8 research outputs found
Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017
- Author
- Abbasalizad-Farhangi Mahdieh
- Abbasi Masoumeh
- Abd El Razek Hassan Magdy
- Abd El Razek Muhammed Magdy
- Abd-Allah Foad
- Abdoli Amir
- Abdollahi Mohammad
- Abdollahpour Ibrahim
- Abdulkader Rizwan Suliankatchi
- Abrigo Michael R. M.
- Acharya Dilaram
- Adebayo Oladimeji M.
- Adekanmbi Victor
- Adham Davoud
- Afshari Mahdi
- Aghaali Mohammad
- Ahmadi Keivan
- Ahmadi Mehdi
- Ahmadpour Ehsan
- Ahmed Rushdia
- Akal Chalachew Genet
- Akinyemi Joshua O.
- Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M.
- Alahdab Fares
- Alam Noore
- Alamene Genet Melak
- Alene Kefyalew Addis
- Alijanzadeh Mehran
- Alinia Cyrus
- Alipour Vahid
- Aljunid Syed Mohamed
- Almalki Mohammed J.
- Altirkawi Khalid
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Amegah Adeladza Kofi
- Amini Saeed
- Amit Arianna Maever Loreche
- Anbari Zohreh
- Androudi Sofia
- Anjomshoa Mina
- Ansari Fereshteh
- Antonio Carl Abelardo T.
- Arabloo Jalal
- Arefi Zohreh
- Aremu Olatunde
- Armoon Bahram
- Arora Amit
- Artaman Al
- Asadi Anvar
- Asadi-Aliabadi Mehran
- Ashraf-Ganjouei Amir
- Assadi Reza
- Ataeinia Bahar
- Atre Sachin R.
- Ayanore Martin Amogre
- Azari Samad
- Babaee Ebrahim
- Babazadeh Arefeh
- Badawi Alaa
- Bagheri Soghra
- Bagherzadeh Mojtaba
- Baheiraei Nafiseh
- Balalami Nader Jafari
- Balouchi Abbas
- Barac Aleksandra
- Bassat Quique
- Baune Bernhard T.
- Bayati Mohsen
- Bedi Neeraj
- Beghi Ettore
- Behzadifar Masoud
- Behzadifar Meysam
- Belay Yared Belete
- Bell Brent
- Bell Michelle L.
- Berbada Dessalegn Ajema
- Bernstein Robert S.
- Bhattacharjee Natalia V.
- Bhattarai Suraj
- Bhutta Zulfiqar A.
- Bijani Ali
- Bin Zaman Sojib
- Bohlouli Somayeh
- Breitborde Nicholas J. K.
- Britton Gabrielle
- Browne Annie J.
- Burstein Roy
- Busse Reinhard
- Butt Zahid A.
- Car Josip
- Castañeda-Orjuela Carlos A.
- Cerin Ester
- Chanie Wagaye Fentahun
- Chatterjee Pranab
- Chu Dinh-Toi
- Collison Michael L.
- Cooper Cyrus
- Costa Vera M.
- Cárdenas Rosario
- Dalal Koustuv
- Dandona Lalit
- Dandona Rakhi
- Daoud Farah
- Darwesh Aso Mohammad
- Daryani Ahmad
- Das Gupta Rajat
- Davis Weaver Nicole
- Davis Ian
- Davitoiu Dragos Virgil
- De Neve Jan-Walter
- Demeke Feleke Mekonnen
- Demoz Gebre Teklemariam
- Deribe Kebede
- Desai Rupak
- Deshpande Aniruddha
- Desyibelew Hanna Demelash
- Dey Sagnik
- Dharmaratne Samath Dhamminda
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Diaz Daniel
- Doshmangir Leila
- Duraes Andre R.
- Dwyer-Lindgren Laura
- Earl Lucas
- Ebrahimi Roya
- Ebrahimpour Soheil
- Effiong Andem
- Eftekhari Aziz
- Ehsani-Chimeh Elham
- El Sayed Zaki Maysaa
- El Sayed Iman
- El Tantawi Maha
- El-Khatib Ziad
- Emamian Mohammad Hassan
- Enany Shymaa
- Eskandarieh Sharareh
- Eyawo Oghenowede
- Ezalarab Maha
- Faramarzi Mahbobeh
- Fareed Mohammad
- Faridnia Roghiyeh
- Faro Andre
- Fazaeli Ali Akbar
- Fazlzadeh Mehdi
- Fentahun Netsanet
- Fereshtehnejad Seyed-Mohammad
- Fernandes João C.
- Filip Irina
- Fischer Florian
- Foigt Nataliya A.
- Foroutan Masoud
- Francis Joel Msafiri
- Fukumoto Takeshi
- Fullman Nancy
- Gallus Silvano
- Gebre Destallem Gebremedhin
- Gebrehiwot Tsegaye Tewelde
- Gebremeskel Gebreamlak Gebremedhn
- Gessner Bradford D.
- Geta Birhanu
- Gething Peter W.
- Ghadimi Reza
- Ghadiri Keyghobad
- Ghajarzadeh Mahsa
- Ghashghaee Ahmad
- Gill Paramjit
- Gill Tiffany K.
- Golding Nick
- Gomes Nelson G. M.
- Gona Philimon N.
- Gopalani Sameer Vali
- Gorini Giuseppe
- Goulart Bárbara Niegia Garcia
- Graetz Nicholas
- Greaves Felix
- Green Manfred S.
- Guo Yuming
- Haj-Mirzaian Arvin
- Haj-Mirzaian Arya
- Hall Brian James
- Hamidi Samer
- Haririan Hamidreza
- Haro Josep Maria
- Hasankhani Milad
- Hasanpoor Edris
- Hasanzadeh Amir
- Hassankhani Hadi
- Hassen Hamid Yimam
- Hay Simon I.
- Hegazy Mohamed I.
- Hendrie Delia
- Henry Nathaniel J.
- Heydarpour Fatemeh
- Hird Thomas R.
- Hoang Chi Linh
- Hollerich Gillian
- Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi Mojtaba
- Hossain Naznin
- Hosseini Mostafa
- Hosseinzadeh Mehdi
- Hostiuc Mihaela
- Hostiuc Sorin
- Househ Mowafa
- Hsairi Mohamed
- Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen
- Imani-Nasab Mohammad Hasan
- Iqbal Usman
- Irvani Seyed Sina Naghibi
- Islam Nazrul
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Jalali Amir
- Javidnia Javad
- Jayatilleke Achala Upendra
- Jenabi Ensiyeh
- Ji John S.
- Jobanputra Yash B.
- Johnson Kimberly
- Jonas Jost B.
- Jose Bruno Piassi Sao
- Jozwiak Jacek Jerzy
- Jürisson Mikk
- Kabir Ali
- Kahsay Amaha
- Kalani Hamed
- Kalhor Rohollah
- Karami Manoochehr
- Karki Surendra
- Kasaeian Amir
- Kassebaum Nicholas J.
- Keiyoro Peter Njenga
- Kemp Grant Rodgers
- Khabiri Roghayeh
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khafaie Morteza Abdullatif
- Khan Ejaz Ahmad
- Khan Junaid
- Khan Muhammad Shahzeb
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khatab Khaled
- Khater Amir
- Khater Mona M.
- Khatony Alireza
- Khazaei Mohammad
- Khazaei Salman
- Khazaei-Pool Maryam
- Khubchandani Jagdish
- Kianipour Neda
- Kim Yun Jin
- Kimokoti Ruth W.
- Kinyoki Damaris K.
- Kisa Adnan
- Kisa Sezer
- Kolola Tufa
- Kosen Soewarta
- Koul Parvaiz A.
- Koyanagi Ai
- Kraemer Moritz U. G.
- Krishan Kewal
- Krohn Kris J.
- Kugbey Nuworza
- Kumar G. Anil
- Kumar Manasi
- Kumar Pushpendra
- Kuupiel Desmond
- Lacey Ben
- Lad Sheetal D.
- Lami Faris Hasan
- Larsson Anders O.
- Lebni Javad Yoosefi
- Lee Paul H.
- Leili Mostafa
- Levine Aubrey J.
- Li Shanshan
- Lim Lee-Ling
- Listl Stefan
- Longbottom Joshua
- Lopez Jaifred Christian F.
- Lorkowski Stefan
- Magdeldin Sameh
- Majeed Azeem
- Maleki Afshin
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malta Deborah Carvalho
- Mamun Abdullah A.
- Manafi Navid
- Manda Ana-Laura
- Mansourian Morteza
- Marczak Laurie B.
- Marquez Neal
- Martins-Melo Francisco Rogerlândio
- Masaka Anthony
- Massenburg Benjamin Ballard
- Maulik Pallab K.
- Mayala Benjamin K.
- Mazidi Mohsen
- McKee Martin
- Mehrotra Ravi
- Mehta Kala M.
- Meles Gebrekiros Gebremichael
- Mendoza Walter
- Menezes Ritesh G.
- Meretoja Atte
- Meretoja Tuomo J.
- Mestrovic Tomislav
- Mezerji Naser Mohammad Gholi
- Miller Ted R.
- Miller-Petrie Molly K.
- Mills Edward J.
- Milne George J.
- Mini G. K.
- Mir Seyed Mostafa
- Mirjalali Hamed
- Mirrakhimov Erkin M.
- Moghadam Telma Zahirian
- Mohamadi Efat
- Mohammad Dara K.
- Mohammed Ammas Siraj
- Mohammed Shafiu
- Mokdad Ali H.
- Molokhia Mariam
- Monasta Lorenzo
- Moodley Yoshan
- Moosazadeh Mahmood
- Moradi Ghobad
- Moradi Masoud
- Moradi Yousef
- Moradi-Lakeh Maziar
- Moradinazar Mehdi
- Moraga Paula
- Morawska Lidia
- Mosapour Abbas
- Motlagh Soraya Nouraei
- Mousavi Seyyed Meysam
- Mueller Ulrich Otto
- Muluneh Atalay Goshu
- Murray Christopher J. L.
- Mustafa Ghulam
- Nabavizadeh Behnam
- Naderi Mehdi
- Nagaraja Sharath Burugina
- Nagarajan Ahamarshan Jayaraman
- Nahvijou Azin
- Najafi Farid
- Nangia Vinay
- Ndwandwe Duduzile Edith
- Neamati Nahid
- Negoi Ionut
- Negoi Ruxandra Irina
- Ngunjiri Josephine W.
- Nguyen Long Hoang
- Nguyen Son Hoang
- Nielsen Katie R.
- Ningrum Dina Nur Anggraini
- Nirayo Yirga Legesse
- Nixon Molly R.
- Nnaji Chukwudi A.
- Nojomi Marzieh
- Noroozi Mehdi
- Nosratnejad Shirin
- Noubiap Jean Jacques
- Ofori-Asenso Richard
- Ogbo Felix Akpojene
- Oladimeji Kelechi E.
- Olagunju Andrew T.
- Olfatifar Meysam
- Olum Solomon
- Olusanya Bolajoko Olubukunola
- Oluwasanu Mojisola Morenike
- Onwujekwe Obinna E.
- Oren Eyal
- Ortega-Altamirano Doris D. V.
- Ortiz Alberto
- Osarenotor Osayomwanbo
- Osei Frank B.
- Osgood-Zimmerman Aaron E.
- Otstavnov Stanislav S.
- Owolabi Mayowa Ojo
- P. A. Mahesh
- Pagheh Abdol Sattar
- Pakhale Smita
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Pandey Animika
- Park Eun-Kee
- Parsian Hadi
- Pashaei Tahereh
- Patel Sangram Kishor
- Pepito Veincent Christian Filipino
- Pereira Alexandre
- Perkins Samantha
- Pickering Brandon V.
- Pilgrim Thomas
- Pirestani Majid
- Piroozi Bakhtiar
- Pirsaheb Meghdad
- Plana-Ripoll Oleguer
- Pourjafar Hadi
- Puri Parul
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Quintana Hedley
- Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina Ayala
- Rabiee Mohammad
- Rabiee Navid
- Rad Enayatollah Homaie
- Radfar Amir
- Rafiei Alireza
- Rahim Fakher
- Rahimi Zohreh
- Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa
- Rahimzadeh Shadi
- Rajati Fatemeh
- Raju Sree Bhushan
- Ramezankhani Azra
- Ranabhat Chhabi Lal
- Rasella Davide
- Rashedi Vahid
- Rawal Lal
- Reiner Jr Robert C.
- Renzaho Andre M. N.
- Rezaei Satar
- Rezapour Aziz
- Riahi Seyed Mohammad
- Ribeiro Ana Isabel
- Roever Leonardo
- Roro Elias Merdassa
- Roser Max
- Roshandel Gholamreza
- Roshani Daem
- Rostami Ali
- Rubagotti Enrico
- Rubino Salvatore
- Sabour Siamak
- Sadat Nafis
- Sadeghi Ehsan
- Saeedi Reza
- Safari Yahya
- Safari-Faramani Roya
- Safdarian Mahdi
- Sahebkar Amirhossein
- Salahshoor Mohammad Reza
- Salam Nasir
- Salamati Payman
- Salehi Farkhonde
- Salimi Yahya
- Salimzadeh Hamideh
- Salomon Joshua A.
- Sambala Evanson Zondani
- Samy Abdallah M.
- Santric Milicevic Milena M.
- Saraswathy Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer
- Sarmiento-Suarez Rodrigo
- Sartorius Benn
- Sathian Brijesh
- Saxena Sonia
- Sbarra Alyssa N.
- Schaeffer Lauren E.
- Schwebel David C.
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Seyedmousavi Seyedmojtaba
- Shaahmadi Faramarz
- Shaikh Masood Ali
- Shams-Beyranvand Mehran
- Shamshirian Amir
- Shamsizadeh Morteza
- Sharafi Kiomars
- Sharif Mehdi
- Sharif-Alhoseini Mahdi
- Sharifi Hamid
- Sharma Jayendra
- Sharma Rajesh
- Sheikh Aziz
- Shields Chloe
- Shigematsu Mika
- Shiri Rahman
- Shiue Ivy
- Shushtari Zahra Jorjoran
- Shuval Kerem
- Siddiqi Tariq J.
- Silva João Pedro
- Singh Jasvinder A.
- Sinha Dhirendra Narain
- Sisay Malede Mequanent
- Sisay Solomon
- Sligar Amber
- Sliwa Karen
- Smith David L.
- Somayaji Ranjani
- Soofi Moslem
- Soriano Joan B.
- Sreeramareddy Chandrashekhar T.
- Sudaryanto Agus
- Sufiyan Mu’awiyyah Babale
- Sykes Bryan L.
- Sylaja P. N.
- Tabarés-Seisdedos Rafael
- Tabb Karen M.
- Tabuchi Takahiro
- Taveira Nuno
- Temsah Mohamad-Hani
- Terkawi Abdullah Sulieman
- Tessema Zemenu Tadesse
- Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman
- Thi Nguyen Huong Lan
- Thirunavukkarasu Sathish
- To Quyen G.
- Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto
- Tran Bach Xuan
- Tran Khanh Bao
- Ullah Irfan
- Usman Muhammad Shariq
- Uthman Olalekan A.
- Vahedian-Azimi Amir
- Valdez Pascual R.
- van Boven Job F. M.
- Vasankari Tommi Juhani
- Vasseghian Yasser
- Veisani Yousef
- Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy
- Violante Francesco S.
- Vladimirov Sergey Konstantinovitch
- Vlassov Vasily
- Vos Theo
- Vu Giang Thu
- Vujcic Isidora S.
- Waheed Yasir
- Wakefield Jon
- Wang Haidong
- Wang Yafeng
- Wang Yuan-Pang
- Ward Joseph L.
- Watson Stefanie
- Weintraub Robert G.
- Weldegwergs Kidu Gidey
- Weldesamuel Girmay Teklay
- Westerman Ronny
- Wiysonge Charles Shey
- Wondafrash Dawit Zewdu
- Woyczynski Lauren
- Wu Ai-Min
- Xu Gelin
- Yadegar Abbas
- Yamada Tomohide
- Yazdi-Feyzabadi Vahid
- Yilgwan Christopher Sabo
- Yip Paul
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Younis Mustafa Z.
- Yousefifard Mahmoud
- Yousof Hebat-Allah Salah A.
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yusefzadeh Hasan
- Zabeh Erfan
- Zahabi Saleh Salehi
- Zamani Mohammad
- Zandian Hamed
- Zangeneh Alireza
- Zerfu Taddese Alemu
- Zhang Yunquan
- Ziapour Arash
- Zodpey Sanjay
- Publication venue
- Nature Publishing
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
Since 2000, many countries have achieved considerable success in improving child survival, but localized progress remains unclear. To inform efforts towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.2—to end preventable child deaths by 2030—we need consistently estimated data at the subnational level regarding child mortality rates and trends. Here we quantified, for the period 2000–2017, the subnational variation in mortality rates and number of deaths of neonates, infants and children under 5 years of age within 99 low- and middle-income countries using a geostatistical survival model. We estimated that 32% of children under 5 in these countries lived in districts that had attained rates of 25 or fewer child deaths per 1,000 live births by 2017, and that 58% of child deaths between 2000 and 2017 in these countries could have been averted in the absence of geographical inequality. This study enables the identification of high-mortality clusters, patterns of progress and geographical inequalities to inform appropriate investments and implementations that will help to improve the health of all populations
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- Author
- Abbafati Cristiana
- Abbas Jaffar
- Abbasi-Kangevari Mohsen
- Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab
- Abdelmasseh Michael
- Abdulah Deldar Morad
- Abedi Aidin
- Abegaz Kedir Hussein
- Abhilash E. S.
