Game development with game maker, flash and unity

This tutorial will present and compare three software platforms for developing video games: Game Maker, Flash and Unity Pro. Game Maker is suited for developing quick prototypes. Flash is a natural choice for production of web-based software and Unity is a good choice for gamers who wish to develop and deploy their products to a multitude of platforms. The first part will involve modifying and creating games with game maker. The second part will involve modifying and creating games with flash. The third part will focus on unity. Finally, a discussion on the pros and cons of each platform is presented. © 2011 Author

Control of polarization and mode mapping of small volume high Q micropillars

We show that the polarization of the emission of a single quantum dot embedded within a microcavity pillar of elliptical cross section can be completely controlled and even switched between two orthogonal linear polarizations by changing the coupling of the dot emission with the polarized photonic modes. We also measure the spatial profle of the emission of a series of pillars with different ellipticities and show that the results can be well described by simple theoretical modeling of the modes of an infinite length elliptical cylinder

Overall Picture Of Expressed Heat Shock Factors In Glycine Max, Lotus Japonicusand Medicago Truncatula

Heat shock (HS) leads to the activation of molecular mechanisms, known as HS-response, that prevent damage and enhance survival under stress. Plants have a flexible and specialized network of Heat Shock Factors (HSFs), which are transcription factors that induce the expression of heat shock proteins. The present work aimed to identify and characterize the Glycine maxHSF repertory in the Soybean Genome Project (GENOSOJA platform), comparing them with other legumes (Medicago truncatulaand Lotus japonicus) in view of current knowledge of Arabidopsis thaliana. The HSF characterization in leguminous plants led to the identification of 25, 19 and 21 candidate ESTs in soybean, Lotusand Medicago, respectively. A search in the SuperSAGE libraries revealed 68 tags distributed in seven HSF gene types. From the total number of obtained tags, more than 70% were related to root tissues (water deficit stress libraries vs.controls), indicating their role in abiotic stress responses, since the root is the first tissue to sense and respond to abiotic stress. Moreover, as heat stress is related to the pressure of dryness, a higher HSF expression was expected at the water deficit libraries. On the other hand, expressive HSF candidates were obtained from the library inoculated with Asian Soybean Rust, inferring crosstalk among genes associated with abiotic and biotic stresses. Evolutionary relationships among sequences were consistent with different HSF classes and subclasses. Expression profiling indicated that regulation of specific genes is associated with the stage of plant development and also with stimuli from other abiotic stresses pointing to the maintenance of HSF expression at a basal level in soybean, favoring its activation under heat-stress conditions. © 2012, Sociedade Brasileira de Genética.35SUPPL.1247259Altschul, S.F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E.W., Lipman, D.J., Basic local alignment search tool (1990) J Mol Biol, 215, pp. 403-410Baniwal, S.K., Chan, K.Y., Scharf, K.-D., Nover, L., Role of heat stress transcription factor HsfA5 as specific repressor of HsfA4* (2007) J Biol Chem, 282, pp. 3605-3613Bharti, K., Schimidt, E., Lyck, R., Bublak, D., Scharf, K.-D., Isolation and characterization of HsfA3, a new heat stress transcription factor of Lycopersicon peruvianum (2000) Plant J, 22, pp. 355-365Bharti, K., von Koskull-Döring, P., Bharti, S., Kumar, P., Tintschl-Körbitzer, A., Treuter, E., Nover, L., Tomato heat stress transcription factor HsfB1 represents a novel type of general transcription coactivator with a histone-like motif interacting with HAC1/CBP (2004) Plant Cell, 16, pp. 1521-1535Efeoglu, B., Heat shock proteins and heat shock response in plants (2009) G U J Sci, 22, pp. 67-75Eisen, M.B., Spellman, P.T., Brown, P.O., Botstein, D., Cluster analysis and display of genome-wide expression patterns (1998) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 95, pp. 14863-14868Fehr, W.R., Caviness, C.E., Burmood, D.T., Pennington, I.S., Stage of development descriptions for soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merrill (1971) Crop Sci, 11, pp. 929-931Fehr, W.R., Caviness, C.E., (1977) Stage of Soybean Development, p. 12. , Special Report n. 80. Ames, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, IowaGlombitza, S., Dubuis, P.-H., Thulke, O., Welzl, G., Bovet, L., Götz, M., Affenzeller, M., Asnaghi, C., Crosstalk and differential response to abiotic and biotic stressors reflected at the transcriptional level of effector genes from secondary metabolism (2004) Plant Mol Biol, 54, pp. 817-835Heerklotz, D., Doring, P., Bonzelius, F., Winkelhaus, S., Nover, L., The balance of nuclear import and export determines the intracellular distribution and function of tomato heat stress transcription factor HsfA2 (2001) Mol Cell Biol, 21, pp. 1759-1768Hoagland, D., Arnon, D.I., The water culture method for growing plants without soil (1950) Calif Agric Exp Stn Circ, 347, pp. 1-32Hsu, S.