtuality by university students, as analyzed with a sample of 100 students of Education Sciences of the UJAT, since it is through this one that accesses technological devices and internet connections, so necessary for the virtual presence. Therefore, the research work called "analysis of the transversal competence of financial education during the student's training in educational sciences at UJAT", allowed to know the main factors of influence on financial education and the impact on training. integral of students of Sciences of the Education of the UJAT. Under a quantitative design, with a descriptive study and the survey as an instrument.La pandemia provocada por el COVID-19 modificó todos los esquemas tradicionalmente operantes y aplicables a los diversos grupos humanos, a su vez, agudizó problemas sociales que van desde la precariedad económica, el desempleo, la inadaptabilidad, el rechazo por los enfoques de educación en virtualidad, hasta la alta competitividad en los mercados laborales, que han dejado ver las notables brechas digitales y económicas que diversos teóricos habían señalado anteriormente. Sin dudas, el componente económico ha sido determinante para el nivel de participación y presencia en la virtualidad por parte de los estudiantes universitarios, tal como se analizó con una muestra de 100 alumnos de Ciencias de la Educación de la UJAT, pues es a través de éste que se acceden a dispositivos tecnológicos y conexiones de internet, tan necesarios para la presencia virtual. Por lo anterior, el trabajo de investigación denominado "análisis de la competencia transversal de educación financiera durante la formación del estudiante en ciencias de la educación de la UJAT", permitió conocer los principales factores de influencia sobre la educación financiera y el impacto en la formación integral de estudiantes de Ciencias de la Educación de la UJAT. Bajo un diseño cuantitativo, con estudio descriptivo y la encuesta como instrumento

An Augmented Reality Facility to Run Hybrid Physical-Numerical Flood Models

[Abstract] This article presents a novel installation for the development of hybrid physical-numerical flood models in an augmented reality environment. This installation extends the concept introduced by the well-known Augmented Reality-SandBox (AR-Sandbox) module, which presents a more educational, and less research-based and professional application. It consists of a physical scale topography built in a sandbox into which other elements (such as buildings, roads or dikes) can be incorporated. A scanner generates, in real time, a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) from the sandbox topography, which serves as a basis for the simulation of overland flow using professional hydraulic software (Iber+). The hydraulic and hydrological parameters (surface roughness, inlet discharges, boundary conditions) are entered with a simple Graphical User Interface (GUI) developed specifically for this project, as indeed was the entire system that allows the visualization of the simulation results. This allows us to obtain quantitative results of flood extension and magnitude, which are represented directly over the physical topography, yielding a realistic visual effect. This installation is conceived for both educational and professional uses. An example of its use is presented, through which its accuracy can be appreciated, and which also illustrates its potential.Xunta de Galicia; ED431E2018/1

Long COVID a New Derivative in the Chaos of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The Emergent Pandemic?

[EN] Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a multisystem illness caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which can manifest with a multitude of symptoms in the setting of end-organ damage, though it is predominantly respiratory. However, various symptoms may remain after acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, and this condition is referred to as “Long COVID” (LC). Patients with LC may develop multi-organ symptom complex that remains 4–12 weeks after the acute phase of illness, with symptoms intermittently persisting over time. The main symptoms are fatigue, post-exertional malaise, cognitive dysfunction, and limitation of functional capacity. Pediatric patients developed the main symptoms of LC like those described in adults, although there may be variable presentations of LC in children. The underlying mechanisms of LC are not clearly known, although they may involve pathophysiological changes generated by virus persistence, immunological alterations secondary to virus–host interaction, tissue damage of inflammatory origin and hyperactivation of coagulation. Risk factors for developing LC would be female sex, more than five early symptoms, early dyspnea, previous psychiatric disorders, and alterations in immunological, inflammatory and coagulation parameters. There is currently no specific treatment for LC, but it could include pharmacological treatments to treat symptoms, supplements to restore nutritional, metabolic, and gut flora balance, and functional treatments for the most disabling symptoms. In summary, this study aims to show the scientific community the current knowledge of LCSICall for expressions of interest for the funding of research projects on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 disease by the FONDO-COVID19 n° 07.04.467804.74011.0 within the framework of Royal Decree Law 8/2020 of 17 March on extraordinary urgent measures to deal with the economic and social impact of COVID-19. Financed by the FEDER and the Junta of Castilla-Leon, Spai

Respuesta funcional de Phytoseiulus persimilis sobre Oligonychus punicae (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae) en hojas de aguacate

