12,119 research outputs found
Advertising as a Reminder:Evidence from the Dutch State Lottery
We use high frequency data on TV and radio advertising together with data on online sales for lottery tickets to measure the short run effects of advertising. We find them to be strong and to last for up to about 4 hours. They are the bigger the less time there is until the draw. We develop the argument that this finding is consistent with the idea that advertisements remind consumers to buy a ticket and that consumers value this. Then, we point out that in terms of timing the interests of the firm and the consumers are aligned: consumers wish to be reminded in a way that makes them most likely to consider buying a lottery ticket. We present direct evidence that this does not only affect the timing of purchases, but leads to market expansion. Then, we develop a tractable dynamic structural model of consumer behavior, estimate the parameters of this model and simulate the effects of a number of counterfactual dynamic advertising strategies. We find that relative to the actual schedule it would be valued by the consumers and profitable for the firm to spread advertising less over time and move it to the last days before the draw
Unitarity of the Higher Dimensional Standard Model
We study the unitarity of the standard model (SM) in higher dimensions. We
show that the essential features of SM unitarity remain after compactification,
and place bounds on the highest Kaluza-Klein (KK) level N_KK and the Higgs mass
m_H in the effective four-dimensional (4d) low-energy theory. We demonstrate
these general observations by explicitly analyzing the effective 4d KK theory
of a compactified 5d SM on S^1/Z_2. The nontrivial energy cancellations in the
scattering of longitudinal KK gluons or KK weak bosons, a consequence of the
geometric Higgs mechanism, are verified. In the case of the electroweak gauge
bosons, the longitudinal KK states also include a small mixture from the KK
Higgs excitations. With the analyses before and after compactification, we
derive the strongest bounds on N_KK from gauge KK scattering. Applying these
bounds to higher-dimensional SUSY GUTs implies that only a small number of KK
states can be used to accelerate gauge coupling unification. As a consequence,
we show that the GUT scale in the 5d minimal SUSY GUT cannot be lower than
about 10^{14} GeV.Comment: Version in Phys. Lett. B (minor typos fixed, refs added
Topological phase due to electric dipole moment and magnetic monopole interaction
We show that there is an anologous Aharonov-Casher effect on a neutral
particle with electric dipole moment interacting with a magnetic filed produced
by magnetic monopoles.Comment: 8 page
Meson Mixing in Pion Superfluid
We investigate meson mixing and meson coupling constants in pion superfluid
in the framework of two flavor NJL model at finite isospin density. The mixing
strength develops fast with increasing isospin chemical potential, and the
coupling constants in normal phase and in the pion superfluid phase behave very
differently.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. Updates from version 2: 1, Correct Some language
mistakes and Some errors in the cited references. 2, Rewrite the last
sentence in the summary to indicate a possible way to measure the
isospin-asymmetry related meson propertie
Interpreting Magnetic Variance Anisotropy Measurements in the Solar Wind
The magnetic variance anisotropy () of the solar wind has been
used widely as a method to identify the nature of solar wind turbulent
fluctuations; however, a thorough discussion of the meaning and interpretation
of the has not appeared in the literature. This paper explores
the implications and limitations of using the as a method for
constraining the solar wind fluctuation mode composition and presents a more
informative method for interpreting spacecraft data. The paper also compares
predictions of the from linear theory to nonlinear turbulence
simulations and solar wind measurements. In both cases, linear theory compares
well and suggests the solar wind for the interval studied is dominantly
Alfv\'{e}nic in the inertial and dissipation ranges to scales .Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical
Journa
Competition of ferromagnetism and superconductivity in Sc3InB
We present results of electronic structure calculations for intermetallic
perovskite Sc3InB with Full--Potential KKR-LDA method. Sc3InB is very promising
candidate for a new superconductor (related to 8K MgCNi3) and can be regarded
as a boron-inserted cubic Sc3In, which is a high--pressure allotropic form of
the hexagonal weak ferromagnet Sc3In. We predict that cubic Sc3In can be also
magnetic, whereas Sc3InB having large DOS in the vicinity of EF exhibits
non-magnetic ground state. Estimation of the electron--phonon coupling for
Sc3InB gives . Furthermore, the effect of vacancy in
Sc3InB{1-x} and antisite disorder in Sc3(In-B) on critical parameters is also
discussed in view of KKR--CPA method. All theoretical results support
possibility of the superconductivity onset in Sc3InB. Preliminary experimental
measurements established the transition temperature close to 4.5 K, with a very
abrupt change in susceptibility and a correlated drop of the resistivity when
cooling down.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Conference Paper, presented at European
Conference Physics of Magnetism'05, 24-27.06.2005, Poznan, POLAND. Reference
correcte
The distributional consequences of tax reforms under capital-skill complementarity
This paper analyses wage inequality and the welfare effects of changes in capital and labour income tax rates for different types of agents. To achieve this, we develop a model that allows for capital–skill complementarity given non-uniform distributions of asset holdings and labour skills. We find that capital tax reductions lead to the highest aggregate welfare gains but are skill-biased and thus increase inequality. However, our analysis also shows that the inequality effects of capital tax reductions are lower over the transition period compared with the long run
Muon Acceleration in Cosmic-ray Sources
Many models of ultra-high energy cosmic-ray production involve acceleration
in linear accelerators located in Gamma-Ray Bursts magnetars, or other sources.
These source models require very high accelerating gradients, keV/cm,
with the minimum gradient set by the length of the source. At gradients above
1.6 keV/cm, muons produced by hadronic interactions undergo significant
acceleration before they decay. This acceleration hardens the neutrino energy
spectrum and greatly increases the high-energy neutrino flux. We rule out many
models of linear acceleration, setting strong constraints on plasma wakefield
accelerators and on models for sources like Gamma Ray Bursts and magnetars.Comment: 5 pgs. submitted for publicatio
Magnetic studies of Ca1-xMxRuO3 (M=La and Sr)
CaRuO3 is a perovskite with an orthorhombic distortion and shows the
characteristics of spin-glass behavior below TC=87 K. The La3+ substitution for
Ca2+ in Ca1-xLaxRuO3 samples, induces a disorder in the Ca site (the A site)
and the system becomes antiferromagnetically (AFM) ordered with TN = 58 and 19
K for x=0.1 x=0.5 respectively. In the Ca1-xSrxRuO3 system, the Ca0.8Sr0.2RuO3
sample is canted-AFM ordered at 107 K. The compounds with higher Sr
concentration display ferromagnetic behavior and the saturation moment
increases with Sr. Huge magnetic hysteresis loops are obtained at low
temperatures. The coercive field (HC) decreases with Sr. For x=0.4 HC =9.5 kOe
(at 5 K) whereas for SrRuO3 HC =2.4 kOe. For x=0.4 and 0.6, HC decreases
sharply with temperature and than increases again with a peak at 95 and 115 K,
respectively. On the other hand, for SrRuO3, HC remains practically unchanged
up to 50 K and shows a peak at 90 K and than decrease sharply up to TC =165 K.Comment: This paper was submitted to JMM
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