-F., Lai, H.-C., Jinn, T.-L., Cytosol-localized heat shock factor-binding protein, AtHSBP, functions as a negative regulator of heat shock response by translocation to the nucleus and is required for seed development in Arabidopsis (2010) Plant Physiol, 153, pp. 773-784Hu, W., Hu, G., Han, B., Genome-wide survey and expression profiling of heat shock proteins and heat shock factors revealed overlapped and stress specific response under abiotic stresses in rice (2009) Plant Sci, 176, pp. 583-590Kido, E.A., Barbosa, P.K., Ferreira Neto, J.C.R., Pandolfi, V., Houllou-Kido, L.M., Crovella, S., Benko-Iseppon, A.M., Identification of plant protein kinases in response to abiotic and biotic stresses using SuperSAGE (2011) Curr Prot Pept Sci, 12, pp. 643-656Kotak, S., Port, M., Ganguli, A., Bicker, F., von Koskull-Doring, P., Characterization of C-terminal domains of Arabidopsis heat stress transcription factors (Hsfs) and identification of a new signature combination of plant class a Hsfs with AHA and NES motifs essential for activator function and intracellular localization (2004) Plant J, 39, pp. 98-112Kotak, S., Larkindale, J., Lee, U., von Koskull-Doring, P., Vierling, E., Scharf, K.D., Complexity of the heat stress response in plants (2007) Curr Opin Plant Biol, 10, pp. 310-316Li, H.-Y., Chang, C.-S., Lu, L.-S., Liu, C.-A., Chan, M.-T., Charng, Y.-Y., Over-expression of Arabidopsis thaliana heat shock factor gene (AtHsfA1b) enhances chilling tolerance in transgenic tomato (2004) Bot Bull Acad Sin, 44, pp. 129-140Li, M., Berendzen, K.W., Schoffl, F., Promoter specificity and interactions between early and late Arabidopsis heat shock factors (2010) Plant Mol Biol, 73, pp. 559-567McClean, P.E., Mamidi, S., McConnell, M., Chikara, S., Lee, R., Synteny mapping between common bean and soybean reveals extensive blocks of shared loci (2010) BMC Genomics, 11, pp. e184Miller, G., Mittler, R., Could heat shock transcription factors function as hydrogen peroxide sensors in plant? (2006) Ann Bot, 98, pp. 279-288Mittal, D., Chakrabarti, S., Sarkar, A., Singh, A., Grover, A., Heat shock factor gene family in rice: Genomic organization and transcript expression profiling in response to high temperature, low temperature and oxidative stresses (2009) Plant Physiol Biochem, 47, pp. 785-795Mochida, K., Yoshida, T., Sakurai, T., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K., Shinozaki, K., Tran, L.-S.P., In silico analysis of transcription factor repertoire and prediction of stress responsive transcription factors in soybean (2009) DNA Res, 16, pp. 353-369Mochida, K., Yoshida, T., Sakurai, T., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K., Shinozaki, K., Tran, L.-S.P., LegumeTFDB: An in-tegrative database of Glycine max, Lotus japonicus and Medicago truncatula transcription factors (2009) Bioinformatics, 26, pp. 290-291Nascimento, L.C., Costa, G.G.L., Binneck, E., Pereira, G.A.G., Caraz-Zolle, M.F., A web-based bioinformatics interface applied to Genosoja Project: Databases and pipelines (2012) Genet Mol Biol, 35 (SUPPL. 1), pp. 203-211Nover, L., Bharti, K., Doring, P., Mishra, S.K., Ganguli, A., Scharf, K.-D., Arabidopsis and the heat stress transcription factor world: How many heat stress transcription factors do we need? (2001) Cell Stress Chap, 6, pp. 177-189Pirkkala, L., Nykanen, I., Sistonen, L., Roles of the heat shock transcription factors in regulation of the heat shock response and beyond (2001) FASEB J, 15, pp. 1118-1131Ruelland, E., Zachowski, A., How plants sense temperature (2010) Environ Exp Bot, 69, pp. 225-232Sato, Y., Yokoya, S., Enhanced tolerance to drought stress in transgenic rice plants overexpressing a small heat-shock protein, sHSP17.7 (2008) Plant Cell Rep, 27, pp. 329-334Scharf, K.-D., Rose, S., Thierfelder, J., Nover, L., Two cDNAs for tomato heat stress transcription factors (1993) Plant Physiol, 102, pp. 1355-1356Scharf, K.-D., Rose, S., Zott, W., Schoffl, F., Nover, L., Three tomato genes code for heat stress transcription factors with a regionofremarkable homology to the DNA-binding domain of the yeast HSF (1990) EMBO J, 9, pp. 4495-4501Schöff, F., Prändl, R., Reindl, A., Regulation of the heat-shock response (1998) Plant Physiol, 117, pp. 1135-1141Sung, D.-Y., Kaplan, F., Lee, K.-J., Guy, C.L., Acquired tolerance to temperature extremes (2003) Trends Plant Sci, 8, pp. 179-187Swindell, W.R., Huebner, M., Weber, A.P., Transcriptional profiling of Arabidopsis heat shock proteins and transcription factors reveals extensive overlap between heat and non-heat stress response pathways (2007) BMC Genomics, 8, pp. e125Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M., Kumar, S., MEGA5: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods (2011) Mol Biol Evol, 28, pp. 2731-2739Treshow, M., (1970) Environment and Plant Response, p. 421. , McGraw-Hill Company, New YorkTreuter, E., Nover, L., Ohme, K., Scharf, K.-D., Promoter specificity and deletion analysis of three tomato heat stress transcription factors (1993) Mol Gen Genet, 240, pp. 113-125Yamada, K., Fukao, Y., Hayashi, M., Fukazawa, M., Suzuki, I., Nishimura, M., Cytosolic HSP90 regulated the heat shock response that is responsible for heat acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana (2007) J Biol Chem, 282, pp. 37794-3780