Functional response of Phytoseiulus persimilis (Athias-Henriot, 1957) at different densities and developmental stages of the mite of Oligonychus punicae (Hirst, 1926) under laboratory conditions was evaluated. Results show no predation in the egg state, whereas for the other stages, the predator exhibited a type II functional response. Average consumption of P. persimilis over O. punicae was 23.4 and 14.67 for larvae and nymphs respectively at a density of 64 prey offered, while the maximum average consumption in adult females of O. punicae was 6.07 adults at a density of 16 female adults offered. The results of predation obtained, concluded that P. persimilis can be used as a biocontrol agentSe evaluó la respuesta funcional de Phytoseiulus persimilis (Athias-Henriot, 1957) sobre diferentes densidades y estados de desarrollo del ácaro del aguacate Oligonychus punicae (Hirst, 1926) bajo condiciones de laboratorio. Los resultados muestran nula depredación en el estado de huevo, mientras que para el resto de los estados, el depredador exhibió una respuesta funcional tipo II. El máximo consumo de P. persimilis sobre O. punicae fue en promedio de 23.4 y 14.67 para larvas y ninfas respectivamente a una densidad de 64 presas ofrecidas, mientras que el máximo promedio de consumo en hembras adultas de O. punicae fue de 6.07 adultos a una densidad de 16 adultos hembra ofrecidos. Los resultados de la depredación muestran que P. persimilis puede ser utilizado como un agente de control biológico

KIR+ CD8+ T Lymphocytes in Cancer Immunosurveillance and Patient Survival: Gene Expression Profiling

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are molecules expressed by the most important cells of the immune system for cancer immune vigilance, natural killer (NK) and effector T cells. In this manuscript we study the role that cytotoxic CD8+ T cells expressing KIR receptors could play in cancer immune surveillance. With this objective, frequencies of different KIR+ CD8+ T cell subsets are correlated with the overall survival of patients with melanoma, ovarian and bladder carcinomas. In addition, the gene expression profile of KIR+ CD8+ T cell subsets related to the survival of patients is studied with the aim of discovering new therapeutic targets, so that the outcome of patients with cancer can be improved. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are expressed by natural killer (NK) and effector T cells. Although KIR+ T cells accumulate in oncologic patients, their role in cancer immune response remains elusive. This study explored the role of KIR+CD8+ T cells in cancer immunosurveillance by analyzing their frequency at diagnosis in the blood of 249 patients (80 melanomas, 80 bladder cancers, and 89 ovarian cancers), their relationship with overall survival (OS) of patients, and their gene expression profiles. KIR2DL1+ CD8+ T cells expanded in the presence of HLA-C2-ligands in patients who survived, but it did not in patients who died. In contrast, presence of HLA-C1-ligands was associated with dose-dependent expansions of KIR2DL2/S2+ CD8+ T cells and with shorter OS. KIR interactions with their specific ligands profoundly impacted CD8+ T cell expression profiles, involving multiple signaling pathways, effector functions, the secretome, and consequently, the cellular microenvironment, which could impact their cancer immunosurveillance capacities. KIR2DL1/S1+ CD8+ T cells showed a gene expression signature related to efficient tumor immunosurveillance, whereas KIR2DL2/L3/S2+CD8+ T cells showed transcriptomic profiles related to suppressive anti-tumor responses. These results could be the basis for the discovery of new therapeutic targets so that the outcome of patients with cancer can be improved

Chemical composition and in vitro degradations of pods and leaves of legumes trees of Mexican dry tropic

Las vainas y las hojas de leguminosas arbóreas se usan como suplemento alimenticio para disminuir las deficiencias de nitrógeno que presentan los pastos en el trópico seco. El objetivo fue caracterizar la composición química y las degradaciones in vitro de las vainas de Leucaena leucocephala, Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Samanea saman, Acacia cochliacantha, Guazuma ulmifolia y las hojas de L. leucocephala y G. ulmifolia. Se determinó el contenido de materia seca, proteína cruda (PC), cenizas, fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), ácidos grasos volátiles, concentración de bacterias totales, degradación de materia seca (DEGMS) y degradación de fibra detergente neutro (DEGFDN). El análisis estadístico fue un diseño completamente al azar. La vaina de E. cyclocarpum (19.50 %), la vaina (19.83 %) y la hoja (21.57 %) de L. leucocephala tuvieron los mayores contenidos de PC. La vaina de E. cyclocarpum presentó 28.38 % de FDN. La hoja de L. leucocephala (24.22 %) y las vainas de S. saman (25.06 %) y E. cyclocarpum (20.40 %) presentaron los menores contenidos de FDA (P<0.05). Las vainas de E. cyclocarpum (73.06 y 38.68 %) y S. saman (66.01 y 35.86 %) cuantificaron las mayores (P<0.05) DEGMS y DEGFDN. Por tanto, las vainas de E. cyclocarpum y S. saman son una alternativa viable para la alimentación de rumiantes en el trópico seco dadas sus características químicas y fermentativas.Pods and leaves of legumes trees are used as feed supplements, these are used to diminish the deficiency of nitrogen present in pastures in the dry tropic. The objective was to characterize the chemical composition and the in vitro degradations of pods of Leucaena leucocephala, Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Samanea saman, Acacia cochliacantha, Guazuma ulmifolia and leaves of L. leucocephala and G. ulmifolia. Dry matter, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), dry matter degradation (DMDEG), neutral detergent fiber degradation (NDFDEG), volatile fatty acids, ashes and total concentration of bacteria, were determined. The experimental design was completely randomized. The pod of E. cyclocarpum (19.50 %), the pods (19.83 %) and leaves (21.57 %) of L. Leucocephala had the highest content of CP. The E. cyclocarpum pod presented 28.38 % of NDF. The leaf of L. leucocephala (24.22 %) and the pods of S. saman (25.06 %) and E. cyclocarpum (20.40 %) had the lowest contents of ADF (P<0.05). E. cyclocarpum (73.06 and 38.68 %) and S. saman (66.01 and 35.86 %) pods quantified the highest DMDEG and NDFDEG (P<0.05). Therefore, the pods of E. cyclocarpum and S. saman are a viable alternative for feeding ruminants in the dry tropic given their chemical and fermentative characteristics

