Modeling for investment on scenarios TIIE 28 and TIIE 91 days

This article presents through mathematical modeling two hypothetical scenarios of investment with monthly savings in the format of early annuity. In both cases, the term is referenced to one year, with deposits in different periods and changing effective rates. The development of modeling used information got from official sources about interest rates. The result seeks to determine the most profitable scenario based on the interest rate and its capitalization

Intervención educativa sobre protección solar en adolescentes

Introducción: el cáncer de piel es una neoplasia frecuente en el ser humano a nivel mundial, su incidencia se ha incrementado durante las últimas décadas, considerado como una expresión de hábitos de mayor exposición a radiaciones ultravioletas. Los niños y adolescentes son los más vulnerables a la radiación, debido a que el daño solar es máximo y acumulativo. Objetivo: valorar la eficiencia de una intervención educativa sobre daño y protección solar para estudiantes de secundaria. Método: se realizó un estudio no observacional cuasi-experimental, mediante el desarrollo de intervención educativa. El universo quedó constituido por 154 que cursan el octavo y noveno grado. Resultados: se obtuvo que el porcentaje de estudiantes que poseen buenos conocimientos sobre el tema aumentó desde un 0,6 % antes del desarrollo de las actividades de tipo formativo a un 78,9 % posterior a esto. El 94,6 % de los estudiantes reconocieron la relación que existe entre el cáncer de piel y el daño solar. Conclusiones: las actividades de intervención desarrolladas han permitido la adquisición de conocimientos sobre protección solar en los adolescentes. Con el desarrollo de las actividades de tipo formativo en la población de estudio, se observó un incremento en el porcentaje de respuestas correctas para cada uno de los ítems respecto al test inicial

Epidemiologia dos pacientes admitidos com epistaxe pela Otorrinolaringologia. Hospital Carlos Manuel de Céspedes. 2013-2019

Introducción: la epistaxis es conocida desde la antigüedad. Es cuadro de gran relevancia en el ámbito ORL, siendo una de las urgencias más frecuentes de nuestra especialidad. Su etiología se presume multifactorial y clásicamente se ha dividido en local y sistémica, aunque en algunos casos no encontramos causa, denominándose epistaxis esencial o idiopática. Sin embargo, los datos epidemiológicos de los que disponemos en nuestro país y en nuestra provincia son escasos.Objetivo: describir las características epidemiológicas de pacientes ingresados con epistaxis y factores que se asocian con su aparición.Métodos: se realizó un estudio retrospectivo sobre los ingresos por epistaxis en el servicio de Otorrinolaringología del Hospital Carlos Manuel de Céspedes en el período de enero 2013 y diciembre 2019. Se analizó la distribución por sexo, edad, etiología y comorbilidad.Resultados: se valoraron 27 ingresos por epistaxis. El 55,56 % fueron hombres frente al 44,44 % de mujeres. En 48,15 % de los casos la epistaxis se asoció a Hipertensión arterial. El 74,07 % de los pacientes no requirieron nuevo taponamiento.Conclusiones: el patrón típico del paciente ingresado por epistaxis y con taponamiento anteroposterior, es preferiblemente varón que presenta alguna comorbilidad asociada que generalmente es Hipertensión arterial.Introduction: epistaxis has been known since ancient times. It is a highly relevant condition in the ENT field, being one of the most frequent emergencies in our specialty. Its etiology is presumed multifactorial and has classically been divided into local and systemic, although in some cases we found no cause, calling it essential or idiopathic epistaxis. However, the epidemiological data that we have in our country and in our province are scarce.Objective: to describe the epidemiological characteristics of patients admitted with epistaxis and factors associated with its appearance.Methods: a retrospective study was carried out on admissions for epistaxis in the Otorhinolaryngology service of the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Hospital in the period of January 2013 and December 2019. The distribution by sex, age, etiology and comorbidity was analyzed.Results: 27 admissions for epistaxis were assessed. 55.56% were men compared to 44.44% of women. In 48.15% of the cases, epistaxis was associated with arterial hypertension. 74.07% of the patients did not require new tamponade.Conclusions: the typical pattern of the patient admitted for epistaxis and with anteroposterior tamponade, is preferably male who presents some associated comorbidity, which is generally arterial hypertension.Introdução: a epistaxe é conhecida desde a antiguidade. É uma condição de grande relevância na área de Otorrinolaringologia, sendo uma das emergências mais frequentes em nossa especialidade. Sua etiologia é presumida multifatorial e classicamente dividida em local e sistêmica, embora em alguns casos não tenhamos encontrado causa, denominando-a epistaxe essencial ou idiopática. No entanto, os dados epidemiológicos que temos em nosso país e em nossa província são escassos. Objetivo: descrever as características epidemiológicas dos pacientes admitidos com epistaxe e os fatores associados ao seu aparecimento.Métodos: foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo das internações por epistaxe no Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital Carlos Manuel de Céspedes no período de janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2019. Foi analisada a distribuição por sexo, idade, etiologia e comorbidade.Resultados: foram avaliadas 27 internações por epistaxe. 55,56% eram homens contra 44,44% das mulheres. Em 48,15% dos casos, a epistaxe esteve associada à hipertensão arterial. 74,07% dos pacientes não necessitaram de novo tamponamento. Conclusões: o padrão típico do paciente admitido por epistaxe e com tamponamento ântero-posterior, é preferencialmente do sexo masculino e apresenta alguma comorbidade associada, geralmente hipertensão arterial

