Atrioventricular thrombus in a 14-year-old patient: a case report

Right atrioventricular thrombus was diagnosed by echocardiography in a 14-year-old boy. Thrombus was reached through the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery and it was caused to tricuspit valve insufficiency. Surgical thrombectomy was performed and, he was treated with oral anticoagulation in postoperative period

Genetics of immunoglobulin-A vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura): An updated review

Immunoglobulin-A vasculitis (IgAV) is classically a childhood small-sized blood vessel vasculitis with predominant involvement of the skin. Gastrointestinal and joint manifestations are common in patients diagnosed with this condition. Nephritis, which is more severe in adults, constitutes the most feared complication of this vasculitis. The molecular bases underlying the origin of IgAV have not been completely elucidated. Nevertheless, several pieces of evidence support the claim that genes play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region is, until now, the main genetic factor associated with IgAV pathogenesis. Besides a strong association with HLA class II alleles, specifically HLA-DRB1 alleles, HLA class I alleles also seem to influence on the predisposition of this disease. Other gene polymorphisms located outside the HLA region, including those coding cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules as well as those related to T-cells, aberrant glycosylation of IgA1, nitric oxide production, neoangiogenesis, renin-angiotensin system and lipid, Pyrin and homocysteine metabolism, may be implicated not only in the predisposition to IgAV but also in its severity. An update of the current knowledge of the genetic component associated with the pathogenesis of IgAV is detailed in this review.Acknowledgements: RL-Mis supported by the Miguel Servet I programme of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the grant CP16/ 00033. FG is recipient of a Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship from the “Instituto Carlos III de Salud” at the Spanish Ministry of Health (Spain) (CD15/00095). SR-M is supported by funds from the RETICS Program (RIER) (RD16/0012/0009). FDC is supported by the Ramón y Cajal programme of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the grant RYC-2014-16458

Hamitabat petroleum system in the Thrace Basin, Turkey

Since the first drill in 1957, three oil, 19 gas and condensate fields have been discovered in the Thrace Basin. However, any petroleum system with its essential elements and processes has not been assigned yet. This study consists of two parts, (1) geochemical overview of the previous work in order to get a necessary help to construct a petroleum system and (2) calculation of quantitative undiscovered hydrocarbon resources generated from this system. An extensive overview study showed that the primary reservoir and source rocks in the Thrace Basin are the Middle Eocene Hamitabat sandstones and shales, respectively, hence it appears that the most effective petroleum system of the Thrace Basin becomes the Hamitabat (!) petroleum system. Currently, 18.5 billion m(3) of in-place gas, 2.0 million m(3) (12.7 million bbl) in-place waxy oil as well as minor amount of associated condensate were discovered from this system. This study showed that the regional distribution of the oil and gas fields almost overlapped with the previously constructed pod of active Hamitabat shales implying that short and up-dip vertical migration pathway of hydrocarbons from the source to trapping side was available. Thermal model demonstrated that hydrocarbon generation from the Hamitabat shales commenced in the Early Miocene. The amount of quantitative gas generation based on the mean-original TOC=0.94 wt%, mean-original HI =217 HC/g TOC and the volume of the pod of active source rock=49 km(3) is approximately 110 billion m(3) of gaseous hydrocarbons that results in a high generation-accumulation efficiency of 17% when 18.5 billion m(3) of already discovered hydrocarbons are considered. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Inhibition of decomposition of sodium metaborate 1-peroxohydrate 3-hydrate in aqueous solution by montmorillonitic and sepiolitic clays. Part II

Rodopman K., Gurgey I. Inhibition of decomposition of sodium metaborate 1-peroxohydrate 3-hydrate in aqueous solution by montmorillonitic and sepiolitic clays. Part II. In: Bulletin du Groupe français des argiles. Tome 26, fascicule 2, 1974. pp. 181-191

Inhibition of decomposition of sodium metaborate 1-peroxohydrate in aqueous solution by montmorillonitic. and sepiolitic clays. Part I

In this part, the authors present a study upon the inhibition effect of montmorillonitic and sepiolitic clays with low MgO content on the decomposition of sodium metaborate 1-peroxohydrate 3-hydrate.Dans cette partie, les auteurs présentent une étude sur l'effet inhibiteur d'argiles de type montmorillonite et sépiolite à faible teneur en MgO sur la décomposition du métaborate 1-peroxohydrate 3-hydrate de sodium.Rodopman K., Gurgey I. Inhibition of decomposition of sodium metaborate 1-peroxohydrate in aqueous solution by montmorillonitic. and sepiolitic clays. Part I. In: Bulletin du Groupe français des argiles. Tome 26, fascicule 2, 1974. pp. 173-179