Neuroprotective role of PKD1 against ischemic and kainic acid-induced brain injury

Trabajo presentado en el Second Spanish Molecular Imaging Network (SMIN) Meeting, celebrado en Madrid (España) el 26 de febrero de 2018

Excitotoxic inactivation of constitutive oxidative stress detoxification pathway in neurons can be rescued by PKD1

Excitotoxicity, a critical process in neurodegeneration, induces oxidative stress and neuronal death through mechanisms largely unknown. Since oxidative stress activates protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in tumor cells, we investigated the effect of excitotoxicity on neuronal PKD1 activity. Unexpectedly, we find that excitotoxicity provokes an early inactivation of PKD1 through a dephosphorylation-dependent mechanism mediated by protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) and dual specificity phosphatase-1 (DUSP1). This step turns off the IKK/NF-kappa B/SOD2 antioxidant pathway. Neuronal PKD1 inactivation by pharmacological inhibition or lentiviral silencing in vitro, or by genetic inactivation in neurons in vivo, strongly enhances excitotoxic neuronal death. In contrast, expression of an active dephosphorylation-resistant PKD1 mutant potentiates the IKK/NF-kappa B/SOD2 oxidative stress detoxification pathway and confers neuroprotection from in vitro and in vivo excitotoxicity. Our results indicate that PKD1 inactivation underlies excitotoxicity-induced neuronal death and suggest that PKD1 inactivation may be critical for the accumulation of oxidation-induced neuronal damage during aging and in neurodegenerative disorders

Uso de disacáridos y carbón activado para preservar consorcios de bacterias ruminales celulolíticas liofilizadas

Objective. To determine in vitro fermentation of cellulolytic ruminal bacterial consortia (CBC) preserved by lyophilization using activated carbon, maltose and lactose as preservatives. Materials and methods. A CBC was isolated from the ruminal fluid of a female water buffalo in selective cellulolytic media. The CBC were lyophilized without preservative (SP), activated carbon (CA), lactose (LA) o maltose (MA) as preservatives. The experimental design was completely random to measure biogas at different time intervals; as well as completely random with 4x3 factorial arrangement, factors were preservative [SP, CA, LA and MA] and fermentation time (24, 48 and 72 h) for pH, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), dry matter degradation (DMD), neutral detergent fiber degradation (NDFD), enzymatic activity cellulases and total bacteria population. Results. LA produced higher accumulated biogas at 72 h and partial biogas after 12 h (p≤0.05). SP did not show differences (p&gt;0.05) in cellulases, total bacteria population, DMD and NDFD in the fermentation times evaluated with the rest of the preservative. Conclusions. The production of partial and accumulated biogas, the increase in the degradation rate of 8.3 and 91.1% in the DMD and NDFD from 24 to 72 h (p≤0.05) in the LA preservative, show that lactose can be used as a preservative of ruminal cellulolytic bacteria.Objetivo. Determinar la fermentación in vitro de consorcios bacterianos ruminales celulolíticos (CBC) conservados por liofilización usando carbón activado, maltosa y lactosa como preservadores. Materiales y métodos. Un CBC se aisló de fluido ruminal de una búfala de agua en medios selectivos celulolíticos. Los CBC se liofilizaron con carbón activado (CA), lactosa (LA) o maltosa (MA) como preservadores y sin preservador (SP). El diseño experimental fue completamente al azar para medir biogás a diferentes intervalos de tiempo; así como, un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 4x3, los factores fueron preservadores (SP, CA, LA y MA) y tiempo de fermentación (24, 48 y 72 h) para pH, nitrógeno amoniacal (N-NH3), degradación de materia seca (DMS) y de fibra detergente neutro (DFDN), actividad enzimática celulasas y la población de bacterias totales. Resultados. LA produjo mayor biogás acumulado a las 72 h y parcial a partir de las 12 h (p≤0.05). SP no mostró diferencias (p&gt;0.05) en celulasas, conteo de bacterias total, DMS y DFDN en los tiempos de fermentación evaluados con el resto de los preservadores. Conclusiones. La producción de biogás parcial y acumulada, el aumento en la tasa de degradación de 8.3 y 91.1 % en la DMS y DFDN de las 24 a 72 h (p≤0.05) con el preservador LA, muestran que la lactosa puede usarse como preservador de bacterias celulolíticas ruminales