ETA, DISCO, ODISCO, and F

Two coefficients are proposed for measuring the extent of overlap in distributions as a direct function of the variance between the arithmetic means (»disco« and »odisco «). They are designed to answer such questions as: »Given the value of a numerical variable x, to which population should an individual be assigned so that minimum error would be incurred?« This is just the reverse of the question addressed by ANOVA. These coefficients are shown to be analytic in x and they are related to. Pearson's eta and Fisher's F. Extensions of these coefficients (designed for univariate, one way discrimination) to k-way and multivariate discriminant analysis and measurement of »interaction « are suggested

Cumulative exposure to lead and cognition in persons with Parkinson's disease

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/96653/1/mds25247.pd

Clinical Problems in the Hospitalized Parkinson's Disease Patient: Systematic Review

The problems Parkinson's disease (PD) patients encounter when admitted to a hospital, are known to be numerous and serious. These problems have been inventoried through a systematic review of literature on reasons for emergency and hospital admissions in PD patients, problems encountered during hospitalization, and possible solutions for the encountered problems using the Pubmed database. PD patients are hospitalized in frequencies ranging from 7 to 28% per year. PD/parkinsonism patients are approximately one and a half times more frequently and generally 2 to 14 days longer hospitalized than non-PD patients. Acute events occurring during hospitalization were mainly urinary infection, confusion, and pressure ulcers. Medication errors were also frequent adverse events. During and after surgery PD patients had an increased incidence of infections, confusion, falls, and decubitus, and 31% of patients was dissatisfied in the way their PD was managed. There are only two studies on medication continuation during surgery and one analyzing the effect of an early postoperative neurologic consultation, and numerous case reports, and opinionated views and reviews including other substitutes for dopaminergic medication intraoperatively. In conclusion, most studies were retrospective on small numbers of patients. The major clinical problems are injuries, infections, poor control of PD, and complications of PD treatment. There are many (un-researched) proposals for improvement. A substantial number of PD patients' admissions might be prevented. There should be guidelines concerning the hospitalized PD patients, with accent on early neurological consultation and team work between different specialities, and incorporating nonoral dopaminergic replacement therapy when necessary. © 2011 Movement Disorder Societ

The evaluation of multiple and partial correlation coefficients from the factorial matrix

This paper shows how to compute multiple correlation coefficients, partial correlation coefficients, and regression coefficients from the factorial matrix. Special emphasis is given to computation technique and to approximation formulas. The method is extremely flexible in application since it may be applied to any subset of the original set of observed variables. It is also extremely useful when many of these coefficients are desired.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45741/1/11336_2005_Article_BF02288567.pd

The role of relational resilience in teachers’ career-long commitment and effectiveness

At a time when the contemporary landscape of teaching is populated with successive and persisting government policy reforms that have increased teachers’ external accountabilities, work complexity, and emotional workload, understanding why and how many teachers are able to sustain their capacity to be resilient and continue to work for improvement is an important quality retention issue. The purpose of this paper is to build upon but take further current understanding of resilience in teachers by exploring in greater depth the nature of resilience in teachers as a relational concept and the ways in which it may be related to the learning and achievement of their pupils. The empirical basis of the paper draws upon analyses of twice yearly semi-structured face-to-face interview data from 300 teachers in different phases of their careers in 100 primary and secondary schools in England over a consecutive three-year period. Through these analyses, the paper contributes additional empirical evidence to the emerging but still limited literature on the factors which influence teachers’ capacity to be resilient. The paper concludes with a consideration of the implication of the findings for the quality retention of teachers