- Aboagye Richard Gyan
- Abolhassani Hassan
- Abrigo Michael R M
- Abu-Gharbieh Eman
- Abubaker Ali Hiwa
- Adem Mohammed Hussien
- Afzal Muhammad Sohail
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmed Rashid Tarik
- Ahmed Haroon
- Aji Budi
- Akbarialiabad Hossein
- Akelew Yibeltal
- Al Hamad Hanadi
- Al-Hanawi Mohammed Khaled
- Al-Raddadi Rajaa M
- Alam Khurshid
- Alanezi Fahad Mashhour
- Alanzi Turki M
- Alhassan Robert Kaba
- Aljunid Syed Mohamed
- Almustanyir Sami
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Alvis-Zakzuk Nelson J
- Amare Azmeraw T
- Ameyaw Edward Kwabena
- Amini-Rarani Mostafa
- Amu Hubert
- Ancuceanu Robert
- Andrei Tudorel
- Anwar Sumadi Lukman
- Appiah Francis
- Aqeel Muhammad
- Arab-Zozani Morteza
- Arabloo Jalal
- Aravkin Aleksandr Y
- Aremu Olatunde
- Aruleba Raphael Taiwo
- Athari Seyyed Shamsadin
- Avila-Burgos Leticia
- Ayanore Martin Amogre
- Azari Samad
- Baig Atif Amin
- Bantie Abere Tilahun
- Barrow Amadou
- Baskaran Pritish
- Basu Sanjay
- Batiha Abdul-Monim Mohammad
- Baune Bernhard T
- Berezvai Zombor
- Bhangdia Kayleigh
- Bhardwaj Nikha
- Bhardwaj Pankaj
- Bhaskar Sonu
- Boachie Micheal Kofi
- Bodolica Virginia
- Botelho João Silva Botelho
- Braithwaite Dejana
- Breitborde Nicholas J K
- Busse Reinhard
- Cahuana-Hurtado Lucero
- Catalá-López Ferrán
- Chansa Collins
- Charan Jaykaran
- Chattu Vijay Kumar
- Chen Simiao
- Chukwu Isaac Sunday
- Cogswell Ian E.
- Dadras Omid
- Dandona Lalit
- Dandona Rakhi
- Dargahi Abdollah
- Debela Sisay Abebe
- Denova-Gutiérrez Edgar
- Desye Belay
- Dharmaratne Samath Dhamminda
- Diao Nancy
- Dieleman Joseph L.
- Doan Linh Phuong
- Dodangeh Milad
- dos Santos Wendel Mombaque
- Doshmangir Leila
- Dube John
- Eini Ebrahim
- El Sayed Zaki Maysaa
- El Tantawi Maha
- Enyew Daniel Berhanie
- Eskandarieh Sharareh
- Ezati Asar Mohamad
- Fagbamigbe Adeniyi Francis
- Faraon Emerito Jose A
- Fatehizadeh Ali
- Fattahi Hamed
- Fekadu Ginenus
- Fischer Florian
- Foigt Nataliya A
- Fowobaje Kayode Raphael
- Freitas Alberto
- Fukumoto Takeshi
- Fullman Nancy
- Gaal Peter Andras
- Gamkrelidze Amiran
- Garcia-Gordillo M. A.
- Gebrehiwot Mesfin
- Gerema Urge
- Ghafourifard Mansour
- Ghamari Seyyed-Hadi
- Ghanbari Reza
- Ghashghaee Ahmad
- Gholamrezanezhad Ali
- Golechha Mahaveer
- Golinelli Davide
- Goshu Yitayal Ayalew
- Goyomsa Girma Garedew
- Guha Avirup
- Gunawardane Damitha Asanga
- Gupta Bhawna
- Hamidi Samer
- Harapan Harapan
- Hashempour Reza
- Hay Simon I
- Hayat Khezar
- Heidari Golnaz
- Heredia-Pi Ileana
- Herteliu Claudiu
- Heyi Demisu Zenbaba
- Hezam Kamal
- Hiraike Yuta
- Hlongwa Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni
- Holla Ramesh
- Hoque Mohammad Enamul
- Hosseinzadeh Mehdi
- Hostiuc Sorin
- Hussain Salman
- Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen
- Immurana Mustapha
- Iradukunda Arnaud
- Ismail Nahlah Elkudssiah
- Isola Gaetano
- J Linda Merin
- Jakovljevic Mihajlo
- Jalili Mahsa
- Janodia Manthan Dilipkumar
- Javaheri Tahereh
- Jayapal Sathish Kumar
- Jemere Digisie Mequanint
- Joo Tamas
- Joseph Nitin
- Jozwiak Jacek Jerzy
- Jürisson Mikk
- Kaambwa Billingsley
- Kadashetti Vidya
- Kadel Rajendra
- Kadir Dler Hussein
- Kalankesh Laleh R
- Kamath Rajesh
- Kandel Himal
- Kantar Rami S
- Karanth Shama D
- Karaye Ibraheem M
- Karimi Salah Eddin
- Kassa Bekalu Getnet
- Kayode Gbenga A
- Keikavoosi-Arani Leila
- Keshri Vikash Ranjan
- Keskin Cumali
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khafaie Morteza Abdullatif
- Khajuria Himanshu
- Khayat Kashani Hamid Reza
- Kifle Zemene Demelash
- Kim Hanna
- Kim Jihee
- Kim Min Seo
- Kim Yun Jin
- Kisa Adnan
- Kohler Stefan
- Kompani Farzad
- Kosen Soewarta
- Koulmane Laxminarayana Sindhura Lakshmi
- Koyanagi Ai
- Krishan Kewal
- Kusuma Dian
- Lamnisos Demetris
- Larsson Anders O
- Lasher Dylan
- Lee Sang-woong
- Lee Shaun Wen Huey
- Lee Wei-Chen
- Lee Yo Han
- Lenzi Jacopo
- Lidral-Porter Brendan
- Lim Lee-Ling
- Lorenzovici László
- Lozano Rafael
- Lám Judit
- Machado Vanessa Sintra Machado
- Madadizadeh Farzan
- Maddison Emilie R.
- Magdy Abd El Razek Mohammed
- Mahmoudi Razzagh
- Majeed Azeem
- Malekpour Mohammad-Reza
- Manda Ana Laura
- Mansouri Borhan
- Mansournia Mohammad Ali
- Mantovani Lorenzo Giovanni
- Marrugo Arnedo Carlos Alberto
- Martorell Miquel
- Masoud Ali
- Mathews Elezebeth
- Maude Richard James
- Mechili Enkeleint A.
- Mehrabi Nasab Entezar
- Mendes José João João Mendes
- Meretoja Atte
- Meretoja Tuomo J.
- Mesregah Mohamed Kamal
- Mestrovic Tomislav
- Micah Angela E.
- Mirica Andreea
- Mirrakhimov Erkin M
- Mirutse Mizan Kiros
- Mirza Moonis
- Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari Mohammad
- Misganaw Awoke
- Moccia Marcello
- Moghadasi Javad
- Mohammadi Esmaeil
- Mohammadi Mokhtar
- Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah
- Mohammadshahi Marita
- Mohammed Shafiu
- Mohseni Mohammad
- Mokdad Ali H
- Monasta Lorenzo
- Mossialos Elias
- Mostafavi Ebrahim
- Mousavi Isfahani Haleh
- Mpundu-Kaambwa Christine
- Murray Christopher J. L.
- Murthy Shruti
- Muthupandian Saravanan
- Nagarajan Ahamarshan Jayaraman
- Naidoo Kovin S.
- Naimzada Mukhammad David
- Nangia Vinay
- Naqvi Atta Abbas
- Nayak Biswa Prakash
- Ndejjo Rawlance
- Nguyen Trang Huyen
- Nguyen Trang Nhu Ngoc
- Noroozi Nafise
- Noubiap Jean Jacques
- Nuruzzaman Khan M.
- Nzoputam Chimezie Igwegbe
- Nzoputam Ogochukwu Janet
- Oancea Bogdan
- Obi Felix Chukwudi Abrahams
- Ogunkoya Abiola
- Oh In-Hwan
- Okonji Osaretin Christabel
- Olagunju Andrew T.
- Olagunju Tinuke O.
- Olakunde Babayemi Oluwaseun
- Omar Bali Ahmed
- Onwujekwe Obinna E.
- Opio John Nelson
- Otoiu Adrian
- Otstavnov Nikita
- Otstavnov Stanislav S.
- Owolabi Mayowa O.
- Palicz Tamás
- Palladino Raffaele
- Pana Adrian
- Parekh Tarang
- Pasupula Deepak Kumar
- Patel Jay
- Patel Nishali
- Patton George C.
- Paudel Uttam
- Paun Mihaela
- Pawar Shrikant
- Pedroza Paola
- Perna Simone
- Perumalsamy Navaraj
- Petcu Ionela-Roxana
- Piracha Zahra Zahid
- Poursadeqiyan Mohsen
- Pourtaheri Naeimeh
- Prada Sergio I.
- Rafiei Sima
- Raghav Pankaja Raghav
- Rahim Fakher
- Rahman Mohammad Hifz Ur
- Rahman Mosiur
- Rahmani Amir Masoud
- Ranabhat Chhabi Lal
- Raru Temam Beshir
- Rashedi Sina
- Rashidi Mohammad-Mahdi
- Ravangard Ramin
- Rawaf Salman
- Rawassizadeh Reza
- Redwan Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed
- Reiner Robert C.
- Renzaho Andre M. N.
- Rezaei Maryam
- Rezaei Nazila
- Riaz Mavra A.
- Rodriguez Jefferson Antonio Buendia
- Saad Aly M. A.
- Saddik Basema
- Sadeghian Saeid
- Saeb Mohammad Reza
- Saeed Umar
- Sahu Maitreyi
- Saki Morteza
- Salamati Payman
- Salari Hedayat
- Salehi Sana
- Samy Abdallah M.
- Sanabria Juan
- Sanmarchi Francesco
- Santos João Vasco
- Santric-Milicevic Milena M
- Sao Jose Bruno Piassi
- Sarikhani Yaser
- Sathian Brijesh
- Satpathy Maheswar
- Savic Miloje
- Sayadi Yaser
- Schwendicke Falk
- Senthilkumaran Subramanian
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Serván-Mori Edson
- Setshegetso Naomi
- Seylani Allen
- Shahabi Saeed
- Shaikh Masood Ali
- Shakhmardanov Murad Ziyaudinovich
- Shanawaz Mohd
- Sharew Mequannent Melaku Sharew
- Sharew Nigussie Tadesse
- Sharma Rajesh
- Shayan Maryam
- Sheikh Aziz
- Shenoy Suchitra M.
- Shetty Adithi
- Shetty Pavanchand H.
- Shivakumar K. M.
- Silva Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues
- Simegn Wudneh
- Singh Jasvinder A.
- Singh Kuldeep
- Skhvitaridze Natia
- Skryabin Valentin Yurievich
- Skryabina Anna Aleksandrovna
- Socea Bogdan
- Solomon Yonatan
- Solorio Juan
- Song Suhang
- Stutzman Hayley
- Suleman Muhammad
- Tabarés-Seisdedos Rafael
- Tat Nathan Y.
- Tat Vivian Y.
- Tefera Belay Negash
- Tichopad Ales
- Tobe-Gai Ruoyan
- Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto
- Tsakalos Golsum
- Tudor Car Lorainne
- Tufa Derara Girma
- Vasankari Tommi Juhani
- Vasic Milena
- Vervoort Dominique
- Vlassov Vasily
- Vo Bay
- Vu Linh Gia
- Waheed Yasir
- Wamai Richard G.
- Wang Cong
- Wang Yifeng
- Warriner Wesley
- Wassie Gizachew Tadesse
- Wickramasinghe Nuwan Darshana
- Yaya Sanni
- Yigit Arzu
- Yiğit Vahit
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Younis Mustafa Z.
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yunusa Ismaeel
- Zaki Leila
- Zaman Burhan Abdullah
- Zangeneh Alireza
- Zare Dehnavi Ali
- Zastrozhin Mikhail Sergeevich
- Zeng Wu
- Zhang Zhi-Jiang
- Zhao Yingxi
- Zlavog Bianca S
- Zuhlke Liesl J.
- Zuniga Yves Miel H
- Ștefan Simona Cătălina
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2023
- Field of study
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of national health systems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), as well as a robust global system for pandemic preparedness. We aimed to provide a comparative assessment of global health spending at the onset of the pandemic; characterise the amount of development assistance for pandemic preparedness and response disbursed in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic; and examine expectations for future health spending and put into context the expected need for investment in pandemic preparedness.
Methods
In this analysis of global health spending between 1990 and 2021, and prediction from 2021 to 2026, we estimated four sources of health spending: development assistance for health (DAH), government spending, out-of-pocket spending, and prepaid private spending across 204 countries and territories. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) to estimate spending. We estimated development assistance for general health, COVID-19 response, and pandemic preparedness and response using a keyword search. Health spending estimates were combined with estimates of resources needed for pandemic prevention and preparedness to analyse future health spending patterns, relative to need.
Findings
In 2019, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, US9⋅2trillion(957·3 trillion (95% UI 7·2–7·4) in 2019; 293·7 times the 24⋅8billion(9543·1 billion in development assistance was provided to maintain or improve health. The pandemic led to an unprecedented increase in development assistance targeted towards health; in 2020 and 2021, 1⋅8billioninDAHcontributionswasprovidedtowardspandemicpreparednessinLMICs,and37·8 billion was provided for the health-related COVID-19 response. Although the support for pandemic preparedness is 12·2% of the recommended target by the High-Level Independent Panel (HLIP), the support provided for the health-related COVID-19 response is 252·2% of the recommended target. Additionally, projected spending estimates suggest that between 2022 and 2026, governments in 17 (95% UI 11–21) of the 137 LMICs will observe an increase in national government health spending equivalent to an addition of 1% of GDP, as recommended by the HLIP.
Interpretation
There was an unprecedented scale-up in DAH in 2020 and 2021. We have a unique opportunity at this time to sustain funding for crucial global health functions, including pandemic preparedness. However, historical patterns of underfunding of pandemic preparedness suggest that deliberate effort must be made to ensure funding is maintained
Universal procedures for spectrophotometric determination of anticoccidial drugs; application to multi-ingredient veterinary formulation and computational investigations for multivariate analysis
- Publication venue
- 'European Journal of Chemistry'
- Publication date
- 31/12/2021
- Field of study
Simple, accurate, and eco-friendly spectrophotometric procedures were proposed and implemented for simultaneous determination of anticoccidial drugs from three different classes namely, amprolium hydrochloride (AMP), sulfaquinoxaline sodium (SQX) and diaveridine hydrochloride (DVD). Dual wavelength in ratio spectra procedure was proposed where the difference in amplitudes (ΔP) in the ratio spectra at 264 nm and 301.9 nm (ΔP264&301.9 nm) corresponded to AMP with mean percentage recovery 100.00±0.923%, while (ΔP250.9&279 nm) and (ΔP218&243.5 nm) corresponded to SQX and DVD with mean percentage recoveries 99.31±1.083 and 100.64±1.219%, respectively. The dual wavelength in ratio spectra procedure was validated according to the ICH guidelines and accuracy, precision and repeatability were found to be within the acceptable limit. Multivariate chemometric approaches, namely, partial least-squares (PLS-2) and principal component regression (PCR) were also proposed with mean percentage recoveries 99.31±0.769, 98.91±1.192 and 99.04±1.245% for AMP, SQX and DVD, respectively, in PLS-2 and 99.63±1.005, 99.11±1.272 and 98.93±1.338% for AMP, SQX and DVD, respectively, in PCR. These procedures were successfully applied to the multi-ingredient veterinary formulation with mean percentage recoveries 100.75±1.238, 99.29±0.875 and 99.34±0.745% for AMP, SQX and DVD, respectively, in dual wavelength in ratio spectra procedure and 101.03±1.261, 101.48±0.984 and 101.10±1.339% for AMP, SQX and DVD, respectively, in PLS-2 and 100.22±1.204, 101.10±0.546 and 100.91±0.677% for AMP, SQX and DVD, respectively, in PCR
Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017
- Author
- Abbasalizad-Farhangi Mahdieh
- Abbasi Masoumeh
- Abd El Razek Hassan Magdy
- Abd El Razek Muhammed Magdy
- Abd-Allah Foad
- Abdoli Amir
- Abdollahi Mohammad
- Abdollahpour Ibrahim
- Abdulkader Rizwan Suliankatchi
- Abrigo Michael R. M.
- Acharya Dilaram
- Adebayo Oladimeji M.
- Adekanmbi Victor
- Adham Davoud
- Afshari Mahdi
- Aghaali Mohammad
- Ahmadi Keivan
- Ahmadi Mehdi
- Ahmadpour Ehsan
- Ahmed Rushdia
- Akal Chalachew Genet
- Akinyemi Joshua O.
- Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M.
- Alahdab Fares
- Alam Noore
- Alamene Genet Melak
- Alene Kefyalew Addis
- Alijanzadeh Mehran
- Alinia Cyrus
- Alipour Vahid
- Aljunid Syed Mohamed
- Almalki Mohammed J.
- Altirkawi Khalid
- Alvis-Guzman Nelson
- Amegah Adeladza Kofi
- Amini Saeed
- Amit Arianna Maever Loreche
- Anbari Zohreh
- Androudi Sofia
- Anjomshoa Mina
- Ansari Fereshteh
- Antonio Carl Abelardo T.
- Arabloo Jalal
- Arefi Zohreh
- Aremu Olatunde
- Armoon Bahram
- Arora Amit
- Artaman Al
- Asadi Anvar
- Asadi-Aliabadi Mehran
- Ashraf-Ganjouei Amir
- Assadi Reza
- Ataeinia Bahar
- Atre Sachin R.
- Ayanore Martin Amogre
- Azari Samad
- Babaee Ebrahim
- Babazadeh Arefeh
- Bach Xuan Tran
- Badawi Alaa
- Bagheri Soghra
- Bagherzadeh Mojtaba
- Baheiraei Nafiseh
- Balalami Nader Jafari
- Balouchi Abbas
- Barac Aleksandra
- Bassat Quique
- Baune Bernhard T.
- Bayati Mohsen
- Bedi Neeraj
- Beghi Ettore
- Behzadifar Masoud
- Behzadifar Meysam
- Belay Yared Belete
- Bell Brent
- Bell Michelle L.
- Berbada Dessalegn Ajema
- Bernstein Robert S.
- Bhattacharjee Natalia V.
- Bhattarai Suraj
- Bhutta Zulfiqar A.
- Bijani Ali
- Bin Zaman Sojib
- Bohlouli Somayeh
- Breitborde Nicholas J. K.
- Britton Gabrielle
- Browne Annie J.
- Burstein Roy
- Busse Reinhard
- Butt Zahid A.