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Progression and Prognosis of Paravalvular Regurgitation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

<div><p>Abstract Background: The impact of paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) remains uncertain. Objective: To evaluate the impact of PVR on mortality and hospital readmission one year after TAVI. Methods: Between January 2009 and June 2015, a total of 251 patients underwent TAVI with three different prostheses at two cardiology centers. Patients were assessed according to PVR severity after the procedure. Results: PVR was classified as absent/trace or mild in 92.0% (n = 242) and moderate/severe in 7.1% (n = 18). The moderate/severe PVR group showed higher levels of aortic calcification (22% vs. 6%, p = 0.03), higher serum creatinine (1.5 ± 0.7 vs. 1.2 ± 0.4 mg/dL, p = 0.014), lower aortic valve area (0.6 ± 0.1 vs. 0.7 ± 0.2 cm2, p = 0.05), and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (49.2 ± 14.8% vs. 58.8 ± 12.1%, p = 0.009). Patients with moderate/severe PVR had more need for post-dilatation (p = 0.025) and use of larger-diameter balloons (p = 0.043). At one year, all-cause mortality was similar in both groups (16.7% vs. 12%, p = 0.08), as well as rehospitalization (11.1% vs. 7.3%, p = 0.915). PVR grade significantly reduced throughout the first year after the procedure (p < 0.01). The presence of moderate/severe PVR was not associated with higher one-year mortality rates (HR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.27-2.13, p = 0.864), rehospitalization (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.25-4.69, p=0.915), or composite outcome (HR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.28-2.13, p = 0.613). Conclusion: In this sample, moderate/severe PVR was not a predictor of long-term mortality or rehospitalization. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)</p></div

Anuario del Centro de Estudios Martianos (Vol. 24 2001)

El Anuario del Centro de Estudios Martianos es la publicación insignia de esta institución y heredera directa del Anuario Martiano de la Biblioteca Nacional José Martí, que se publicó entre 1969 y 1977, bajo la dirección del poeta y ensayista Cintio Vitier. Desde que salió a la luz su primera entrega, en 1978, se han publicado treinta y cinco números, en los que aparecen artículos y ensayos de importantes estudiosos de la vida y obra del Apóstol, en Cuba y el resto del mundo. En sus secciones fijas (Otros textos de José Martí, Documentos, Estudios y aproximaciones, Vigencias, Publicaciones, Bibliografía, Constante) y los apartados especiales, los lectores pueden conocer disímiles temas del quehacer martiano internacional, en el año que termina además de mantenerse al tanto de las últimas contribuciones de los promotores e investigadores de la obra martiana en el orbe

Libro de Proyectos Finales 2021 primer semestre

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