Acoustic Detection Of The Magnetocaloric Effect: Application To Gd And Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88

In this paper we present a simple method for the determination of the total magnetocaloric effect based on the acoustic detection of the adiabatic temperature rise caused by the application of an ac magnetic field of small amplitude. The continuous scanning of a superimposed dc magnetic field allows, by numerical integration, the determination of large temperature variations caused by magnetic field steps from zero to tens of kOe. Absolute values of temperature rise are easily acquired after the calibration of the microphone signal using an appropriate reference sample. Once the calibration is done, no further information about the sample's thermal properties is necessary since the measured signal is directly proportional to the temperature variation. Measurements were made in Gd and Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88 samples in the temperature range from 240 to 320 K. The technique shows to be suitable for the investigation of materials undergoing both purely magnetic phase transitions, as in the case of Gd, and magnetic-crystallographic first-order ones, as observed for Gd5.09 Ge2.03 Si1.88. Besides the ability to determine the temperature variation due to a large magnetic field step through the continuous scanning of the magnetic field, the technique is also very suitable for measuring the magnetocaloric effect under very small magnetic field steps since it has sensitivity below millikelvin. Moreover, it is able to detect temperature variations in very small amount of sample, leading to its potential application in magnetocaloric thin films. © 2009 The American Physical Society.8013Foldeaki, M., Schnelle, W., Gmelin, E., Benard, P., Koszegi, B., Giguere, A., Chahine, R., Bose, T.K., (1997) J. Appl. Phys., 82, p. 309. , 10.1063/1.365813Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (1999) J. Appl. Phys., 86, p. 565. , 10.1063/1.370767Gopal, B.R., Chahine, R., Bose, T.K., (1997) Rev. Sci. Instrum., 68, p. 1818. , 10.1063/1.1147999Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (1999) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 200, p. 44. , 10.1016/S0304-8853(99)00397-2Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (1997) Phys. Rev. Lett., 78, p. 4494. , 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.4494Otowski, W., Glorieux, C., Hofman, R., Thoen, J., (1993) Thermochim. Acta, 218, p. 123. , 10.1016/0040-6031(93)80416-8Gopal, B.R., Chahine, R., Földeàki, M., Bose, T.K., (1995) Rev. Sci. Instrum., 66, p. 232. , 10.1063/1.1145264Rosencwaig, A., Gersho, A., (1976) J. Appl. Phys., 47, p. 64. , 10.1063/1.322296Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (2001) Adv. Mater., 13, p. 683. , 10.1002/1521-4095(200105)13:93.0.CO;2-OVon Ranke, P.J., De Oliveira, N.A., Gama, S., (2004) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 277, p. 78. , 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.10.013Carvalho, A.M.G., Alves, C.S., Campos, A., Coelho, A.A., Gama, S., Gandra, F.C.G., Von Ranke, P.J., Oliveira, N.A., (2005) J. Appl. Phys., 97, pp. 10M320. , 10.1063/1.1860932Pecharsky, A.O., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., Pecharsky, V.K., (2003) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 267, p. 60. , 10.1016/S0304-8853(03)00305-6Gama, S., Alves, C.S., Coelho, A.A., Ribeiro, C.A., Persiano, A.I.C., Silva, D., (2004) J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 272-276, p. 848. , 10.1016/j.jmmm.2003.12.1260Pires, M.J.M., Carvalho, A.M.G., Gama, S., Da Silva, E.C., Coelho, A.A., Mansanares, A.M., (2005) Phys. Rev. B, 72, p. 224435. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.72.224435Glorieux, C., Thoen, J., Bednarz, G., White, M.A., Geldart, D.J.W., (1995) Phys. Rev. B, 52, p. 12770. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.12770Bednarz, G., Geldart, D.J.W., White, M.A., (1993) Phys. Rev. B, 47, p. 14247. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.14247Yu. Dan'Kov, S., Tishin, A.M., Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (1998) Phys. Rev. B, 57, p. 3478. , 10.1103/PhysRevB.57.3478Glorieux, C., Caerels, J., Thoen, J., (1996) J. Appl. Phys., 80, p. 3412. , 10.1063/1.363208Pecharsky, V.K., Gschneidner, Jr.K.A., (1999) J. Appl. Phys., 86, p. 6315. , 10.1063/1.371734Giguere, A., Foldeaki, M., Ravi Gopal, B., Chahine, R., Bose, T.K., Frydman, A., Barclay, J.A., (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, p. 2262. , 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.2262Yue, M., Zhang, J., Zeng, H., Chen, H., Liu, X.B., (2006) J. Appl. Phys., 99, pp. 08Q104. , 10.1063/1.2158971Tocado, L., Palacios, E., Burriel, R., (2006) J. Therm Anal. Calorim., 84, p. 213. , 10.1007/s10973-005-7180-zGschneidner, Jr.K.A., Pecharsky, V.K., Brück, E., Duijn, H.G.M., Levin, E.M., (2000) Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, p. 4190. , 10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.419

Cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring versus treatment as usual for extremely preterm infants : a protocol for the SafeBoosC randomised clinical phase III trial

Background: Cerebral oxygenation monitoring may reduce the risk of death and neurologic complications in extremely preterm infants, but no such effects have yet been demonstrated in preterm infants in sufficiently powered randomised clinical trials. The objective of the SafeBoosC III trial is to investigate the benefits and harms of treatment based on near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring compared with treatment as usual for extremely preterm infants. Methods/design: SafeBoosC III is an investigator-initiated, multinational, randomised, pragmatic phase III clinical trial. Inclusion criteria will be infants born below 28 weeks postmenstrual age and parental informed consent (unless the site is using 'opt-out' or deferred consent). Exclusion criteria will be no parental informed consent (or if 'opt-out' is used, lack of a record that clinical staff have explained the trial and the 'opt-out' consent process to parents and/or a record of the parents' decision to opt-out in the infant's clinical file); decision not to provide full life support; and no possibility to initiate cerebral NIRS oximetry within 6 h after birth. Participants will be randomised 1:1 into either the experimental or control group. Participants in the experimental group will be monitored during the first 72 h of life with a cerebral NIRS oximeter. Cerebral hypoxia will be treated according to an evidence-based treatment guideline. Participants in the control group will not undergo cerebral oxygenation monitoring and will receive treatment as usual. Each participant will be followed up at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. The primary outcome will be a composite of either death or severe brain injury detected on any of the serial cranial ultrasound scans that are routinely performed in these infants up to 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Severe brain injury will be assessed by a person blinded to group allocation. To detect a 22% relative risk difference between the experimental and control group, we intend to randomise a cohort of 1600 infants. Discussion: Treatment guided by cerebral NIRS oximetry has the potential to decrease the risk of death or survival with severe brain injury in preterm infants. There is an urgent need to assess the clinical effects of NIRS monitoring among preterm neonates. Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT03770741. Registered 10 December 2018