- Car Josip
- Cardenas Rosario
- Castaneda-Orjuela Carlos A.
- Cerin Ester
- Chanie Wagaye Fentahun
- Chatterjee Pranab
- Chu Dinh-Toi
- Collison Michael L.
- Cooper Cyrus
- Costa Vera M.
- Dalal Koustuv
- Dandona Lalit
- Dandona Rakhi
- Daoud Farah
- Darwesh Aso Mohammad
- Daryani Ahmad
- Das Gupta Rajat
- Davis Ian
- Davitoiu Dragos Virgil
- De Neve Jan-Walter
- Demeke Feleke Mekonnen
- Demoz Gebre Teklemariam
- Deribe Kebede
- Desai Rupak
- Deshpande Aniruddha
- Desyibelew Hanna Demelash
- Dey Sagnik
- Dharmaratne Samath Dhamminda
- Dhimal Meghnath
- Diaz Daniel
- Doshmangir Leila
- Duraes Andre R.
- Dwyer-Lindgren Laura
- Earl Lucas
- Ebrahimi Roya
- Ebrahimpour Soheil
- Effiong Andem
- Eftekhari Aziz
- Ehsani-Chimeh Elham
- El Sayed Iman
- El Tantawi Maha
- El-Khatib Ziad
- Emamian Mohammad Hassan
- Enany Shymaa
- Eskandarieh Sharareh
- Eyawo Oghenowede
- Ezalarab Maha
- Faramarzi Mahbobeh
- Fareed Mohammad
- Faridnia Roghiyeh
- Faro Andre
- Fazaeli Ali Akbar
- Fazlzadeh Mehdi
- Fentahun Netsanet
- Fereshtehnejad Seyed-Mohammad
- Fernandes Joao C.
- Filip Irina
- Fischer Florian
- Foigt Nataliya A.
- Foroutan Masoud
- Francis Joel Msafiri
- Fukumoto Takeshi
- Fullman Nancy
- Gallus Silvano
- Gebre Destallem Gebremedhin
- Gebrehiwot Tsegaye Tewelde
- Gebremeskel Gebreamlak Gebremedhn
- Gessner Bradford D.
- Geta Birhanu
- Gething Peter W.
- Ghadimi Reza
- Ghadiri Keyghobad
- Ghajarzadeh Mahsa
- Ghashghaee Ahmad
- Giang Thu Vu
- Gill Paramjit Singh
- Gill Tiffany K.
- Golding Nick
- Gomes Nelson G. M.
- Gona Philimon N.
- Gopalani Sameer Vali
- Gorini Giuseppe
- Goulart Barbara Niegia Garcia
- Graetz Nicholas
- Greaves Felix
- Green Manfred S.
- Guo Yuming
- Haj-Mirzaian Arvin
- Haj-Mirzaian Arya
- Hall Brian James
- Hamidi Samer
- Haririan Hamidreza
- Haro Josep Maria
- Hasankhani Milad
- Hasanpoor Edris
- Hasanzadeh Amir
- Hassankhani Hadi
- Hassen Hamid
- Hay Simon I.
- Hegazy Mohamed I.
- Hendrie Delia
- Henry Nathaniel J.
- Heydarpour Fatemeh
- Hird Thomas R.
- Hoang Chi Linh
- Hollerich Gillian
- Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi Mojtaba
- Hossain Naznin
- Hosseini Mostafa
- Hosseinzadeh Mehdi
- Hostiuc Mihaela
- Hostiuc Sorin
- Househ Mowafa
- Hsairi Mohamed
- Huong Lan Thi Nguyen
- Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen
- Imani-Nasab Mohammad Hasan
- Iqbal Usman
- Irvani Seyed Sina Naghibi
- Islam Nazrul
- Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful
- Jalali Amir
- Javidnia Javad
- Jayatilleke Achala Upendra
- Jenabi Ensiyeh
- Ji John S.
- Jobanputra Yash B.
- Johnson Kimberly
- Jonas Jost B.
- Jozwiak Jacek Jerzy
- Jurisson Mikk
- Kabir Ali
- Kahsay Amaha
- Kalani Hamed
- Kalhor Rohollah
- Karami Manoochehr
- Karki Surendra
- Kasaeian Amir
- Kassebaum Nicholas J.
- Keiyoro Peter Njenga
- Kemp Grant Rodgers
- Khabiri Roghayeh
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khafaie Morteza Abdullatif
- Khan Ejaz Ahmad
- Khan Junaid
- Khan Muhammad Shahzeb
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khanh Bao Tran
- Khatab Khaled
- Khater Amir
- Khater Mona M.
- Khatony Alireza
- Khazaei Mohammad
- Khazaei Salman
- Khazaei-Pool Maryam
- Khubchandani Jagdish
- Kianipour Neda
- Kim Yun Jin
- Kimokoti Ruth W.
- Kinyoki Damaris K.
- Kisa Adnan
- Kisa Sezer
- Kolola Tufa
- Kosen Soewarta
- Koul Parvaiz A.
- Koyanagi Ai
- Kraemer Moritz U. G.
- Krishan Kewal
- Krohn Kris J.
- Kugbey Nuworza
- Kumar G. Anil
- Kumar Manasi
- Kumar Pushpendra
- Kuupiel Desmond
- Lacey Ben
- Lad Sheetal D.
- Lami Faris Hasan
- Larsson Anders O.
- Lebni Javad Yoosefi
- Lee Paul H.
- Leili Mostafa
- Levine Aubrey J.
- Li Shanshan
- Lim Lee-Ling
- Listl Stefan
- Long Hoang Nguyen
- Longbottom Joshua
- Lopez Jaifred Christian F.
- Lorkowski Stefan
- Magdeldin Sameh
- Mahesh P. A.
- Majeed Azeem
- Maleki Afshin
- Malekzadeh Reza
- Malta Deborah Carvalho
- Mamun Abdullah A.
- Manafi Navid
- Manda Ana-Laura
- Mansourian Morteza
- Marczak Laurie B.
- Marquez Neal
- Martins-Melo Francisco Rogerlandio
- Masaka Anthony
- Massenburg Benjamin Ballard
- Maulik Pallab K.
- Mayala Benjamin K.
- Mazidi Mohsen
- Mckee Martin
- Mehrotra Ravi
- Mehta Kala M.
- Meles Gebrekiros Gebremichael
- Mendoza Walter
- Menezes Ritesh G.
- Meretoja Atte
- Meretoja Tuomo J.
- Mestrovic Tomislav
- Mezerji Naser Mohammad Gholi
- Milicevic Milena M. Santric
- Miller Ted R.
- Miller-Petrie Molly K.
- Mills Edward J.
- Milne George J.
- Mini G. K.
- Mir Seyed Mostafa
- Mirjalali Hamed
- Mirrakhimov Erkin M.
- Moghadam Telma Zahirian
- Mohamadi Efat
- Mohammad Dara K.
- Mohammed Ammas Siraj
- Mohammed Shafiu
- Mokdad Ali H.
- Molokhia Mariam
- Monasta Lorenzo
- Moodley Yoshan
- Moosazadeh Mahmood
- Moradi Ghobad
- Moradi Masoud
- Moradi Yousef
- Moradi-Lakeh Maziar
- Moradinazar Mehdi
- Moraga Paula
- Morawska Lidia
- Mosapour Abbas
- Motlagh Soraya Nouraei
- Mousavi Seyyed Meysam
- Mueller Ulrich Otto
- Muluneh Atalay Goshu
- Murray Christopher J. L.
- Mustafa Ghulam
- Nabavizadeh Behnam
- Naderi Mehdi
- Nagaraja Sharath Burugina
- Nagarajan Ahamarshan Jayaraman
- Nahvijou Azin
- Najafi Farid
- Nangia Vinay
- Ndwandwe Duduzile Edith
- Neamati Nahid
- Negoi Ionut
- Negoi Ruxandra Irina
- Ngunjiri Josephine W.
- Nielsen Katie R.
- Ningrum Dina Nur Anggraini
- Nirayo Yirga Legesse
- Nixon Molly R.
- Nnaji Chukwudi A.
- Nojomi Marzieh
- Noroozi Mehdi
- Nosratnejad Shirin
- Noubiap Jean Jacques
- Ofori-Asenso Richard
- Ogbo Felix Akpojene
- Oladimeji Kelechi E.
- Olagunju Andrew T.
- Olfatifar Meysam
- Olum Solomon
- Olusanya Bolajoko Olubukunola
- Oluwasanu Mojisola Morenike
- Onwujekwe Obinna E.
- Oren Eyal
- Ortega-Altamirano Doris D. V.
- Ortiz Alberto
- Osarenotor Osayomwanbo
- Osei Frank B.
- Osgood-Zimmerman Aaron E.
- Otstavnov Stanislav S.
- Owolabi Mayowa Ojo
- Pagheh Abdol Sattar
- Pakhale Smita
- Panda-Jonas Songhomitra
- Pandey Animika
- Park Eun-Kee
- Parsian Hadi
- Pashaei Tahereh
- Patel Sangram Kishor
- Pepito Veincent Christian Filipino
- Pereira Alexandre
- Perkins Samantha
- Pickering Brandon V.
- Pilgrim Thomas
- Pirestani Majid
- Piroozi Bakhtiar
- Pirsaheb Meghdad
- Plana-Ripoll Oleguer
- Pourjafar Hadi
- Puri Parul
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Quintana Hedley
- Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina Ayala
- Rabiee Mohammad
- Rabiee Navid
- Rad Enayatollah Homaie
- Radfar Amir
- Rafiei Alireza
- Rahim Fakher
- Rahimi Zohreh
- Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa
- Rahimzadeh Shadi
- Rajati Fatemeh
- Raju Sree Bhushan
- Ramezankhani Azra
- Ranabhat Chhabi Lal
- Rasella Davide
- Rashedi Vahid
- Rawal Lal
- Reiner Robert C., Jr.
- Renzaho Andre M. N.
- Rezaei Satar
- Rezapour Aziz
- Riahi Seyed Mohammad
- Ribeiro Ana Isabel
- Roever Leonardo
- Roro Elias Merdassa
- Roser Max
- Roshandel Gholamreza
- Roshani Daem
- Rostami Ali
- Rubagotti Enrico
- Rubino Salvatore
- Sabour Siamak
- Sadat Nafis
- Sadeghi Ehsan
- Saeedi Reza
- Safari Yahya
- Safari-Faramani Roya
- Safdarian Mahdi
- Sahebkar Amirhossein
- Salahshoor Mohammad Reza
- Salam Nasir
- Salamati Payman
- Salehi Farkhonde
- Salimi Yahya
- Salimzadeh Hamideh
- Salomon Joshua A.
- Sambala Evanson Zondani
- Samy Abdallah M.
- Sao Jose Bruno Piassi
- Saraswathy Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer
- Sarmiento-Suarez Rodrigo
- Sartorius Benn
- Sathian Brijesh
- Saxena Sonia
- Sbarra Alyssa N.
- Schaeffer Lauren E.
- Schwebel David C.
- Sepanlou Sadaf G.
- Seyedmousavi Seyedmojtaba
- Shaahmadi Faramarz
- Shaikh Masood Ali
- Shams-Beyranvand Mehran
- Shamshirian Amir
- Shamsizadeh Morteza
- Sharafi Kiomars
- Sharif Mehdi
- Sharif-Alhoseini Mahdi
- Sharifi Hamid
- Sharma Jayendra
- Sharma Rajesh
- Sheikh Aziz
- Shields Chloe
- Shigematsu Mika
- Shiri Rahman
- Shiue Ivy
- Shushtari Zahra Jorjoran
- Shuval Kerem
- Siddiqi Tariq J.
- Silva Joao Pedro
- Singh Jasvinder A.
- Sinha Dhirendra Narain
- Sisay Malede Mequanent
- Sisay Solomon
- Sligar Amber
- Sliwa Karen
- Smith David L.
- Somayaji Ranjani
- Son Hoang Nguyen
- Soofi Moslem
- Soriano Joan B.
- Sreeramareddy Chandrashekhar T.
- Sudaryanto Agus
- Sufiyan Mu'awiyyah Babale
- Sykes Bryan L.
- Sylaja P. N.
- Tabares-Seisdedos Rafael
- Tabb Karen M.
- Tabuchi Takahiro
- Taveira Nuno
- Temsah Mohamad-Hani
- Terkawi Abdullah Sulieman
- Tessema Zemenu Tadesse
- Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman
- Thirunavukkarasu Sathish
- To Quyen G.
- Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto
- Ullah Irfan
- Usman Muhammad Shariq
- Uthman Olalekan A.
- Vahedian-Azimi Amir
- Valdez Pascual R.
- van Boven Job F. M.
- Vasankari Tommi Juhani
- Vasseghian Yasser
- Veisani Yousef
- Venketasubramanian Narayanaswamy
- Violante Francesco S.
- Vladimirov Sergey Konstantinovitch
- Vlassov Vasily
- Vos Theo
- Vujcic Isidora S.
- Waheed Yasir
- Wakefield Jon
- Wang Haidong
- Wang Yafeng
- Wang Yuan-Pang
- Ward Joseph L.
- Watson Stefanie
- Weaver Nicole Davis
- Weintraub Robert G.
- Weldegwergs Kidu Gidey
- Weldesamuel Girmay Teklay
- Westerman Ronny
- Wiysonge Charles Shey
- Wondafrash Dawit Zewdu
- Woyczynski Lauren
- Wu Ai-Min
- Xu Gelin
- Yadegar Abbas
- Yamada Tomohide
- Yazdi-Feyzabadi Vahid
- Yilgwan Christopher Sabo
- Yip Paul
- Yonemoto Naohiro
- Younis Mustafa Z.
- Yousefifard Mahmoud
- Yousof Hebat-Allah Salah A.
- Yu Chuanhua
- Yusefzadeh Hasan
- Zabeh Erfan
- Zahabi Saleh Salehi
- Zaki Maysaa El Sayed
- Zamani Mohammad
- Zandian Hamed
- Zangeneh Alireza
- Zerfu Taddese Alemu
- Zhang Yunquan
- Ziapour Arash
- Zodpey Sanjay
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries
- Author
- A Yacoub Mina
- A. Adam Mohammed
- A. Nassar Mahmoud
- A.Nemer Ayoob
- Aahlin Eirik Kjus
- Ab Rahim Mohd Fadliyazid
- Abad Gurumeta Alfredo
- Abad-Motos Ane
- Abang Jamari Dyg Zahratul Hamrak
- Abantanga Francis
- Abarca Sol
- Abazid Eias
- Abbas Abbas
- Abbas Khalid
- Abbas Mohammad Monir
- Abbasy Jibran
- Abbosh Ali
- Abd Karim Muhammad Fairuz Shah
- Abd Wahab Haidar Hadri
- Abd Barook
- Abdalei Abdulwahab
- Abdalla Ahmed Elkamel Ahmed
- Abdallah Aya
- AbdAllah Mostafa Salim Mohamed
- Abdel Malik Abu Baker
- Abdelhady Mousa Heba
- Abdelhady Samar
- Abdelhakim Ahmed
- Abdelkader Muhammad
- Abdelkawy Shaza
- Abdelkhalek Mohamed
- Abdellatif Esraa
- Abdelmaksoud Tawakel Noura
- Abdelmohsen Naglaa
- Abdelmotaleb Ibrahem
- Abdelrazek Aly
- Abdelsalam Israa
- Abdelshakour Mahmoud
- Abdelwahed Ahmed Mohamed
- Abdou Abdulrahman Osama
- Abdou Alrawy
- Abdou Hossam
- Abdul Aziz Mohamed Rezal
- Abdul Aziz Nora
- Abdulgawad Almogy Mariam
- Abdulla Mazin A.
- Abdullah Muhammad Tariq
- Abdullahi Lawal
- Abdullayev Seymur
- Abed Saeed
- Abelló David
- Abiola Olajide
- Abo mahadi Asmaa'
- Abo-khammash Areej
- Abou Chaar Mohamad K.
- Abou El.soud Moustafa Ramadan
- Abouelsoad Nervana
- Abraham Joyner
- Abreu da Silva Alberto
- Abu Ahammala Ayman B.
- Abu Al Amrain Mahmoud
- Abu Al-saleem Hasan
- Abu Alamrain Abdulwhhab
- Abu Alqumboz Amjad
- Abu Ataya Ahmed
- Abu hallalah Muad fathi khalleefah
- Abu Jamie Najlaa
- Abu Jayyab Israa
- Abu shua'ib Rana
- Abu Zainah Baraa
- Abu-Nimeh Samar
- Abu-Rous Mohammed R.
- Abu-srour Abrar
- Abuelhatal Hasan
- Abuelqomboz Ayham
- Abuhilal Baseel
- Abuhlaiga Ma'aly
- Abujamra Saleh
- Abukhalaf Sadi A.