graben system, Denizli - Saraykoy, western Turkey

The KB-5 well is located at the intersection of the geothermally active Menderes and Gediz graben systems in western Turkey. Significant volumes of "petroleum-like material" (PLM) with its associated thermal water (120 degrees C) erupted onto the surface during drilling from a depth of 120-132 m (i.e., from the claystone and marl-rich Early to Middle Pliocene Kolonkoya formation). The purpose of this paper is: (1) to characterize this PLM, (2) to assess the source characteristics from which the PLM was likely generated, and (3) to recognize the generation mechanism considering the geothermal-gradual versus the hydrothermal-rapid processes. Analytical organic geochemistry using thin layer chromatographic separation followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was carried out. The PLM is composed primarily of polar NSO compounds + asphaltenes (77%). This feature is similar to hydrothermal petroleums (e.g., Calcite Springs, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming). The PLM shows n-alkanes ranging from n-C-19 to n-C-38 (i.e., with a maximum at n-C-30) but n-alkanes are depleted in %C-27 alpha alpha alpha R] suggest that the PLM is a petroleum and was most likely generated from a Tertiary source rock with a carbonate-clay-rich lithology. The source organic matter was predominantly terrestrial and bacterial detritus deposited in relatively saline - anoxic environmental conditions. Maturity sensitive biomarker parameters (i.e., T-m > T-s; C-29 sterane 20S/(20S + 20R)=0.35; C-32 hopane 22S/(22S+22R)=0.57; low diasterane/regular sterane ratio) correspond to a maturity level of approximately 0.50-0.60% R-o. This level of maturation could not be reached by such a young (Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene) and shallow sedimentary column (max. 600 m) in the absence of "instantaneous" hydrothermal activity. PAHs are not detectable, but series of alkylbenzenes, alkyltoluenes, alk-1-enes and triaromatic steranes are present. The lack of organic richness and maturity in the drilled section of the KB-5 well indicates that the petroleum was generated in the deeper sections of the formation. The temperature profile of the well and composition of the hydrocarbons in the petroleum suggest that the temperature of the hydrothermal activity during hydrocarbon generation was < 180 degrees C. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Turkey

The Tertiary Thrace Basin located in NW Turkey comprises 9 km of clastic-sedimentary column ranging in age from Early Eocene to Recent in age. Fifteen natural gas and 10 associated condensate samples collected from the I I different gas fields along the NW-SE extending zone of the northern portion of the basin were evaluated on the basis of their chemical and individual C isotopic compositions. For the purpose of the study, the genesis of CH4, thermogenic C2+ gases, and associated condensates were evaluated separately.Methane appears to have 3 origins: Group-1 CH4 is bacteriogenic (Calculated delta(13)C(C1-C) = -61.48%.; Silivri Field) and found in Oligocene reservoirs and mixed with the thermogenic Group-2 CH4. They probably formed in the Upper Oligocene coal and shales deposited in a marshy-swamp environment of fluvio-deltaic settings. Group-2 (delta(13)C(C1-C) = -35.80 parts per thousand; Hamitabat Field) and Group-3 (delta(13)C(1-C) = -49.10 parts per thousand; Degirmenkoy Field) methanes are thermogenic and share the same origin with the Group-2 and Group-3 C2+ gases. The Group-2 C2+ gases include 63% of the gas fields. They are produced from both Eocene (overwhelmingly) and Oligocene reservoirs. These gases were almost certainly generated from isotopically heavy terrestrial kerogen (delta(13)C = -21 parts per thousand) present in the Eocene deltaic Hamitabat shales. The Group-3 C2+ gases, produced from one field, were generated from isotopically light marine kerogen (delta(13)C = -29 parts per thousand). Lower Oligocene Mezardere shales deposited in pro-deltaic settings are believed to be the source of these gases.The bulk and individual n-alkane isotopic relationships between the rock extracts, gases, condensates and oils from the basin differentiated two Groups of condensates, which can be genetically linked to the Group-2 and -3 thermogenic C2+ gases. However, it is crucial to note that condensates do not necessarily correlate to their associated gases.Maturity assessments on the Group-1 and -2 thermogenic gases based on their estimated initial kerogen isotope values (delta(13)C = -21 parts per thousand; -29 parts per thousand) and on the biomarkers present in the associated condensates reveal that all the hydrocarbons including gases, condensates and oils are the products of primary cracking at the early mature st age (R-eq = 0.55-0.81%). It is demonstrated that the open-system source conditions required for such an early-mature hydrocarbon expulsion exist and are supported by fault systems of the basin. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.C1 Univ Pamukkale, Geol Engn Dept, TR-20070 Denizli, Turkey.Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.High Bank House, Tenbury Wells WR15 8JJ, Worcs, England.Turkish Petr Corp, Explorat Grp, Ankara, Turkey

Novel mutations in Turkish hemophilia A patients

WOS: 00007452280068