Study of key resonances in the 30P(p,γ)31S reaction in classical novae

Among reactions with strong impact on classical novae model predictions, 30P(p,γ)31S is one of the few remained that are worthy to be measured accurately, because of their rate uncertainty, as like as 18F(p,α)15O and 25Al(pγ)26Si. To reduce the nuclear uncertainties associated to this reaction, we performed an experiment at ALTO facility of Orsay using the 31P(3He,t)31S reaction to populate 31S excited states of astrophysical interest and detect in coincidence the protons coming from the decay of the populated states in order to extract the proton branching ratios. After a presentation of the astrophysical context of this work, the current situation of the 30P(p,γ)31S reaction rate will be discussed. Then the experiment set-up of this work and the analysis of the single events will be presented

Light propagation in statistically homogeneous and isotropic universes with general matter content

We derive the relationship of the redshift and the angular diameter distance to the average expansion rate for universes which are statistically homogeneous and isotropic and where the distribution evolves slowly, but which have otherwise arbitrary geometry and matter content. The relevant average expansion rate is selected by the observable redshift and the assumed symmetry properties of the spacetime. We show why light deflection and shear remain small. We write down the evolution equations for the average expansion rate and discuss the validity of the dust approximation.Comment: 42 pages, no figures. v2: Corrected one detail about the angular diameter distance and two typos. No change in result

Partonic flow and ϕ\phi-meson production in Au+Au collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 GeV

We present first measurements of the $\phi$-meson elliptic flow ($v_{2}(p_{T})$) and high statistics $p_{T}$ distributions for different centralities from $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. In minimum bias collisions the $v_{2}$ of the $\phi$ meson is consistent with the trend observed for mesons. The ratio of the yields of the $\Omega$ to those of the $\phi$ as a function of transverse momentum is consistent with a model based on the recombination of thermal $s$ quarks up to $p_{T}\sim 4$ GeV/$c$, but disagrees at higher momenta. The nuclear modification factor ($R_{CP}$) of $\phi$ follows the trend observed in the $K^{0}_{S}$ mesons rather than in $\Lambda$ baryons, supporting baryon-meson scaling. Since $\phi$-mesons are made via coalescence of seemingly thermalized $s$ quarks in central Au+Au collisions, the observations imply hot and dense matter with partonic collectivity has been formed at RHIC.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, submit to PR

Measurement of Transverse Single-Spin Asymmetries for Di-Jet Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at s=200\sqrt{s} = 200 GeV

We report the first measurement of the opening angle distribution between pairs of jets produced in high-energy collisions of transversely polarized protons. The measurement probes (Sivers) correlations between the transverse spin orientation of a proton and the transverse momentum directions of its partons. With both beams polarized, the wide pseudorapidity ($-1 \leq \eta \leq +2$) coverage for jets permits separation of Sivers functions for the valence and sea regions. The resulting asymmetries are all consistent with zero and considerably smaller than Sivers effects observed in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS). We discuss theoretical attempts to reconcile the new results with the sizable transverse spin effects seen in SIDIS and forward hadron production in pp collisions.Comment: 6 pages total, 1 Latex file, 3 PS files with figure

Energy and system size dependence of \phi meson production in Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions

We study the beam-energy and system-size dependence of \phi meson production (using the hadronic decay mode \phi -- K+K-) by comparing the new results from Cu+Cu collisions and previously reported Au+Au collisions at \sqrt{s_NN} = 62.4 and 200 GeV measured in the STAR experiment at RHIC. Data presented are from mid-rapidity (|y|<0.5) for 0.4 < pT < 5 GeV/c. At a given beam energy, the transverse momentum distributions for \phi mesons are observed to be similar in yield and shape for Cu+Cu and Au+Au colliding systems with similar average numbers of participating nucleons. The \phi meson yields in nucleus-nucleus collisions, normalised by the average number of participating nucleons, are found to be enhanced relative to those from p+p collisions with a different trend compared to strange baryons. The enhancement for \phi mesons is observed to be higher at \sqrt{s_NN} = 200 GeV compared to 62.4 GeV. These observations for the produced \phi(s\bar{s}) mesons clearly suggest that, at these collision energies, the source of enhancement of strange hadrons is related to the formation of a dense partonic medium in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions and cannot be alone due to canonical suppression of their production in smaller systems.Comment: 20 pages and 5 figure