- Abusalem Lana
- AbuSirrees Mahmoud
- Acevedo Veronica
- Acharya Rajgopal
- Achkasov Sergey
- Acosta Eric
- Adamo Karin
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- Dogruoz Alper
- Doherty Ronan J
- Dollie Qaasim
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- Dominguez Joaquina
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- Ghonaim Mennatullah
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- Ye Geoffrey
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- Zabiyaka Mikhail
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- Zafar Syed Nabeel
- Zaffaroni Gloria
- Zahra Baryab
- Zahran Diaaaldin
- Zakaria Andee Dzulkarnaen
- Zakaria Mai
- Zakaria Omar
- Zakaria Zaidi
- Zambrana Campos Vanesa
- Zammit Matthew
- Zanini Nicola
- Zara Vlu Jean
- Zara Vlu Jean
- Zarti Heba
- Zarzycki Piotr
- Zattoni Davide
- Zavala Gabriela
- Zawahrah Hassan
- Zeiton Asaid
- Zeko Amanda
- Zeng Zhi
- Zeromskas Paulius
- Zhang Geoffrey
- Zhivkov Evgeni
- Zid Esraa
- Zidan Ahmed Mohy
- Zielasek Christian
- Zilinskas Justas
- Zimmermann Bernd
- Ziprin Paul
- Zizzo Maurizio
- Zografos George
- Zoikas Athanasios
- Zorrilla Matilla Laura Patricia
- Zoulamoglou Menelaos
- Zreeg Dafer
- Zub-Pokrowiecka Anna
- Zubiaurre Vanessa
- Zuhdy Mohammed
- Zuikyte Diana
- Zuloaga Fernandez del Valle Carlos Jose
- Zulu Stanley
- Ângelo Miguel
- Älgå Andreas
- Çolak Elif
- Ümarik Toomas
- Šatkauskas Mindaugas
- Škimelyte Monika
- Šlenfuktas Vygintas
- Šuman Oliver
- Žatecký Jan
- Žumbakys Žygimantas
- Župan Domagoj
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 30/01/2021
- Field of study
© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit
Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study
- Author
- A Yacoub Mina
- A. Adam Mohammed
- A. Nassar Mahmoud
- A.Nemer Ayoob
- Aahlin Eirik Kjus
- Ab Rahim Mohd Fadliyazid
- Abad Gurumeta Alfredo
- Abad-Motos Ane
- Abang Jamari Dyg Zahratul Hamrak
- Abantanga Francis
- Abarca Sol
- Abazid Eias
- Abbas Abbas
- Abbas Khalid
- Abbas Mohammad Monir
- Abbasy Jibran
- Abbosh Ali
- Abd Karim Muhammad Fairuz Shah
- Abd Wahab Haidar Hadri
- Abd Barook
- Abdalei Abdulwahab
- Abdalla Ahmed Elkamel Ahmed
- Abdallah Aya
- AbdAllah Mostafa Salim Mohamed
- Abdel Malik Abu Baker
- Abdelhady Mousa Heba
- Abdelhady Samar
- Abdelhakim Ahmed
- Abdelkader Muhammad
- Abdelkawy Shaza
- Abdelkhalek Mohamed
- Abdellatif Esraa
- Abdelmaksoud Tawakel Noura
- Abdelmohsen Naglaa
- Abdelmotaleb Ibrahem
- Abdelrazek Aly
- Abdelsalam Israa
- Abdelshakour Mahmoud
- Abdelwahed Ahmed Mohamed
- Abdou Abdulrahman Osama
- Abdou Alrawy
- Abdou Hossam
- Abdul Aziz Mohamed Rezal
- Abdul Aziz Nora
- Abdulgawad Almogy Mariam
- Abdulla Mazin A.
- Abdullah Muhammad Tariq
- Abdullahi Lawal
- Abdullayev Seymur
- Abed Saeed
- Abelló David
- Abiola Olajide
- Abo mahadi Asmaa'
- Abo-khammash Areej
- Abou Chaar Mohamad K.
- Abou El.soud Moustafa Ramadan
- Abouelsoad Nervana
- Abraham Joyner
- Abreu da Silva Alberto
- Abu Ahammala Ayman B.
- Abu Al Amrain Mahmoud
- Abu Al-saleem Hasan
- Abu Alamrain Abdulwhhab
- Abu Alqumboz Amjad
- Abu Ataya Ahmed
- Abu hallalah Muad fathi khalleefah
- Abu Jamie Najlaa
- Abu Jayyab Israa
- Abu shua'ib Rana
- Abu Zainah Baraa
- Abu-Nimeh Samar
- Abu-Rous Mohammed R.
- Abu-srour Abrar
- Abuelhatal Hasan
- Abuelqomboz Ayham
- Abuhilal Baseel
- Abuhlaiga Ma'aly
- Abujamra Saleh
- Abukhalaf Sadi A.
- Abusalem Lana
- AbuSirrees Mahmoud
- Acevedo Veronica
- Acharya Rajgopal
- Achkasov Sergey
- Acosta Eric
- Adamo Karin
- Adamou Harissou
- Adams Jamie
- Adams Lawrence
- Adawi Samer
- Adebanjo Ademola
- Adel Marina
- Adel Sawsan
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji
- Ademuyiwa Adesoji O
- Adenuga Adedire
- Aderounmu Adewale
- Adesanya Opeoluwa
- Adesina Alaba
- Adesunkanmi Abdul-Rashid
- Adeyeye Ademola
- Adidharma Peter
- Adisa Adewale
- Adisa Adewale O
- Adnan Nour
- Afifi Amr Abdelghani
- Afifi Eman
- Afolayan Michael Olatunji
- Afzal Asma
- Agarwal Arnav
- Agarwal Raksheeth
- Agbakwuru Augustine
- Agbeko Anita Eseenam
- Aguilar Martinez Maria Del Mar
- Aguilera Maria Lorena
- Aguilera-Arevalo Maria-Lorena
- Ahlqvist Sandra
- Ahmad Izzuddin Ahmad Imran
- Ahmad Kasim
- Ahmad Sarwat
- Ahmed Ahmedgaber
- Ahmed Hazem Abdelkarem
- Ahmed Mariam
- Ahmed Nabila
- Ahmed Zahra
- Ainoa Eppu
- Aithie Joanna M S
- Ajani Costanza
- Ajao Akinlabi
- Ajiboye Anthony
- Ajmera Ankit
- Akande Oluwatosin
- Akaydin Elif
- Akbaba Ata Cem
- Akbar Sana Amir
- Akeel Nouf
- Akeem Aderogba Adeleke
- Akin Alp
- Akinkuolie Akinbolaji
- Akisheva Aygulya
- Akitikori Mabel Temisanren
- Akrida Ioanna
- Aktas Melik Kagan
- Al basos Iyad
- Al Farsi Maryam
- Al Nassrallah Majdi
- Al Sagheir Eman
- Al Saqqa Sara
- Al Saqqa Sara
- Al-Allaf Omar
- Al-Busaidi Ibrahim S.
- Al-Dhufri Ali
- Al-Himyari Hamza S.
- Al-Masri Mahmoud
- Al-Najjar Hani
- Al-Sabbagh Yusra
- Al-Shwaikh Samar
- Al-Slaibi Ibrahim
- Al-Taher Raed
- Al-Tammam Hiba
- Alabuzidi Aya
- Alagha Othman
- Alammarin Mohammad
- Alapatt John
- Alasttal Mohammed
- Alatise Olusegun Isaac
- Albaggar Marwa
- Albahnasawi Moath A.
- Albati Naif
- Alberga Anna
- Alberts Justin
- AlBsoul Ahmad
- Albsoul Nader
- Alcorta Rodrigo
- Alejandre Villalobos Cristina
- Alemdağ Gökçe nur
- Alexander Philip
- Alfarra Nada
- Alfitory Asma
- Alhabil Belal
- Alhaj Ahmad
- Alherz Mohammad
- Alhimyar Maryam
- Ali Ahmad Syed Mustafa
- Ali SANI Samuel
- Ali Amr
- Ali Asmaa
- Ali Mahmoud
- Ali Shabina
- Alimi Marjan
- Aliosin Oleg
- Aliyu Halima
- Aljaafreh Almoutuz
- Aljaber Dana
- Aljaberi Loay
- Aljanfi Asma
- Aljiffry Murad
- Aljohmani Lylas
- Alkhaledi Ahmad
- Alkhatib Ala'a Aldeen
- Alkhatib Haya
- Alkhatib Mo'min
- Allen Ingabire J.C.
- Almasri Murad
- Almeida Braga Sara
- Almeida Filipe
- Almigheerbi Alabas
- Almoqayyad Abdelrahman
- Almuzghi Fakhruddin
- Alnoury Mostafa
- Alonso Batanero Ester
- Alqadi Mohammad
- Alsaid Bayan
- Alsalameh Barah
- Alsallaq Osama
- Alser Osaid
- Alshaar Muhammad
- Alsharef Tagwa
- Alsharqawi Nourah
- Alswerki Mohammad
- Altaf Amna
- Altaf Rabiya
- AlTaweel Mohammed
- Althini Abdulmunem Ahmed Mustafa
- Altibi Ahmed M.
- Altinel Yuksel
- Altiner Saygin
- Altomare Donato Francesco
- Altumei Zohoor
- Alvarez Rivera Alvaro Eduardo
- Alvarez-Cano Alethia
- Alves do Canto Brum Homero
- Alves Daniela Macedo
- Alves Magda
- Alvi Abdul
- Alwaheidi Malak
- Alwali Abdallah
- Alwerfally AbdulMawlay
- Alwhaidi Noor
- Alyafi Amr
- Alzabti Fatima
- Alzahaf Ahmed
- AlZohour Mohammad
- Amadou Magagi Ibrahim
- Amandito Radhian
- Amarin Justin Z.
- Amaro Margarida
- Ambrazevicius Marijus
- Amendola Alfonso
- Amin Leila
- Amine Souadka
- Amjad Talal
- Amorim Edgar
- Amro Adham
- Anandan Premkumar
- Anas khalifa Rawda
- Anastasio Lorenzo
- Andersson Yvette
- Andreotti Dario
- Andrew David
- André Benoît
- Ang Sue Ean
- Angel Miguel
- Anggita Gultom Phebe
- Annapureddy Naga
- Anokhin Evgeny
- Ansaloni Luca
- Ansarei Dhirar
- Ansari Abdul Basit
- Antaky Marco
- Anthony Natasha
- Anthoulakis Christos
- Antonopoulou Maria Ioanna
- Anwar Mohamed
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- van Berge Henegouwen Mark I.
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- Warden Claire
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- Warwicker Sean
- Wason Deepender
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- Watts Daniel
- Weiser Thomas G
- Welch Matthew
- Wellington Jack
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- Wells Cameron
- West Malcolm
- Westerduin Emma
- Weyl Ariane
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- Whitaker John
- White Rebecca
- Wiberg Rebecca
- Widmer Lukas Werner
- Wierdak Mateusz
- Wijekoon Arachchilage Nimeshi
- Wilguens Lartigue Jean
- Willemin Melissa
- Williams Christopher Yee Khang
- Wills Vanessa
- Wilson Karim
- Wilson Michael
- Wimmer Kerstin
- Windsor John
- Wineberg Devorah
- Winiarski Marek
- Winoto Hadi
- Winter Beatty Jasmine
- Winter Des
- Wisal Maham
- Wisselink Daan
- Wogensen Fredrik
- Wondoh Paul M.
- Wong Florence
- Wong Hsu Ven
- Wong Jane J
- Wong Jeremy
- Wong Lai Fen
- Wong Michael Pak-Kai
- Wong Sui-Weng
- Wong Tsz Lun Ernest
- Wood Lauren
- Woon-Shoo-Tong Xiao-Ming Sarah
- Wren Sherry
- Wuraola Funmilola
- Xanthopoulou Georgia
- Yabut Kenneth
- Yacoub Aseel
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- Yaghi Yasmine
- Yahia Mohamed Ali Mohamed
- Yakushkina Al'ona
- Yalçinkaya Ali
- Yang P Zichu
- Yanikoğlu Erkan
- Yanni Fady
- Yates Charlotte
- Ye Geoffrey
- Yeen Chin Leow
- Yemez Kürşat
- Yenidünya Nilüfer
- Yenli Edwin
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- Yildiz Alp
- Yilmaz Duygu
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- Yoong Andrel
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- Yotsov Tsanko
- You Lucia
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- Yu Kristin
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- Yunes Asmaa
- Yusuf Baasil
- Yüksel Osman
- Zabiyaka Mikhail
- Zachariah Sanoop Koshy
- Zafar Syed Nabeel
- Zaffaroni Gloria
- Zahra Baryab
- Zahran Diaaaldin
- Zakaria Andee Dzulkarnaen
- Zakaria Mai
- Zakaria Omar
- Zakaria Zaidi
- Zambrana Campos Vanesa
- Zammit Matthew
- Zanini Nicola
- Zara Vlu Jean
- Zarti Heba
- Zarzycki Piotr
- Zattoni Davide
- Zavala Gabriela
- Zawahrah Hassan
- Zeiton Asaid
- Zeko Amanda
- Zeng Zhi
- Zeromskas Paulius
- Zhang Geoffrey
- Zhivkov Evgeni
- Zid Esraa
- Zidan Ahmed Mohy
- Zielasek Christian
- Zilinskas Justas
- Zimmermann Bernd
- Ziprin Paul
- Zizzo Maurizio
- Zografos George
- Zoikas Athanasios
- Zorrilla Matilla Laura Patricia
- Zoulamoglou Menelaos
- Zreeg Dafer
- Zub-Pokrowiecka Anna
- Zubiaurre Vanessa
- Zuhdy Mohammed
- Zuikyte Diana
- Zuloaga Fernandez del Valle Carlos Jose
- Zulu Stanley
- Ângelo Miguel
- Älgå Andreas
- Çolak Elif
- Ümarik Toomas
- Čepuliené Daiva
- Şahin Can
- Šatkauskas Mindaugas
- Škimelytè Monika
- Šlenfuktas Vygintas
- Šuman Oliver
- Žatecký Jan
- Žumbakys Žygimantas
- Župan Domagoj
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/07/2022
- Field of study
© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research
Health-status outcomes with invasive or conservative care in coronary disease
- Author
- Alexander K.P.
- Baloch K.
- Bangalore S.
- Boden W.E.
- Cohen D.J.
- Diaz A.
- Gosselin G.
- Harrell F.E.
- Hochman J.S.
- ISCHEMIA Research Group: Joseph Ricci A Tello Montoliu, A I Robero Aniorte, Abbey Mulder, Abhay A Laddu, Abhinav Goyal, Abhishek Dubey, Abhishek Goyal, Abigail Knighton, Abraham Oomman, Adam J Jaskowiak, Adam Kolodziej, Adam Witkowski, Adnan Hameed, Adriana Anesini, Afshan Hussain, Agne Juceviciene, Agne Urboniene, Agnes Jakal, Agnieszka Szramowska, Ahmad Khairuddin, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Ahmed Adel, Ahmed Aljzeeri, Ahmed Kamal, Ahmed Talaat, Aimee Mann, Aira Contreras, Ajit Kumar, V K Kumar, Akemi Furukawa, Akshay Bagai, Akvile Smigelskaite, Alain Furber, Alain Rheault, Alaine Melanie Loehr, Alan Rosen, Albert Varga, Albertina Qelaj, Alberto Barioli, Aldo Russo, Alec Moorman, Alejandro Gisbert, Aleksandra Fratczak, Aleksandras Laucevicius, Alena Kuleshova, Alessandro Sionis, Alexander A Sirker, Alexander M Chernyavskiy, Alexandra Craft, Alexandra Vazquez, Alexandre Ciappina Hueb, Alexandre S Colafranseschi, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Alexandre Tognon, Ali Alghamdi, Alice Manica Muller, Aline Nogueira Raba\ue7a, Aline Peixoto Deiro, Alison Hallam, Allegra Stone, Allison Schley, Almudena Castro, Alvaro Rabelo Ales, Amanda Germann, Amanda O'Malley, Amar Uxa, Amarachi Ojajuni, Amarino C Oliveira Jr, Amber B Hull, Ambuj Roy, Amer Zarka, Amir Janmohamed, Ammani Brown, Ammy Malinay, Amparo Martinez Monzonis, Amy J Richards, Amy Iskandrian, Amy Ollinger, Ana D Djordjevic-Dikic, Ana Fern\ue1ndez Mart\uednez, Ana Gomes Almeida, Ana Paula Batista, Ana Rita Francisco, Ana S Mladenovic, Ana Santana, Anam Siddiqui, Anastasia M Kuzmina-Krutetskaya, Andras Vertes, Andre S Sousa, Andre Gabriel, Andr\ue9 Schmidt, Andrea M Lundeen, Andrea Bartykowszki, Andrea Lorimer, Andrea Mortara, Andrea Pascual, Andreia Coelho, Andreia Rocha, Andr\ue9s Garc\ueda-Rinc\uf3n, Andrew G Howarth, Andrew J Moriarty, Andrew Docherty, Andrew Starovoytov, Andrew Zurick, Andrzej \u141abyk, Andrzej Swiatkowski, Andy Lam, Anelise Kawakami, Angela Hoye, Angela Kim, Angelique Smit, Angelo Nobre, Anil V Shah, Anja Ljubez, Anjali Anand, Ankush Sachdeva, Ann Greenberg, Ann Luyten, Ann Ostrander, Anna Di Donato, Anna Cichocka-Radwan, Anna Fojt, Anna Plachcinska, Anna Proietti, Anna Teresinska, Anne Marie Webb, Anne Cartwright, Anne Heath, Anne Mackin, Anong Amaritakomol, Anong Chaiyasri, Anoop Chauhan, Anoop Mathew, Anthony Gemignani, Anto Luigi Andres, Antonia Vega, Antonietta Hansen, Antonino Ginel Iglesias, Antonio Carlos Carvalho, Antonio Di Chiara, Antonio Serra Pe\uf1aranda, Antonio Carvalho, Antonio Colombo, Antonio Fiarresga, Anupama Rao, Aquiles Valdespino-Estrada, Araceli Boan, Areef Ishani, Ariel Diaz, Arijit Ghosh, Arintaya Prommintikul, Arline Roberts, Arnold H Seto, Arnold P Good, Arshed Quyyumi, Arthur J Labovitz, Arthur Kerner, Arturo S Campos-Santaolalla, Arunima Misra, Ashok Mukherjee, Ashok Seth, Ashraf Seedhom, Asim N Cheema, Asker Ahmed, Atul Mathur, Atul Verma, Audrey W Leong, Axel \uc5kerblom, Axelle Fuentes, Aynun Naher, Badhma Valaiyapathi, Baljeet Kaur, Bandula Guruge, Barbara Brzezi\u144ska, Barbara Nardi, Bartosz Czarniak, Bebek Singh, Bego\uf1a Igual, Bela Merkely, Belen Cid Alvarez, Benjamin J Spooner, Benjamin J W Chow, Benjamin Cheong, Benoy N Shah, Bernard de Bruyne, Bernardas Valecka, Bernhard J\ue4ger, Beth A Archer, Beth Abramson, Beth Jorgenson, Bethany Harvey, Betsy O'Neal, Bev Atkinson, Bev Bozek, Bevin Lang, Bijulal Sasidharan, Bin Yang, Bin Zhang, Binoy Mannekkattukudy Kurian, Bjoern Goebel, Bob Hu, Bogdan A Popescu, Bogdan Crnokrak, Bolin Zhu, Bonnie J Kirby, Brandi D Zimbelman, Brandy Starks, Branko D Beleslin, Brenda Hart, Brian P Shapiro, Brian McCandless, Brianna Wisniewski, Brigham R Smith, Brooks Mirrer, Bruce McManus, Bruce Rutkin, Bruna Edilena Paulino, Bruna Maria Ascoli, Bryn Smith, Byron J Allen, C Michael Gibson, C Noel Bairey Merz, Calin Pop, Cameron Hague, Camila Thais de Ormundo, Candace Gopaul, Candice P Edillo, Car\uedsi A Polanczyk, Carita Krannila, Carla Vicente, Carl-\uc9ric Gagn\ue9, Carlo Briguori, Carlos Pe\uf1a Gil, Carlos Alvarez, Carly Ohmart, Carmen C Beladan, Carmen Ginghina, Carol M Kartje, Caroline Alsweiler, Caroline Brown, Caroline Callison, Caroline Pinheiro, Caroline Rodgers, Caroline Spindler, Carolyn Corbett, Carrie Drum, Casey Riedberger, Catherine Bone, Catherine Fleming, Catherine Gordon, Catherine Jahrsdorfer, Catherine Lemay, Catherine Weick, Cathrine Patten, Cecilia Goletto, Cezary Kepka, Chandini Suvarna, Chang Xu, Chantale Mercure, Charle A Viljoen, Charlene Wiyarand, Charles Jia-Yin Hou, Charles Y Lui, Charles Cannan, Charles Cornet, Charlotte Pirro, Chataroon Rimsukcharoenchai, Chen Wang, Cheng-Ting Tsai, Chen-Yen Chien, Cheryl A Allardyce, Chester M Hedgepeth, Chetan Patel, Chiara Attanasio, Chih-Hsuan Yen, Chi-Ming Chow, Ching Min Er, Ching-Ching Ong, Cholenahally Nanjappa Manjunath, Chris Beck, Chris Buller, Christel Vassaliere, Christian Hamm, Christiano Caldeira, Christie Ballantyne, Christina Bj\uf6rklund, Christine R Hinton, Christine Bergeron, Christine Masson, Christine Roraff, Christine Shelley, Christophe Laure, Christophe Thuaire, Christopher Kinsey, Christopher McFarren, Christopher Spizzieri, Christopher Travill, Chun-Chieh Liu, Chung-Lieh Hung, Chunguang Li, Chun-Ho Yun, Chunli Xia, Ciarra Heard, Cidney Schultz, Clare Venn-Edmonds, Claudia P Hochberg, Claudia Wegmayr, Claudia Cort\ue9s, Claudia Escobar, Cl\ue1udia Freixo, Claudio T Mesquita, Clemens T Kadalie, Colin Berry, Constance Philander, Corine Thobois, Costantino Costantini, Courtney Page, Craig Atkinson, Craig Barr, Craig Paterson, Cristina Bare, Cynthia Baumann, Cynthia Burman, Dalisa Espinosa, Damien Collison, Dan Deleanu, Dan Elian, Dan Gao, Dana Oliver, Daniel P Vezina, Daniel O'Rourke, Daniele Komar, Danielle Schade, Darrel P Francis, Dastan Malaev, David A Bull, David E Winchester, David P Faxon, David Booth, David Cohen, David DeMets, David Foo, David Schlichting, David Taggart, David Waters, David Wohns, Davis Vo, Dawid Teodorczyk, Dawn Shelstad, Dawn Turnbull, Dayuan Li, Dean Kereiakes, Deborah O'Neill, Deborah Yip, Debra K Johnson, Debra Dees, Deepak L Bhatt, Deepika Gopal, Deepti Kumar, Deirdre Mattina, Deirdre Murphy, Delano R Small, Delsa K Rose, Dengke Jiang, Denis Carl Phaneuf, Denise Braganza, Denise Fine, Derek Cyr, Desiree Tobin, Diana Cukali, Diana Parra, Diane Camara, Diane Minshall Liu, Diego Adri\ue1n Vences, Diego Franca de Cunha, Dimitrios Stournaras, Dipti Patel, Dongze Li, Donna Exley, Dorit Grahl, Dragana Stanojevic, Duarte Cacela, Dwayne S G Conway, E Pinar Bermudez, Eapen Punnoose, Edgar L Tay, Edgar Karanjah, Edoardo Verna, Eduardo Hernandez-Rangel, Edward D Nicol, Edward O McFalls, Edward T Martin, Edyta Kaczmarska, Ekaterina I Lubinskaya, Elena A Demchenko, Elena Refoyo Salicio, Eli Feen, Elih\ufa Dur\ue1n-Cort\ue9s, Elisabeth M Janzen, Elise L Hannemann, Elise van Dongen, Elissa Restelli Piloto, Eliza Kaplan, Elizabeta Srbinovska Kostovska, Elizabeth Capasso-Gulve, Elizabeth Congdon, Elizabeth Ferguson, Elizaveta V Zbyshevskaya, Ellen Magedanz, Ellie Fridell, Ellis W Lader, Elvin Kedhi, Emanuela Racca, Emilie Tachot, Emily DeRosa, Encarnaci\uf3n Alonso-\uc1lvarez, Eric Nicollet, Eric Peterson, Erick Alex\ue1nderson Rosas, Erick Donato Morales, Erin Orvis, Ermina Moga, Estelle Montpetit, Estevao Figueiredo, Eugene Passamani, Eugenia Nikolsky, Eunice Yeoh, Evgeniy I Kretov, Ewa Szczerba, Ewelina Wojtala, Expedito Eust\ue1quio Ribeiro Silva, F Marin Ortu\uf1o, Fabio R Farias, Fabio Fimiani, Fabrizio Rolfo, Fa-Chang Yu, Fadi Hage, Fadi Matar, Fahim Haider Jafary, Fang Feng, Fang Liu, Fatima Ranjbaran, Fatima Rodriguez, Fausto J Pinto, Fauzia Rashid, Federica Ramani, Fei Wang, Fernanda Igansi, Filipa Silva, Filippo Ottani, Fiona Haines, Firas Al Solaiman, Fl\ue1via Egydio, Flavio Lyra, Florian Egger, Fran Farquharson, Frances Laube, Francesc Carreras Costa, Francesca de Micco, Francesca Bianchini, Francesca Pezzetta, Francesca Pietrucci, Francesco Orso, Francesco Pisano, Francis Burt, Francisca Patuleia Figueiras, Francisco Fernandez-Aviles, Francois Pierre Mongeon, Frans Van de Werf, Franziska Guenther, Fraser N Witherow, Fred Mohr, Frederico Dall'Orto, Fumiyuki Otsuka, G De La Morena, G Karthikeyan, Gabor Dekany, Gabor Kerecsen, Gabriel Galeote, Gabriel Grossmann, Gabriel Vorobiof, Gabriela Sanchez de Souza, Gabriela Guzman, Gabriela Zeballos, Gabriele Gabrielli, Gabriele Jakl-Kotauschek, Gail A Shammas, Gail Brandt, Gang Chen, Gary E Lane, Gary J Luckasen, Gautam Sharma, Gelmina Mikolaitiene, Gennie Yee, Georg Nickenig, George E Revtyak, George J Juang, Gerald Fletcher, Gerald Leonard, Gerard Patrick Devlin, Gerard Esposito, Gergely \uc1goston, Gervasio Lamas, Geza Fontos, Ghada Mikhail, Gia Cobb, Gian Piero Perna, Gianpiero Leone, Giles Roditi, Gilles Barone-Rochette, Girish Mishra, Giuseppe Tarantini, Glenda Wong, Glenn S Hamroff, Glenn Rayos, Gong Cheng, Gonzalo Barge-Caballero, Goran Davidovi\u107, Goran Stankovic, Gordana Stevanovic, Grace Jingyan Wang, Grace M Young, Graceanne Wayser, Graciela Scaro, Graham S Hillis, Graham Wong, Grazyna Anna Szulczyk, Gregor Simonis, Gregory Kumkumian, Gretchen Ann Peichel, Grzegorz Gajos, Gudrun Steinmaurer, Guilherme G Rucatti, Guilherme Portugal, Guilhermina Cantinho Lopes, Guillem Pons Llad\uf3, Gunnar Frostfelt, Gurpreet S Wander, Gurpreet Gulati, Gustavo Pucci, Hafidz Abd Hadi, Haibo Zhang, Haitao Wang, Halina Marciniak, Han Chen, Hanan Kerr, Hani Najm, Hanna Douglas, Hannah Phillips, Hao Dai, Haojian Dong, Haqeel Jamil, Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai, Harry Suryapranata, Hassan Reda, Hayley Pomeroy, Heather Barrentine, Heather Golden, Heather Hurlburt, Heidi Wilson, Helen C Tucker, Helene Abergel, Hemalata Siddaram, Hermine Osseni, Herwig Schuchlenz, Hesong Zeng, Hicham Skali, Hilda Solomon, Hollie Horton, Holly Hetrick, Holly Little, Holly Park, Hongjie Chi, Hossam Mahrous, Howard A Levite, Hristo Pejkov, Huajun Li, Hugo Bloise-Adames, Hugo Marques, Hui Zhong, Hui-Min Zhang, Humayrah Hashim, Hung-I Yeh, Hussien El Fishawy, Ian Webb, Iftikhar Kullo, Igor O Grazhdankin, Ihab Hamzeh, Ikraam Hassan, Ikuko Ueda, Ileana L Pina, Ilona Tamasauskiene, Ilse Bouwhuis, Imran Arif, Ina Wenzelburger, In\ueas Zimbarra Cabrita, Ines Rodrigues, Inga H Robbins, Inga Soveri, Ingela Schnittger, Iqbal Karimullah, Ira M Dauber, Iram Rehman, Irena Peovska Mitevska, Irene Marthe Lang, Irina Subbotina, Irma Kalibataite-Rutkauskiene, Irni Yusnida, Isabel Estela Carvajal, Isabella C Palazzo, Isabelle Hogan, Isabelle Roy, Ishba Syed, Ishita Tejani, Ivan A Naryshkin, Ivana Jankovic, Iwona Niedzwiecka, J David Knight, Jacek Kusmierek, Jackie M White, Jackie Chow, Jacob Udell, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland, Jacqueline Fannon, Jacquelyn A Quin, Jacquelyn Do, Jaekyeong Heo, Jakub Maksym, James E Davies, James H O'Keefe Jr, James J Jang, James Cha, James Harrison, James Hirsch, James Stafford, James Tatoulis, Jamie Rankin, Jan Henzel, Jan Orga, Jana Tancredi, Janaina Oliveira, Jane Burton, Jane Eckstein, Jane Marucci, Janet P Knight, Janet Blount, Janet Halliday, Janetta Kourzenkova, Janitha Raj, Jan-Malte Sinning, Jaqueline Pozzibon, Jaroslaw Drozdz, Jaroslaw Karwowski, Jason D Glover, Jason Loh Kwok, Jason T Call, Jason Linefsky, Jassira Gomes, Jati Anumpa, Javier J Garcia, Javier Courtis, Jay Meisner, K Jayakumar, Jayne Scales, Jean E Denaro, Jean Michel Juliard, Jean Ho, Jeanette K Stansborough, Jean-Michel Juliard, Jeanne Russo, Jeannette J M Schoep, Jeet Thambyrajah, Jeff Leimberger, Jeffery A Breall, Jeffrey A Kohn, Jeffrey C Milliken, Jeffrey Anderson, Jeffrey Blume, Jeffrey Kanters, Jeffrey Lorin, Jeffrey Moses, Jelena J Stepanovic, Jelena Celutkiene, Jelena Djokic, Jelena Stojkovic, Jenne M Jose, Jenne Manchery, Jennifer A Mull, Jennifer H Czerniak, Jennifer L Stanford, Jennifer Gillis, Jennifer Horst, Jennifer Isaacs, Jennifer Langdon, Jennifer Thomson, Jennifer Tomfohr, Jennifer White, Jen-Yuan Kuo, Jeremy Rautureau, Jerome Fleg, Jessica Berg, Jessica Rodriguez, Jessica Waldron, Jhina Patro, Jia Li, Jiajia Mao, Jiamin Liu, Jian'an Wang, Jianhua Li, Jianxin Zhang, Jie Qi, Jihyun Lyo, Jill Marcus, Jim Blankenship, Jing Zhang, Jingjing Liu, Jing-Yao Fan, Jiun-Yi Li, Jiwan Pradhan, Jiyan Chen, J M Rivera Caravaca, Jo Evans, Joan Garcia Picart, Joan Hecht, Joanna Jaroch, Joanna Zalewska, Joanne Kelly, Joanne Taaffe, Jo\ue3o Reynaldo Abbud, Jo\ue3o V Vitola, Joaqu\uedn V Pe\uf1afiel, Jocelyne Benatar, Jody Bindeman, Joe Sabik, Joel Klitch, Johann Christopher, Johannes Aspberg, John D Friedman, John F Beltrame, John F Heitner, John Joseph Graham, John R Davies, John Doan, John Kotter, John Kurian, John Mukai, John Pownall, Jolanta Sobolewska, Jon Kobashigawa, Jonathan L Goldberg, Jonathan W Bazeley, Jonathan Byrne, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Jonathan Leipsic, Jonean Thorsen, Jorge F Trejo Gutierrez, Jorge Escobedo, Jorik Timmer, Jos\ue9 A Ortega-Ram\uedrez, Jos\ue9 Antonio Marin-Neto, Jose D Salas, Jose Enrique Castillo, Jose Francisco Saraiva, Jos\ue9 J Cuenca-Castillo, Jose L Diez, Jos\ue9 Luis Narro Villanueva, Jos\ue9 Luiz da Vieira, Jos\ue9 M Flores-Palacios, Jose Ramon Gonzalez, Jose Seijas Amigo, Jose Fragata, Josep Maria Padr\uf3, Josheph F X McGarvey Jr, Joseph Hannan, Joseph Sacco, Joseph Sweeny, Joseph Wiesel, Josephine D Abraham, Joshua P Loh, Joy Burkhardt, Joyce R White, Joyce Riestenberg-Smith, Judit Sebo, Judith L Meadows, Judith Wright, Judy Mae Foltz, Judy Hung, Judy Otis, Juergen Stumpf, Jui-Peng Tsai, Julia S Dionne, Julia de Aveiro Morata, Julie Bunke, Julie Morrow, Julio C\ue9sar Figal, Jun Fujita, Jun Jiang, Junhua Li, Junqing Yang, Juntima Euathrongchit, Jyotsna Garg, K Manjula Rani, K Preethi, Kaatje Goetschalckx, Kai Eggers, Kamalakar Surineni, Kanae Hirase, T R Kapilamoorthy, Karen Calfas, Karen Gratrix, Karen Hallett, Karen Hultberg, Karen Nugent, Karen Petrosyan, Karen Swan, Karolina Kryczka, Karolina Wojtczak-Soska, Karolina Wojtera, Karsten Lenk, Karthik Ramasamy, Katarzyna \u141uczak, Katarzyna Malinowska, Kate Pointon, Kate Robb, Katherine Martin, Kathleen Claes, Kathryn Carruthers, Kathy E Siegel, Katia Drouin, Katie Fowler-Lehman, Kavita Rawat, Kay Rowe, Keiichi Fukuda, Keith A A Fox, Ken Mahaffey, Kendra Unterbrink, Kenneth Giedd, Kerrie Van Loo, Kerry Lee, Kerstin Bonin, Kevin R Bainey, Kevin T Harley, Kevin Anstrom, Kevin Chan, Kevin Croce, Kevin Landolfo, Kevin Marzo, Keyur Patel, Khaled Abdul-Nour, Khaled Alfakih, Khaled Dajani, Khaled Ziada, Khaula Baloch, Khrystyna Kushniriuk, Kian-Keong Poh, Kim F Ireland, Kim Holland, Kimberly Ann Byrne, Kimberly E Halverson, Kimberly Elmore, Kimberly Miller-Cox, Kiran Reddy, Kirsten J Quiles, Kirsty Abercrombie, Klaus Matschke, Konrad Szymczyk, Koo Hui Chan, Kotiboinna Preethi, Kozhaya Sokhon, Krissada Meemuk, Kristian Thygesen, Kristin M Salmi, Kristin Newby, Kristina Wippler, Kristine Arges, Kristine Teoh, Krystal Etherington, Krystyna \u141oboz-Grudzie\u144, Krzysztof W Reczuch, Krzysztof Bury, Krzysztof Drzymalski, Krzysztof Kuku\u142a, Kuo-Tzu Sung, Kurt Huber, Ladda Douangvila, Lance Sullenberger, Larissa Miranda Trama, Laszlone Matics, Laura Drew, Laura Flint, Laura Keinaite, Laura Sarti, Laurel Kolakaluri, Lawrence M Phillips, Lawrence Friedman, Lawrence Phillips, Lazar Velicki, Leah Howell, Leandro C Maranan, Leanne Cox, Ledjalem Daba, Lei Zhang, Lekshmi Dharmarajan, Leo Bockeria, Leonardo Pizzol Caetano, Leonardo Bridi, Leonid L Bershtein, Leszek Sokalski, Li Hai Yan, Li Li, Lia Nijmeijer, Lidia Sousa, Lihong Xu, Lihua Zhang, Lili Zhang, Lilia Schiavi, Lilian Mazza Barbosa, Lillian L Khor, Lina Felix-Stern, Linda L Hall, Linda M Hollenweger, Linda Arcand, Linda Davidson-Ray, Linda Schwarz, Lindsey N Sikora, Lingping Chi, Lino Patricio, Liping Zhang, Lisa Chaytor, Lisa Hatch, Lisa McCloy, Lisa Wong, Liselotte Persson, Lixin Jiang, Liz Low, Ljiljana Pupic, Lo\uefc Bi\ue8re, Lorenzo Monti, Lori Christensen, Lori Pritchard, Loriane Black, Lori-Ann Desimone, Lori-Ann Larmand, Lorraine McGregor, Louise Morby, Louise Thomson, Luc Harvey, Luciana de P\ue1dua Baptista, Lucilla Garcia, Ludivine Eliahou, Ludmila Helmer, Luis F Smidt, Luis Bernanrdes, Luis Guzman, Luiz A Carvalho, Luyang Xiong, Lynette L Teo, Lynn M Neeson, Lynne Winstanley, M Barbara Srichai-Parsia, M Quintana Giner, M Sowjanya Reddy, M Vald\ue9s Ch\ue1varri, M Grazia Rossi, Maarten Simoons, Maayan Konigstein, Maciej Lesiak, Maciej Olsowka, Mafalda Selas, Magalie Corfias, Magdalena Madero Rovalo, Magdalena \u141anocha, Magdalena Miller, Magdalena Misztal-Teodorczyk, Magdalena Rantinella, Magdy Abdelhamid, Magnolia Jimenez, Mahboob Alam, Mahevamma Mylarappa, Mahfouz El Shahawy, Mahmoud Mohamed, Mahmud Al-Bustami, Majo X Joseph, Malgorzata Frach, Ma\u142gorzta Celi\u144ska-Spodar, Malte Helm, Manas Chacko, Mandy Murphy, Manitha Vinod, Manjula Rani, Manu Dhawan, Manuela Mombelli, Marcel Weber, Marcello Galvani, Marcelo Jamus Rodrigues, Marcia F Dubin, Marcia F Werner Bayer, Marcin Szkopiak, Marco Antonio Monsalve, Marco Bizzaro Santos, Marco Magnoni, Marco Marini, Marco Sicuro, Marco Zenati, Marcos Val\ue9rio Coimbra Resende, Marek Roik, Margalit Bentzvi, Margaret Gilsenan, Margaret Iraola, Margot C Quinn, Maria A Alfonso, Maria Antonieta Pereira Moraes, Mar\ueda Dolores Mart\uednez-Ru\uedz, Mar\ueda Fernanda Canales, Maria In\ueas Caetano, Maria P Corral, Maria P\ue9rez Garc\ueda, Maria Victoria Actis, Maria Aguirre, Maria Andreasson, Maria Aprile, Maria Colton, Maria Eugenia Martin, Maria Lasala, Maria Lorenzo, Maria Posada, Maria Shier, Maria Thottam, Mariana V Furtado, Mariana Yumi Okada, Marianna D A Dracoulakis, Marianne De Andrade, Mariano Rubio, Marie Essermark, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Marija T Petrovic, Marija Zdravkovic, Marilyn Black, Marina Garcia, Mario J Garcia, Mariola Szulik, Marisa Orgera, Mark A de Belder, Mark Harbinson, Mark Hyun, Mark Peterson, Mark Xavier, Marlowe Mosley, Marta Capinha, Marta Marcinkiewicz-Siemion, Marta Swiderek, Martha Meyer, Martina Ceseri, Martina Tricoli, Marvin Kronenberg, Mary Williams, Mary Ann Champagne, Mary Colleen Rogge, Mary R Soltau, Mary Streif, Massimo Villella, Massoud Leesar, Matei Claudia, Mateusz Solecki, Mat\uedas Nicol\ue1s Mungo, Matthew Wall Jr, Matthew Budoff, Matthew Jezior, Matthew Luckie, Matthias Friedrich, Mauren P Haeffner, Maximilian Tscharre, Max-Paul Winter, Mayana Almeida, Mayil S Krishnam, Mayuri Patel, Meenakshi Mishra, Megan Manocchia, Meghana Kakade, Melanie J Munro, Melissa D Chaplin, Melissa LeFevre, Mervyn Andiapen, Michael A Gibson, Michael B Rubens, Michael C Turner, Michael D Shapiro, Michael W Lee, Michael Berlowitz, Michael Davidson, Michael Mack, Michael McDaniel, Michael Mumma, Michal Wlodarczyk, Michel G Khouri, Michel S Slama, Michele Rawlins, Michelle M Bonner, Michelle M Seib, Michelle Chang, Michelle Crowder, Michelle Dixon, Michelle Mayon, Michelle McEvoy, Michelle Yee, Miguel M Fernandes, Miguel Nobre Menezes, Miguel Souto Bayarri, Miguel Barrero, Mikhail T Torosoff, Milan R Dobric, Milan Dobric, Milica Nikola Dekleva, Milind Avdhoot Gadkari, Millie Gomez, Min Tun Kyaw, Miriam Brooks, Miroslav Stevo Martinovic, Mitchel B Lustre, Mohammad Tariq Vakani, Mohammad El-Hajjar, Mohammed Al-Amoodi, Mohammed Hussain, Mohammed Saleem, Mois\ue9s Blanco-Calvo, Mois\ue9s Jim\ue9nez-Santos, Mona Bhatia, Monica Rosca, Monika Laukyte, Montserrat Gracida Blanca, Montserrat Vila Perales, Mouaz H Al-Mallah, Moys\ue9s de Oliveira Filho, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Muhamed Saric, Mulei Chen, Myriam Brousseau, Myrthes Emy Takiuti, Nada Cemerlic-Adjic, Nadia Asif, Nadia Gakou, Nafisa Hussain, Nana O Katamadze, Nancy L Clapp, Nancy Aedy, Nandita Nataraj, Nanette K Wenger, Naomi Uchida, Nasrul Ismail, Natalia S Oliveira, Natalia de Carvalho Maffei, Natalie Spitzer, Natasha C Putnam, Naved Aslam, Neamat Mowafy, Neeraj Pandit, Neeraj Parakh, Nevena Garcevic, Ngaire Meadows, Nhi N Tran, Nicholas Danchin, Nicki Lakeman, Nicola Johnston, Nicolas W Shammas, Nicole Saint Vrestil, Nicole Deming, Nier Zhong, Niket Patel, Nikola N Boskovic, Nikolaos Karogiannis, Nikos Werner, Nina Johnston, Ning Zhang, Ning Zhou, Niree Hindoyan, Nirmal Kumar, Nitika Chadha, Nitish Naik, Nodira Aripova, Noloyiso Mtana, Nona A Eskelson, Noor Syamira Mokhtar, Noppon Taksaudom, Nor Asiah Basri, Nora Marchelletta, Norma Hogg, Nungshi Jungla, Nuno Ferreira, Oksana A Lubyanaya, Olga B Nikolaeva, Olga Ca\uf1avate, Olga Sobrino, Olga Walesiak, Olga Walter, Olga Zdo\u144czyk, Olivia J Lim, Olivia Anaya, Olivia Mancilla, Olivier Dubourg, Olugbenga Bello, Omar Almousalli, Omar Thompson, Oni Olurinde, Or Harel, Osama Raheem, Oscar M\ue9ndiz, 3scar Prada-Delgado, Oz Shapira, P Christian Schulze, Pachara Panpunuan, Pal Maurovich-Horvat, Pallav Garg, Paloma Moraga, Pam Singh, Pamela Julian, Pamela Ouyang, Pamela Sigel, Pamela Woodard, Panpan Zhou, Paola Emanuela Poggio, Paola Smanio, Paolo Calabro, Paramjit Jeetley, Pascal Goube, Patricia K Nguyen, Patricia Alarie, Patricia Arakelian, Patricia Arsenault, Patricia Blaise, Patricia Brito, Patricia Cowper, Patricia Endsley, Patricia Mieses, Patrick B Alexander, Patrick Donnelly, Patrick Wilmot, Patrycja Lebioda, Paul C Gordon, Paul Der Mesropian, Paul Galiwango, Paul Hauptman, Paul Kennedy, Paula Beardsley, Paula Garc\ueda-Gonz\ue1lez, Paulo Cury Rezende, Paulo Ricardo Caramori, Pavel S Kozlov, Pedro Canas Silva, Pedro Gabriel Melo Barros E Silva, Pedro P\uedccaro de Oliveira, Pedro Carvalho, Pedro Modas, Pedro Rio, Peeyush Jain, Peiyu He, Peter A McCullough, Peter H Stone, Peter M Pollak, Peter Douglass, Peter Henriksen, Peter OKane, Peter Ong, Philip Jones, Philip Rogal, Philippe G\ue9n\ue9reux, Philippe Menasche, Philippe Rheault, Phoebe Goold, Pierre Gervais, Pierre Michaud, Pilar Calvillo, Ping Chai, Piotr Jakubowski, Piotr Pruszczyk, Piotr Slomka, Piyamitr Sritara, Poay-Huan Loh, Poonam Sonawane, Pouneh Samadi, Pragnesh P Parikh, Prakash Deedwania, Pranav M Patel, Praneeth Polamuri, Pratiksha Sharma, Precilia Vasquez, Preeti Kamath, Prince Thomas, Priyadarshani Arambam, Puja K Mehta, Purvez Grant, Pushpa Naik, Qi Zhong, Qian Zhao, Qiang Zhou, Qianqian Yuan, Qin Yu, Qingxian Li, Qiulan Xie, Qiutang Zeng, R J Vindhya, R James Gerlach, Rachel King, Rada Vu\u10di\u107, Radmila Lyubarova, Radoslaw Pracon, Raewyn Fisher, Rafael Beyar, Rafael Diaz, Rafael Selgas, Raffaele Bugiardini, Raffaele Fanelli, Raisa Kavalakkat, V S Rajalekshmi, Rajat S Barua, Rajeev Menon, Rajesh Gopalan Nair, Rajesh Francis, Rajiv Narang, Rakesh Yadav, Ralph Alan Huston, T Ramakrishnan, Ramesh de Silva, Rami El Mahmoud, Ramiro Carvalho, Ramon de Jes\ufas-P\ue9rez, Ramona Stevens, Ran Leng, Ranjan Kachru, Ranjit Kumar Nath, Raquel Sanchez, Raven R Dwyer, Raven Lee, Ray Wyman, Raymond C Wong, Raymond W Little, Raymundo Ocaranza Sanchez, Rebecca J Wimmer, Rebecca Bariciano, Rebecca Otis, Rebekah R Herrmann, Reem Yunis, Reinette Hampson, Renato Abdala Karam, Renee C Hessian, Renee Kaneshiro, Reshma Ravindran, Reto Andreas Gamma, Reyna Bhandari, Reza Arsanjani, Ricardo L Lopes, Ricardo Mendes Oliveira, Ricardo Costa, Richa Bhatt, Richard F Davies, Richard H J Trimlett, Richard Goldweit, Rik Hermanides, Rine Nakanishi, Rinu R Sidh, Risha Patel, Rita Coram, Rizwan A Siddiqui, Rob S Beanlands, Robert J Hamburger, Robert K Riezebos, Robert M Donnino, Robert Bojar, Robert Chilton, Robert Guyton, Robert Henderson, Robert Kornberg, Robert Leber, Robert Mao, Robert Stenberg, Roberta P Santos, Roberto Ren\ue9 Favaloro, Roberto Amati, Rodolfo G S D Lima, Rodrigo J Cerci, Rogerio Tumelero, Rohit Tandon, Roma Tewari, Romalisa Miranda-Peats, Ron Wald, Ronald A Mastouri, Ronald G Morford, Ronald G Schwartz, Ronald P Pedalino, Rongrong Hu, Ronnell A Hansen, Ronny A Cohen, Rory Hachamovitch, Rosa Homem, Rosa Sandonato, Rosane Laimer, Rosann Gans, Roxanne Yost, Roy Mathew, Rub\ue9n Bale\uf3n-Espinosa, Ruben Ramos, Rubine Gevorgyan, Rui Ferreira, Rui Jing, Ruth P\ue9rez-Fern\ue1ndez, S K Dwivedi, S Ramakrishnan, Saadat Khan, Sabahat Bokhari, Sabu Thomas, Sadath Lubna, Sajeeda Parveen Khan, Sajeev Chakanalil Govindan, Saket Girotra, Saleem Kassam, Sallie Canada, Salvador Cruz-Flores, Samaa Mohamed, Samantha Ly, Sameh El Kaffas, Samia Massalha, Sampoornima Setty, Samuel Nwosu, Sandeep Seth, Sandeep Singh, Sander R Niehe, Sandra M Rivest, Sandra S Zier, Sandra Ahoud, Sandy Carr, Sanjay Ganapathi, Sanjay Shetty, Sanjeev Sharma, Santa Jimenez, Santhosh Satheesh, Santiago A Garcia, Sara Fernandez, Sara Karlsson, Sara Salkind, Sara Temiyasathit, Sarah Medina Rodriguez, Sarah Beaudry, Sarah Hadjih, Sarah Williams, Sarah Zahrani, Sarju Ralhan, Sasa Hinic, Sasko Kedev, Satinder Singh, Satoshi Yasuda, Satvic Cholenahally Manjunath, Sau Lee, Scott M Kaczkowski, Scott Kinlay, Sean W Hayes, Sebastian Sobczak, Senait Asier, Sergey A Sayganov, Seth I Sokol, Shaheen Pandie, Shaiful Azmi Yahaya, Shamir Mehta, Shao-Ping Nie, Sharad Chandra, Sharder Islam, Sharon Tai, Sheetal Rupesh Karwa, Sheri Ussery, Sheromani Bajaj, Sherron C Crook, Shigeyuki Nishimura, Shintaro Nakano, Shirin Heydari, Shiv Kumar Choudhary, Shivali Patel, Shobana Ganesan, Shruti Pandey, Shuyang Zhang, Shweta Hande, Siddharth Gadage, Sik-Yin V Tan, Silvia Zottis Poletti, Silvia Riera, Silvia Valbuena, Simon Walsh, Simona Maspoli, Simone Savaris, Si-Ting Feng, So Yang Cho, Solomon Yakubov, Songlin Zhu, Songtao Wang, Sonia Guerrero, Sonika Gupta, Sonja Salinger Martinovic, Sonya Brons, Sorin Brener, Sothinathan Gurunathan, Souheil Saba, Soundarya Nayak, Sowjanya Reddy, Srinivasa Potluri, Sriram Sudarshan, Srun Kuanprasert, Stacie Van Oosterhout, Stamatios Lerakis, Stanley E Cobos, Stefan C Bertog, Stefan M Simovi\u107, Stefan Weikl, Stefano Di Marco, Stefano Provasoli, Stephanie A Tirado, Stephanie C Boer, Stephanie M Lane, Stephanie Ferket, Stephanie Kelly, Stephanie Wasmiller, Stephen H McKellar, Stephen P Hoole, Stephen Fremes, Stephen Preston, Steve Leung, Steven A Fein, Steven J Lindsay, Steven P Sedlis, Steven Giovannone, Steven Michael, Steven Weitz, Stijn van Vugt, Subhash Banerjee, Sudhir Naik, Suellen Hosino, Sukie Desire, Sukit Yamwong, Suku T Thambar, Sulagna Mookherjee, Suman Singh, Sundeep Mishra, Sunil Kumar Verma, Supap Kulthawong, Supatchara Khwakhong, Surendra Naik, Suresh Babu, Surin Woragidpoonpol, Suryaprakash Narayanappa, Susan Derbyshire, Susan Gent, Susan Mathus, Susan Milbrandt, Susan Moore, Susan Regan, Susan Stinson, Susan Webber, Susana Silva, Susanna Stevens, Susanne Gruensfelder, Suthara Aramcharoen, Suvarna Kolhe, Suzana Tavares, Suzanne Arnold, Suzanne Welsh, Svetlana Apostolovic, Swapna Kunhunny, Ta-Chuan Hung, Taissa Zappernick, Tali Sharir, Talita Silva, Tamara Colai\ue1covo Soares, Tapan Umesh Pillay, Tarun K Mittal, Tatiana Trifonova, Tauane Bello Duarte, Tauqir Huk, T\ue9odora Dutoiu, Terrance Chua, Terry Weyand, Thabitha Charles, Theodoros Kofidis, Theresa McCreary, Thierry Lefevre, Thippeekaa Arumairajah, Thitipong Tepsuwan, Thomas J Mulhearn, Thomas M Meyer, Thomas P Rocco, Thomas R Downes, Thomas Crain, Thomas Haldis, Thomas Mathew, Thomas Redick, Thounaojam Indira Devi, Thuraia Nageh, Tia Cauthren, Tiago Silva, Tiffany Little, Tijana Andric, Tina Harding, Titus Lau, Tiziana Formisano, Tiziano Moccetti, Tomasz Ciurus, Tomasz Mazurek, Tomasz Tarchalski, Toshiyuki Nagai, Tri Tran, Tricia Youn, Trish Tucker, Trudie Milner, Tuhina Bose, Tushar Kotecha, Udo Sechtem, Uma S Valeti, Umberto Cucchini, Umesh Badami, Upendra Kaul, V K Bahl, V S Narain, Valentina Casali, Valeria Godoy, Valerie Robesyn, Vamshi P Priya, Vandana Yadav, Vera McKinney, Veronica De Lenges, Veronica Tinnirello, Vicente Miro, Victor Navarro, Victoria Gumerova, Victoria Hernandez, Vidya Seeratan, Vijay Kumar, Vikentiy Y Kozulin, Viktoria Bulkley, Vilmar Veiga Jr, Vincent Setang, C P Vineeth, Virginai Pubull Nu\uf1ez, Virginia Fern\ue1ndez-Figares, Vitor Gomes, Viviana Gabriel, Viviane Dos Santos, Viviane Almeida, Vlad A Iliescu, Vladan Mudrenovic, Vladimir Dzavik, Vojislav L Giga, Walter Enrique Mogrovejo, Wan Xian Chan, Wanda C Marfori, Wanda Parker, Warangkana Mekara, Wassim Nona, Wayne Old, Wayne Pennachi, Weerachai Nawarawong, Wei Chen, Wei Su, Weibing Xing, Wei-Ren Lan, Wenda Crawford, Wendy L Stewart, Wendy Drewes, Wenhua Lin, William B Abernethy, William D Salerno, William F Fearon, William Vergoni, William Weintraub, Winnie C Sia, Wlodzimierz J Musial, Xacobe Flores-R\uedos, Xavier Garcia-Moll Marimon, Xi Su, Xiang Ma, Xiangqiong Gu, Xiao Wang, Xiaomei Li, Xiaowei Yao, Xin Fu, Xin Su, Xin Zeng, Xinchun Yang, Xiuhong Li, Xuehua Fang, Xutong Wang, Yaming Geng, Yan Yan, Yanek P\ue9pin-Dubois, Yanfu Wang, Yang Wang, Yanmeng Tian, Yaping Huang, Yechen Han, Yesenia Zambrano, Yi-Hsuan Yang, Ying Tung Sia, Yining Yang, Yitong Ma, Yolayfi Peralta, Yongjian Wu, Yu Kunwu, Yu Zhao, Yudong Peng, Yueh-Hung Lin, Yulan Zhao, Yumei Dong, Yunhai Zhao, Yutthaphan Wannasopha, Yvonne Taul, Zakir Sahul, Zalina Kudzoeva, Zbigniew Kalarus, Zeljko Z Markovic, Zhen Huang, Zheng Ji, Zhenyu Liu, Zhou Yue, Zhulin Zhang, Zhuxi Li, Zile Singh Meharwal, Ziliang Bai, Zixiang Yu, Zohra Huda, Zoltan Davidovits
- Jones P.G.
- Mark D.B
- Maron D.J.
- Mavromatis K.
- Mavromichalis S.
- Newman J.D.
- O'Brien S.M.
- Reynolds H.R.
- Rosenberg Y.
- Spertus J.A.
- Stone G.W.
- Weintraub W.S.
- Publication venue
- 'Massachusetts Medical Society'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA trial, an invasive strategy with angiographic assessment and revascularization did not reduce clinical events among patients with stable ischemic heart disease and moderate or severe ischemia. A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status among these patients. METHODS We assessed angina-related symptoms, function, and quality of life with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at randomization, at months 1.5, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter in participants who had been randomly assigned to an invasive treatment strategy (2295 participants) or a conservative strategy (2322). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate differences between the treatment groups. The primary outcome of this health-status analysis was the SAQ summary score (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status). All analyses were performed in the overall population and according to baseline angina frequency. RESULTS At baseline, 35% of patients reported having no angina in the previous month. SAQ summary scores increased in both treatment groups, with increases at 3, 12, and 36 months that were 4.1 points (95% credible interval, 3.2 to 5.0), 4.2 points (95% credible interval, 3.3 to 5.1), and 2.9 points (95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.7) higher with the invasive strategy than with the conservative strategy. Differences were larger among participants who had more frequent angina at baseline (8.5 vs. 0.1 points at 3 months and 5.3 vs. 1.2 points at 36 months among participants with daily or weekly angina as compared with no angina). CONCLUSIONS In the overall trial population with moderate or severe ischemia, which included 35% of participants without angina at baseline, patients randomly assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. The modest mean differences favoring the invasive strategy in the overall group reflected minimal differences among asymptomatic patients and larger differences among patients who had had angina at baseline
Initial invasive or conservative strategy for stable coronary disease
- Author
- Alexander K.P.
- Ali Z.A.
- Bangalore S.
- Berger J.S.
- Berman D.S.
- Bhargava B.
- Bockeria O.
- Boden W.E.
- Broderick S.
- Bruce Ferguson T.
- Chaitman B.R.
- Demkow M.
- Doerr R.
- Elghamaz A.
- Gabriel Steg P.
- Goodman S.G.
- Gosselin G.
- Harrell F.E.
- Harrington R.A.
- Held C.
- Hochman J.S.
- Hueb W.A.
- ISCHEMIA Research Group: Joseph Ricci A Tello Montoliu, A I Robero Aniorte, Abbey Mulder, Abhay A Laddu, Abhinav Goyal, Abhishek Dubey, Abhishek Goyal, Abigail Knighton, Abraham Oomman, Adam J Jaskowiak, Adam Kolodziej, Adam Witkowski, Adnan Hameed, Adriana Anesini, Afshan Hussain, Agne Juceviciene, Agne Urboniene, Agnes Jakal, Agnieszka Szramowska, Ahmad Khairuddin, Ahmed Abdel-Latif, Ahmed Adel, Ahmed Aljzeeri, Ahmed Kamal, Ahmed Talaat, Aimee Mann, Aira Contreras, Ajit Kumar, V K Kumar, Akemi Furukawa, Akshay Bagai, Akvile Smigelskaite, Alain Furber, Alain Rheault, Alaine Melanie Loehr, Alan Rosen, Albert Varga, Albertina Qelaj, Alberto Barioli, Aldo Russo, Alec Moorman, Alejandro Gisbert, Aleksandra Fratczak, Aleksandras Laucevicius, Alena Kuleshova, Alessandro Sionis, Alexander A Sirker, Alexander M Chernyavskiy, Alexandra Craft, Alexandra Vazquez, Alexandre Ciappina Hueb, Alexandre S Colafranseschi, Alexandre Schaan de Quadros, Alexandre Tognon, Ali Alghamdi, Alice Manica Muller, Aline Nogueira Raba\ue7a, Aline Peixoto Deiro, Alison Hallam, Allegra Stone, Allison Schley, Almudena Castro, Alvaro Rabelo Ales, Amanda Germann, Amanda O'Malley, Amar Uxa, Amarachi Ojajuni, Amarino C Oliveira Jr, Amber B Hull, Ambuj Roy, Amer Zarka, Amir Janmohamed, Ammani Brown, Ammy Malinay, Amparo Martinez Monzonis, Amy J Richards, Amy Iskandrian, Amy Ollinger, Ana D Djordjevic-Dikic, Ana Fern\ue1ndez Mart\uednez, Ana Gomes Almeida, Ana Paula Batista, Ana Rita Francisco, Ana S Mladenovic, Ana Santana, Anam Siddiqui, Anastasia M Kuzmina-Krutetskaya, Andras Vertes, Andre S Sousa, Andre Gabriel, Andr\ue9 Schmidt, Andrea M Lundeen, Andrea Bartykowszki, Andrea Lorimer, Andrea Mortara, Andrea Pascual, Andreia Coelho, Andreia Rocha, Andr\ue9s Garc\ueda-Rinc\uf3n, Andrew G Howarth, Andrew J Moriarty, Andrew Docherty, Andrew Starovoytov, Andrew Zurick, Andrzej \u141abyk, Andrzej Swiatkowski, Andy Lam, Anelise Kawakami, Angela Hoye, Angela Kim, Angelique Smit, Angelo Nobre, Anil V 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Zbyshevskaya, Ellen Magedanz, Ellie Fridell, Ellis W Lader, Elvin Kedhi, Emanuela Racca, Emilie Tachot, Emily DeRosa, Encarnaci\uf3n Alonso-\uc1lvarez, Eric Nicollet, Eric Peterson, Erick Alex\ue1nderson Rosas, Erick Donato Morales, Erin Orvis, Ermina Moga, Estelle Montpetit, Estevao Figueiredo, Eugene Passamani, Eugenia Nikolsky, Eunice Yeoh, Evgeniy I Kretov, Ewa Szczerba, Ewelina Wojtala, Expedito Eust\ue1quio Ribeiro Silva, F Marin Ortu\uf1o, Fabio R Farias, Fabio Fimiani, Fabrizio Rolfo, Fa-Chang Yu, Fadi Hage, Fadi Matar, Fahim Haider Jafary, Fang Feng, Fang Liu, Fatima Ranjbaran, Fatima Rodriguez, Fausto J Pinto, Fauzia Rashid, Federica Ramani, Fei Wang, Fernanda Igansi, Filipa Silva, Filippo Ottani, Fiona Haines, Firas Al Solaiman, Fl\ue1via Egydio, Flavio Lyra, Florian Egger, Fran Farquharson, Frances Laube, Francesc Carreras Costa, Francesca de Micco, Francesca Bianchini, Francesca Pezzetta, Francesca Pietrucci, Francesco Orso, Francesco Pisano, Francis Burt, Francisca Patuleia Figueiras, Francisco Fernandez-Aviles, Francois Pierre Mongeon, Frans Van de Werf, Franziska Guenther, Fraser N Witherow, Fred Mohr, Frederico Dall'Orto, Fumiyuki Otsuka, G De La Morena, G Karthikeyan, Gabor Dekany, Gabor Kerecsen, Gabriel Galeote, Gabriel Grossmann, Gabriel Vorobiof, Gabriela Sanchez de Souza, Gabriela Guzman, Gabriela Zeballos, Gabriele Gabrielli, Gabriele Jakl-Kotauschek, Gail A Shammas, Gail Brandt, Gang Chen, Gary E Lane, Gary J Luckasen, Gautam Sharma, Gelmina Mikolaitiene, Gennie Yee, Georg Nickenig, George E Revtyak, George J Juang, Gerald Fletcher, Gerald Leonard, Gerard Patrick Devlin, Gerard Esposito, Gergely \uc1goston, Gervasio Lamas, Geza Fontos, Ghada Mikhail, Gia Cobb, Gian Piero Perna, Gianpiero Leone, Giles Roditi, Gilles Barone-Rochette, Girish Mishra, Giuseppe Tarantini, Glenda Wong, Glenn S Hamroff, Glenn Rayos, Gong Cheng, Gonzalo Barge-Caballero, Goran Davidovi\u107, Goran Stankovic, Gordana Stevanovic, Grace Jingyan Wang, Grace M Young, Graceanne Wayser, Graciela Scaro, Graham S Hillis, Graham Wong, Grazyna Anna Szulczyk, Gregor Simonis, Gregory Kumkumian, Gretchen Ann Peichel, Grzegorz Gajos, Gudrun Steinmaurer, Guilherme G Rucatti, Guilherme Portugal, Guilhermina Cantinho Lopes, Guillem Pons Llad\uf3, Gunnar Frostfelt, Gurpreet S Wander, Gurpreet Gulati, Gustavo Pucci, Hafidz Abd Hadi, Haibo Zhang, Haitao Wang, Halina Marciniak, Han Chen, Hanan Kerr, Hani Najm, Hanna Douglas, Hannah Phillips, Hao Dai, Haojian Dong, Haqeel Jamil, Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai, Harry Suryapranata, Hassan Reda, Hayley Pomeroy, Heather Barrentine, Heather Golden, Heather Hurlburt, Heidi Wilson, Helen C Tucker, Helene Abergel, Hemalata Siddaram, Hermine Osseni, Herwig Schuchlenz, Hesong Zeng, Hicham Skali, Hilda Solomon, Hollie Horton, Holly Hetrick, Holly Little, Holly Park, Hongjie Chi, Hossam Mahrous, Howard A Levite, Hristo Pejkov, Huajun Li, Hugo Bloise-Adames, Hugo Marques, Hui Zhong, Hui-Min Zhang, Humayrah Hashim, Hung-I Yeh, Hussien El Fishawy, Ian Webb, Iftikhar Kullo, Igor O Grazhdankin, Ihab Hamzeh, Ikraam Hassan, Ikuko Ueda, Ileana L Pina, Ilona Tamasauskiene, Ilse Bouwhuis, Imran Arif, Ina Wenzelburger, In\ueas Zimbarra Cabrita, Ines Rodrigues, Inga H Robbins, Inga Soveri, Ingela Schnittger, Iqbal Karimullah, Ira M Dauber, Iram Rehman, Irena Peovska Mitevska, Irene Marthe Lang, Irina Subbotina, Irma Kalibataite-Rutkauskiene, Irni Yusnida, Isabel Estela Carvajal, Isabella C Palazzo, Isabelle Hogan, Isabelle Roy, Ishba Syed, Ishita Tejani, Ivan A Naryshkin, Ivana Jankovic, Iwona Niedzwiecka, J David Knight, Jacek Kusmierek, Jackie M White, Jackie Chow, Jacob Udell, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland, Jacqueline Fannon, Jacquelyn A Quin, Jacquelyn Do, Jaekyeong Heo, Jakub Maksym, James E Davies, James H O'Keefe Jr, James J Jang, James Cha, James Harrison, James Hirsch, James Stafford, James Tatoulis, Jamie Rankin, Jan Henzel, Jan Orga, Jana Tancredi, Janaina Oliveira, Jane Burton, Jane Eckstein, Jane Marucci, 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Diez, Jos\ue9 Luis Narro Villanueva, Jos\ue9 Luiz da Vieira, Jos\ue9 M Flores-Palacios, Jose Ramon Gonzalez, Jose Seijas Amigo, Jose Fragata, Josep Maria Padr\uf3, Josheph F X McGarvey Jr, Joseph Hannan, Joseph Sacco, Joseph Sweeny, Joseph Wiesel, Josephine D Abraham, Joshua P Loh, Joy Burkhardt, Joyce R White, Joyce Riestenberg-Smith, Judit Sebo, Judith L Meadows, Judith Wright, Judy Mae Foltz, Judy Hung, Judy Otis, Juergen Stumpf, Jui-Peng Tsai, Julia S Dionne, Julia de Aveiro Morata, Julie Bunke, Julie Morrow, Julio C\ue9sar Figal, Jun Fujita, Jun Jiang, Junhua Li, Junqing Yang, Juntima Euathrongchit, Jyotsna Garg, K Manjula Rani, K Preethi, Kaatje Goetschalckx, Kai Eggers, Kamalakar Surineni, Kanae Hirase, T R Kapilamoorthy, Karen Calfas, Karen Gratrix, Karen Hallett, Karen Hultberg, Karen Nugent, Karen Petrosyan, Karen Swan, Karolina Kryczka, Karolina Wojtczak-Soska, Karolina Wojtera, Karsten Lenk, Karthik Ramasamy, Katarzyna \u141uczak, Katarzyna Malinowska, Kate Pointon, Kate Robb, Katherine Martin, Kathleen Claes, Kathryn Carruthers, Kathy E Siegel, Katia Drouin, Katie Fowler-Lehman, Kavita Rawat, Kay Rowe, Keiichi Fukuda, Keith A A Fox, Ken Mahaffey, Kendra Unterbrink, Kenneth Giedd, Kerrie Van Loo, Kerry Lee, Kerstin Bonin, Kevin R Bainey, Kevin T Harley, Kevin Anstrom, Kevin Chan, Kevin Croce, Kevin Landolfo, Kevin Marzo, Keyur Patel, Khaled Abdul-Nour, Khaled Alfakih, Khaled Dajani, Khaled Ziada, Khaula Baloch, Khrystyna Kushniriuk, Kian-Keong Poh, Kim F Ireland, Kim Holland, Kimberly Ann Byrne, Kimberly E Halverson, Kimberly Elmore, Kimberly Miller-Cox, Kiran Reddy, Kirsten J Quiles, Kirsty Abercrombie, Klaus Matschke, Konrad Szymczyk, Koo Hui Chan, Kotiboinna Preethi, Kozhaya Sokhon, Krissada Meemuk, Kristian Thygesen, Kristin M Salmi, Kristin Newby, Kristina Wippler, Kristine Arges, Kristine Teoh, Krystal Etherington, Krystyna \u141oboz-Grudzie\u144, Krzysztof W Reczuch, Krzysztof Bury, Krzysztof Drzymalski, Krzysztof Kuku\u142a, Kuo-Tzu Sung, Kurt Huber, Ladda Douangvila, Lance Sullenberger, Larissa Miranda Trama, Laszlone Matics, Laura Drew, Laura Flint, Laura Keinaite, Laura Sarti, Laurel Kolakaluri, Lawrence M Phillips, Lawrence Friedman, Lawrence Phillips, Lazar Velicki, Leah Howell, Leandro C Maranan, Leanne Cox, Ledjalem Daba, Lei Zhang, Lekshmi Dharmarajan, Leo Bockeria, Leonardo Pizzol Caetano, Leonardo Bridi, Leonid L Bershtein, Leszek Sokalski, Li Hai Yan, Li Li, Lia Nijmeijer, Lidia Sousa, Lihong Xu, Lihua Zhang, Lili Zhang, Lilia Schiavi, Lilian Mazza Barbosa, Lillian L Khor, Lina Felix-Stern, Linda L Hall, Linda M Hollenweger, Linda Arcand, Linda Davidson-Ray, Linda Schwarz, Lindsey N Sikora, Lingping Chi, Lino Patricio, Liping Zhang, Lisa Chaytor, Lisa Hatch, Lisa McCloy, Lisa Wong, Liselotte Persson, Lixin Jiang, Liz Low, Ljiljana Pupic, Lo\uefc Bi\ue8re, Lorenzo Monti, Lori Christensen, Lori Pritchard, Loriane Black, Lori-Ann Desimone, Lori-Ann Larmand, Lorraine McGregor, Louise Morby, Louise Thomson, Luc Harvey, Luciana de P\ue1dua Baptista, Lucilla Garcia, Ludivine Eliahou, Ludmila Helmer, Luis F Smidt, Luis Bernanrdes, Luis Guzman, Luiz A Carvalho, Luyang Xiong, Lynette L Teo, Lynn M Neeson, Lynne Winstanley, M Barbara Srichai-Parsia, M Quintana Giner, M Sowjanya Reddy, M Vald\ue9s Ch\ue1varri, M Grazia Rossi, Maarten Simoons, Maayan Konigstein, Maciej Lesiak, Maciej Olsowka, Mafalda Selas, Magalie Corfias, Magdalena Madero Rovalo, Magdalena \u141anocha, Magdalena Miller, Magdalena Misztal-Teodorczyk, Magdalena Rantinella, Magdy Abdelhamid, Magnolia Jimenez, Mahboob Alam, Mahevamma Mylarappa, Mahfouz El Shahawy, Mahmoud Mohamed, Mahmud Al-Bustami, Majo X Joseph, Malgorzata Frach, Ma\u142gorzta Celi\u144ska-Spodar, Malte Helm, Manas Chacko, Mandy Murphy, Manitha Vinod, Manjula Rani, Manu Dhawan, Manuela Mombelli, Marcel Weber, Marcello Galvani, Marcelo Jamus Rodrigues, Marcia F Dubin, Marcia F Werner Bayer, Marcin Szkopiak, Marco Antonio Monsalve, Marco Bizzaro Santos, Marco Magnoni, Marco Marini, Marco Sicuro, Marco Zenati, Marcos Val\ue9rio Coimbra Resende, Marek Roik, Margalit Bentzvi, Margaret Gilsenan, Margaret Iraola, Margot C Quinn, Maria A Alfonso, Maria Antonieta Pereira Moraes, Mar\ueda Dolores Mart\uednez-Ru\uedz, Mar\ueda Fernanda Canales, Maria In\ueas Caetano, Maria P Corral, Maria P\ue9rez Garc\ueda, Maria Victoria Actis, Maria Aguirre, Maria Andreasson, Maria Aprile, Maria Colton, Maria Eugenia Martin, Maria Lasala, Maria Lorenzo, Maria Posada, Maria Shier, Maria Thottam, Mariana V Furtado, Mariana Yumi Okada, Marianna D A Dracoulakis, Marianne De Andrade, Mariano Rubio, Marie Essermark, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Marija T Petrovic, Marija Zdravkovic, Marilyn Black, Marina Garcia, Mario J Garcia, Mariola Szulik, Marisa Orgera, Mark A de Belder, Mark Harbinson, Mark Hyun, Mark Peterson, Mark Xavier, Marlowe Mosley, Marta Capinha, Marta Marcinkiewicz-Siemion, Marta Swiderek, Martha Meyer, Martina Ceseri, Martina Tricoli, Marvin Kronenberg, Mary Williams, Mary Ann Champagne, Mary Colleen Rogge, Mary R Soltau, Mary Streif, Massimo Villella, Massoud Leesar, Matei Claudia, Mateusz Solecki, Mat\uedas Nicol\ue1s Mungo, Matthew Wall Jr, Matthew Budoff, Matthew Jezior, Matthew Luckie, Matthias Friedrich, Mauren P Haeffner, Maximilian Tscharre, Max-Paul Winter, Mayana Almeida, Mayil S Krishnam, Mayuri Patel, Meenakshi Mishra, Megan Manocchia, Meghana Kakade, Melanie J Munro, Melissa D Chaplin, Melissa LeFevre, Mervyn Andiapen, Michael A Gibson, Michael B Rubens, Michael C Turner, Michael D Shapiro, Michael W Lee, Michael Berlowitz, Michael Davidson, Michael Mack, Michael McDaniel, Michael Mumma, Michal Wlodarczyk, Michel G Khouri, Michel S Slama, Michele Rawlins, Michelle M Bonner, Michelle M Seib, Michelle Chang, Michelle Crowder, Michelle Dixon, Michelle Mayon, Michelle McEvoy, Michelle Yee, Miguel M Fernandes, Miguel Nobre Menezes, Miguel Souto Bayarri, Miguel Barrero, Mikhail T Torosoff, Milan R Dobric, Milan Dobric, Milica Nikola Dekleva, Milind Avdhoot Gadkari, Millie Gomez, Min Tun Kyaw, Miriam Brooks, Miroslav Stevo Martinovic, Mitchel B Lustre, Mohammad Tariq Vakani, Mohammad El-Hajjar, Mohammed Al-Amoodi, Mohammed Hussain, Mohammed Saleem, Mois\ue9s Blanco-Calvo, Mois\ue9s Jim\ue9nez-Santos, Mona Bhatia, Monica Rosca, Monika Laukyte, Montserrat Gracida Blanca, Montserrat Vila Perales, Mouaz H Al-Mallah, Moys\ue9s de Oliveira Filho, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Muhamed Saric, Mulei Chen, Myriam Brousseau, Myrthes Emy Takiuti, Nada Cemerlic-Adjic, Nadia Asif, Nadia Gakou, Nafisa Hussain, Nana O Katamadze, Nancy L Clapp, Nancy Aedy, Nandita Nataraj, Nanette K Wenger, Naomi Uchida, Nasrul Ismail, Natalia S Oliveira, Natalia de Carvalho Maffei, Natalie Spitzer, Natasha C Putnam, Naved Aslam, Neamat Mowafy, Neeraj Pandit, Neeraj Parakh, Nevena Garcevic, Ngaire Meadows, Nhi N Tran, Nicholas Danchin, Nicki Lakeman, Nicola Johnston, Nicolas W Shammas, Nicole Saint Vrestil, Nicole Deming, Nier Zhong, Niket Patel, Nikola N Boskovic, Nikolaos Karogiannis, Nikos Werner, Nina Johnston, Ning Zhang, Ning Zhou, Niree Hindoyan, Nirmal Kumar, Nitika Chadha, Nitish Naik, Nodira Aripova, Noloyiso Mtana, Nona A Eskelson, Noor Syamira Mokhtar, Noppon Taksaudom, Nor Asiah Basri, Nora Marchelletta, Norma Hogg, Nungshi Jungla, Nuno Ferreira, Oksana A Lubyanaya, Olga B Nikolaeva, Olga Ca\uf1avate, Olga Sobrino, Olga Walesiak, Olga Walter, Olga Zdo\u144czyk, Olivia J Lim, Olivia Anaya, Olivia Mancilla, Olivier Dubourg, Olugbenga Bello, Omar Almousalli, Omar Thompson, Oni Olurinde, Or Harel, Osama Raheem, Oscar M\ue9ndiz, 3scar Prada-Delgado, Oz Shapira, P Christian Schulze, Pachara Panpunuan, Pal Maurovich-Horvat, Pallav Garg, Paloma Moraga, Pam Singh, Pamela Julian, Pamela Ouyang, Pamela Sigel, Pamela Woodard, Panpan Zhou, Paola Emanuela Poggio, Paola Smanio, Paolo Calabro, Paramjit Jeetley, Pascal Goube, Patricia K Nguyen, Patricia Alarie, Patricia Arakelian, Patricia Arsenault, Patricia Blaise, Patricia Brito, Patricia Cowper, Patricia Endsley, Patricia Mieses, Patrick B Alexander, Patrick Donnelly, Patrick Wilmot, Patrycja Lebioda, Paul C Gordon, Paul Der Mesropian, Paul Galiwango, Paul Hauptman, Paul Kennedy, Paula Beardsley, Paula Garc\ueda-Gonz\ue1lez, Paulo Cury Rezende, Paulo Ricardo Caramori, Pavel S Kozlov, Pedro Canas Silva, Pedro Gabriel Melo Barros E Silva, Pedro P\uedccaro de Oliveira, Pedro Carvalho, Pedro Modas, Pedro Rio, Peeyush Jain, Peiyu He, Peter A McCullough, Peter H Stone, Peter M Pollak, Peter Douglass, Peter Henriksen, Peter OKane, Peter Ong, Philip Jones, Philip Rogal, Philippe G\ue9n\ue9reux, Philippe Menasche, Philippe Rheault, Phoebe Goold, Pierre Gervais, Pierre Michaud, Pilar Calvillo, Ping Chai, Piotr Jakubowski, Piotr Pruszczyk, Piotr Slomka, Piyamitr Sritara, Poay-Huan Loh, Poonam Sonawane, Pouneh Samadi, Pragnesh P Parikh, Prakash Deedwania, Pranav M Patel, Praneeth Polamuri, Pratiksha Sharma, Precilia Vasquez, Preeti Kamath, Prince Thomas, Priyadarshani Arambam, Puja K Mehta, Purvez Grant, Pushpa Naik, Qi Zhong, Qian Zhao, Qiang Zhou, Qianqian Yuan, Qin Yu, Qingxian Li, Qiulan Xie, Qiutang Zeng, R J Vindhya, R James Gerlach, Rachel King, Rada Vu\u10di\u107, Radmila Lyubarova, Radoslaw Pracon, Raewyn Fisher, Rafael Beyar, Rafael Diaz, Rafael Selgas, Raffaele Bugiardini, Raffaele Fanelli, Raisa Kavalakkat, V S Rajalekshmi, Rajat S Barua, Rajeev Menon, Rajesh Gopalan Nair, Rajesh Francis, Rajiv Narang, Rakesh Yadav, Ralph Alan Huston, T Ramakrishnan, Ramesh de Silva, Rami El Mahmoud, Ramiro Carvalho, Ramon de Jes\ufas-P\ue9rez, Ramona Stevens, Ran Leng, Ranjan Kachru, Ranjit Kumar Nath, Raquel Sanchez, Raven R Dwyer, Raven Lee, Ray Wyman, Raymond C Wong, Raymond W Little, Raymundo Ocaranza Sanchez, Rebecca J Wimmer, Rebecca Bariciano, Rebecca Otis, Rebekah R Herrmann, Reem Yunis, Reinette Hampson, Renato Abdala Karam, Renee C Hessian, Renee Kaneshiro, Reshma Ravindran, Reto Andreas Gamma, Reyna Bhandari, Reza Arsanjani, Ricardo L Lopes, Ricardo Mendes Oliveira, Ricardo Costa, Richa Bhatt, Richard F Davies, Richard H J Trimlett, Richard Goldweit, Rik Hermanides, Rine Nakanishi, Rinu R Sidh, Risha Patel, Rita Coram, Rizwan A Siddiqui, Rob S Beanlands, Robert J Hamburger, Robert K Riezebos, Robert M Donnino, Robert Bojar, Robert Chilton, Robert Guyton, Robert Henderson, Robert Kornberg, Robert Leber, Robert Mao, Robert Stenberg, Roberta P Santos, Roberto Ren\ue9 Favaloro, Roberto Amati, Rodolfo G S D Lima, Rodrigo J Cerci, Rogerio Tumelero, Rohit Tandon, Roma Tewari, Romalisa Miranda-Peats, Ron Wald, Ronald A Mastouri, Ronald G Morford, Ronald G Schwartz, Ronald P Pedalino, Rongrong Hu, Ronnell A Hansen, Ronny A Cohen, Rory Hachamovitch, Rosa Homem, Rosa Sandonato, Rosane Laimer, Rosann Gans, Roxanne Yost, Roy Mathew, Rub\ue9n Bale\uf3n-Espinosa, Ruben Ramos, Rubine Gevorgyan, Rui Ferreira, Rui Jing, Ruth P\ue9rez-Fern\ue1ndez, S K Dwivedi, S Ramakrishnan, Saadat Khan, Sabahat Bokhari, Sabu Thomas, Sadath Lubna, Sajeeda Parveen Khan, Sajeev Chakanalil Govindan, Saket Girotra, Saleem Kassam, Sallie Canada, Salvador Cruz-Flores, Samaa Mohamed, Samantha Ly, Sameh El Kaffas, Samia Massalha, Sampoornima Setty, Samuel Nwosu, Sandeep Seth, Sandeep Singh, Sander R Niehe, Sandra M Rivest, Sandra S Zier, Sandra Ahoud, Sandy Carr, Sanjay Ganapathi, Sanjay Shetty, Sanjeev Sharma, Santa Jimenez, Santhosh Satheesh, Santiago A Garcia, Sara Fernandez, Sara Karlsson, Sara Salkind, Sara Temiyasathit, Sarah Medina Rodriguez, Sarah Beaudry, Sarah Hadjih, Sarah Williams, Sarah Zahrani, Sarju Ralhan, Sasa Hinic, Sasko Kedev, Satinder Singh, Satoshi Yasuda, Satvic Cholenahally Manjunath, Sau Lee, Scott M Kaczkowski, Scott Kinlay, Sean W Hayes, Sebastian Sobczak, Senait Asier, Sergey A Sayganov, Seth I Sokol, Shaheen Pandie, Shaiful Azmi Yahaya, Shamir Mehta, Shao-Ping Nie, Sharad Chandra, Sharder Islam, Sharon Tai, Sheetal Rupesh Karwa, Sheri Ussery, Sheromani Bajaj, Sherron C Crook, Shigeyuki Nishimura, Shintaro Nakano, Shirin Heydari, Shiv Kumar Choudhary, Shivali Patel, Shobana Ganesan, Shruti Pandey, Shuyang Zhang, Shweta Hande, Siddharth Gadage, Sik-Yin V Tan, Silvia Zottis Poletti, Silvia Riera, Silvia Valbuena, Simon Walsh, Simona Maspoli, Simone Savaris, Si-Ting Feng, So Yang Cho, Solomon Yakubov, Songlin Zhu, Songtao Wang, Sonia Guerrero, Sonika Gupta, Sonja Salinger Martinovic, Sonya Brons, Sorin Brener, Sothinathan Gurunathan, Souheil Saba, Soundarya Nayak, Sowjanya Reddy, Srinivasa Potluri, Sriram Sudarshan, Srun Kuanprasert, Stacie Van Oosterhout, Stamatios Lerakis, Stanley E Cobos, Stefan C Bertog, Stefan M Simovi\u107, Stefan Weikl, Stefano Di Marco, Stefano Provasoli, Stephanie A Tirado, Stephanie C Boer, Stephanie M Lane, Stephanie Ferket, Stephanie Kelly, Stephanie Wasmiller, Stephen H McKellar, Stephen P Hoole, Stephen Fremes, Stephen Preston, Steve Leung, Steven A Fein, Steven J Lindsay, Steven P Sedlis, Steven Giovannone, Steven Michael, Steven Weitz, Stijn van Vugt, Subhash Banerjee, Sudhir Naik, Suellen Hosino, Sukie Desire, Sukit Yamwong, Suku T Thambar, Sulagna Mookherjee, Suman Singh, Sundeep Mishra, Sunil Kumar Verma, Supap Kulthawong, Supatchara Khwakhong, Surendra Naik, Suresh Babu, Surin Woragidpoonpol, Suryaprakash Narayanappa, Susan Derbyshire, Susan Gent, Susan Mathus, Susan Milbrandt, Susan Moore, Susan Regan, Susan Stinson, Susan Webber, Susana Silva, Susanna Stevens, Susanne Gruensfelder, Suthara Aramcharoen, Suvarna Kolhe, Suzana Tavares, Suzanne Arnold, Suzanne Welsh, Svetlana Apostolovic, Swapna Kunhunny, Ta-Chuan Hung, Taissa Zappernick, Tali Sharir, Talita Silva, Tamara Colai\ue1covo Soares, Tapan Umesh Pillay, Tarun K Mittal, Tatiana Trifonova, Tauane Bello Duarte, Tauqir Huk, T\ue9odora Dutoiu, Terrance Chua, Terry Weyand, Thabitha Charles, Theodoros Kofidis, Theresa McCreary, Thierry Lefevre, Thippeekaa Arumairajah, Thitipong Tepsuwan, Thomas J Mulhearn, Thomas M Meyer, Thomas P Rocco, Thomas R Downes, Thomas Crain, Thomas Haldis, Thomas Mathew, Thomas Redick, Thounaojam Indira Devi, Thuraia Nageh, Tia Cauthren, Tiago Silva, Tiffany Little, Tijana Andric, Tina Harding, Titus Lau, Tiziana Formisano, Tiziano Moccetti, Tomasz Ciurus, Tomasz Mazurek, Tomasz Tarchalski, Toshiyuki Nagai, Tri Tran, Tricia Youn, Trish Tucker, Trudie Milner, Tuhina Bose, Tushar Kotecha, Udo Sechtem, Uma S Valeti, Umberto Cucchini, Umesh Badami, Upendra Kaul, V K Bahl, V S Narain, Valentina Casali, Valeria Godoy, Valerie Robesyn, Vamshi P Priya, Vandana Yadav, Vera McKinney, Veronica De Lenges, Veronica Tinnirello, Vicente Miro, Victor Navarro, Victoria Gumerova, Victoria Hernandez, Vidya Seeratan, Vijay Kumar, Vikentiy Y Kozulin, Viktoria Bulkley, Vilmar Veiga Jr, Vincent Setang, C P Vineeth, Virginai Pubull Nu\uf1ez, Virginia Fern\ue1ndez-Figares, Vitor Gomes, Viviana Gabriel, Viviane Dos Santos, Viviane Almeida, Vlad A Iliescu, Vladan Mudrenovic, Vladimir Dzavik, Vojislav L Giga, Walter Enrique Mogrovejo, Wan Xian Chan, Wanda C Marfori, Wanda Parker, Warangkana Mekara, Wassim Nona, Wayne Old, Wayne Pennachi, Weerachai Nawarawong, Wei Chen, Wei Su, Weibing Xing, Wei-Ren Lan, Wenda Crawford, Wendy L Stewart, Wendy Drewes, Wenhua Lin, William B Abernethy, William D Salerno, William F Fearon, William Vergoni, William Weintraub, Winnie C Sia, Wlodzimierz J Musial, Xacobe Flores-R\uedos, Xavier Garcia-Moll Marimon, Xi Su, Xiang Ma, Xiangqiong Gu, Xiao Wang, Xiaomei Li, Xiaowei Yao, Xin Fu, Xin Su, Xin Zeng, Xinchun Yang, Xiuhong Li, Xuehua Fang, Xutong Wang, Yaming Geng, Yan Yan, Yanek P\ue9pin-Dubois, Yanfu Wang, Yang Wang, Yanmeng Tian, Yaping Huang, Yechen Han, Yesenia Zambrano, Yi-Hsuan Yang, Ying Tung Sia, Yining Yang, Yitong Ma, Yolayfi Peralta, Yongjian Wu, Yu Kunwu, Yu Zhao, Yudong Peng, Yueh-Hung Lin, Yulan Zhao, Yumei Dong, Yunhai Zhao, Yutthaphan Wannasopha, Yvonne Taul, Zakir Sahul, Zalina Kudzoeva, Zbigniew Kalarus, Zeljko Z Markovic, Zhen Huang, Zheng Ji, Zhenyu Liu, Zhou Yue, Zhulin Zhang, Zhuxi Li, Zile Singh Meharwal, Ziliang Bai, Zixiang Yu, Zohra Huda, Zoltan Davidovits
- Jeffries N.O.
- John Mancini G.B.
- Keltai M.
- Kirby R.
- Kohsaka S.
- Krishnan M.N.
- Kwong R.Y.
- Lopes R.D.
- Lopez-Sendon J.
- Maggioni A.P.
- Mark D.B.
- Maron D.J.
- Mavromatis K.
- Mavromichalis S.
- Miller T.D.
- Min J.K.
- Moorthy N.
- Newman J.D.
- O'Brien S.M.
- Peteiro J.
- Picard M.H.
- Reynolds H.R.
- Rockhold F.W.
- Rosenberg Y
- Ruzyllo W.
- Selvanayagam J.B.
- Senior R.
- Shaw L.J.
- Sidhu M.S.
- Spertus J.A.
- Stone G.W.
- Szwed H.
- White H.D.
- Williams D.O.
- Publication venue
- 'Massachusetts Medical Society'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
BACKGROUND Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. METHODS We randomly assigned 5179 patients with moderate or severe ischemia to an initial invasive strategy (angiography and revascularization when feasible) and medical therapy or to an initial conservative strategy of medical therapy alone and angiography if medical therapy failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. A key secondary outcome was death from cardiovascular causes or myocardial infarction. RESULTS Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive-strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, 121.8 percentage points; 95% CI, 124.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive-strategy group and 144 deaths in the conservative-strategy group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death from any cause over a median of 3.2 years. The trial findings were sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction that was used