MBES Swath Angle in Relation with Data Processing Quality, Time and Cost

The goal of this research was to investigate and determine the differences in uncertainty at different beam angle limits. To achieve this objective, six MBES data sets were each processed by five surveyors with different levels of experience in MBES data processing. Each project was processed three times, using 45°, 60° and 75° beam angle filter limits in the HYSWEEP MBES Editor. Each surveyor was timed to determine the total time spent editing each MBES data set, using each of the three beam angle limits. An analysis was conducted for the time taken to process each data set, along with the resultant sounding uncertainty. Finally, a virtual area was created to determine the cost of the survey as a function of swath angle.This research was conducted in cooperation with HYPACK Inc. (www.hypack.com), and the Hydrographic Survey Research Group (HSRG) in the Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport (AASTMT) (www.aast.edu). HYPACK provided the project with a work station for data processing, sample MBES data, and five HYSWEEP licenses. HSRG conducted the data processing, analysis and the documentation.El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar y determinar las diferencias en la incertidum-bre, en límites de ángulos del haz diferentes. Para lograr este objetivo, cada una de las seis colecciones de datos MBES fue procesada por cinco hidrógrafos con diferentes niveles de experiencia en el procesado de datos MBES. Cada proyecto fue procesado tres veces, utilizando los límites del filtro del ángulo del haz a 45°, 60° y 75° en el Editor HYS-WEEP MBES. Se cronometró a cada hidrógrafo para determinar el tiempo total empleado en la edición de cada colección de datos MBES, utilizando cada uno de los tres límites del ángulo del haz. Se efectuó un análisis del tiempo empleado en el procesado de cada colección de datos, junto con la incertidumbre de sonda resultante. Finalmente, se creó una zona virtual para determinar el coste del sondeo en función del ángulo de corte.Esta investigación fue llevada a cabo en cooperación con HYPACK Inc. (www.hypack.com), y con el “Hydrographic Survey Research Group” (HSRG) de la “Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport” (AASTMT) (www.aast.edu). HYPACK proporcionó para el proyecto una estación de trabajo para el procesado de datos, de datos-muestra MBES, y cinco licencias HYSWEEP. El HSRG realizó el procesado de datos, su análisis y la documentación.Le but de cette recherche est d’étudier et de déterminer les variations d’incertitude à différentes limites d’ouverture de faisceau. Pour atteindre cet objectif, six ensembles de données multifaisceaux ont été traités par cinq hydrographes ayant des niveaux d’expé-rience différents dans le traitement des données multifaisceaux. Chaque projet a été traité trois fois à l’aide des limites d’ouverture de bande de 45°, 60° et 75° dans l’éditeur HYS-WEEP MBES. Chaque hydrographe devait déterminer le temps total passé à éditer chaque ensemble de données multifaisceaux, à l’aide chacune de trois limites d’ouverture de ban-de. Une analyse a été conduite sur le temps consacré au traitement de chaque ensemble de données, et de l’incertitude des levés Finalement une zone virtuelle a été créée pour déterminer le coût du levé en tant que fonction d’ouverture de bande.Cette recherche a été menée en coopération avec HYPACK Inc. (www.hypack.com), et l’Hydrographic Survey Research Group (HSRG) de l’Académie arabe pour les sciences, la technologie et le transport maritime (AASTMT) (www.aast.edu). HYPACK a fourni au projet une station de travail pour le traitement des données, des échantillons de données multifaisceaux et cinq licences HYSWEEP. L’HSRG a dirigé le traitement, l’analyse et la documentation des données

The Federal Big Data Research and Development Strategic Plan

This document was developed through the contributions of the NITRD Big Data SSG members and staff. A special thanks and appreciation to the core team of editors, writers, and reviewers: Lida Beninson (NSF), Quincy Brown (NSF), Elizabeth Burrows (NSF), Dana Hunter (NSF), Craig Jolley (USAID), Meredith Lee (DHS), Nishal Mohan (NSF), Chloe Poston (NSF), Renata Rawlings-Goss (NSF), Carly Robinson (DOE Science), Alejandro Suarez (NSF), Martin Wiener (NSF), and Fen Zhao (NSF). A national Big Data1 innovation ecosystem is essential to enabling knowledge discovery from and confident action informed by the vast resource of new and diverse datasets that are rapidly becoming available in nearly every aspect of life. Big Data has the potential to radically improve the lives of all Americans. It is now possible to combine disparate, dynamic, and distributed datasets and enable everything from predicting the future behavior of complex systems to precise medical treatments, smart energy usage, and focused educational curricula. Government agency research and public-private partnerships, together with the education and training of future data scientists, will enable applications that directly benefit society and the economy of the Nation. To derive the greatest benefits from the many, rich sources of Big Data, the Administration announced a “Big Data Research and Development Initiative” on March 29, 2012.2 Dr. John P. Holdren, Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, stated that the initiative “promises to transform our ability to use Big Data for scientific discovery, environmental and biomedical research, education, and national security.” The Federal Big Data Research and Development Strategic Plan (Plan) builds upon the promise and excitement of the myriad applications enabled by Big Data with the objective of guiding Federal agencies as they develop and expand their individual mission-driven programs and investments related to Big Data. The Plan is based on inputs from a series of Federal agency and public activities, and a shared vision: We envision a Big Data innovation ecosystem in which the ability to analyze, extract information from, and make decisions and discoveries based upon large, diverse, and real-time datasets enables new capabilities for Federal agencies and the Nation at large; accelerates the process of scientific discovery and innovation; leads to new fields of research and new areas of inquiry that would otherwise be impossible; educates the next generation of 21st century scientists and engineers; and promotes new economic growth. The Plan is built around seven strategies that represent key areas of importance for Big Data research and development (R&D). Priorities listed within each strategy highlight the intended outcomes that can be addressed by the missions and research funding of NITRD agencies. These include advancing human understanding in all branches of science, medicine, and security; ensuring the Nation’s continued leadership in research and development; and enhancing the Nation’s ability to address pressing societal and environmental issues facing the Nation and the world through research and development

The Federal Big Data Research and Development Strategic Plan

This document was developed through the contributions of the NITRD Big Data SSG members and staff. A special thanks and appreciation to the core team of editors, writers, and reviewers: Lida Beninson (NSF), Quincy Brown (NSF), Elizabeth Burrows (NSF), Dana Hunter (NSF), Craig Jolley (USAID), Meredith Lee (DHS), Nishal Mohan (NSF), Chloe Poston (NSF), Renata Rawlings-Goss (NSF), Carly Robinson (DOE Science), Alejandro Suarez (NSF), Martin Wiener (NSF), and Fen Zhao (NSF). A national Big Data1 innovation ecosystem is essential to enabling knowledge discovery from and confident action informed by the vast resource of new and diverse datasets that are rapidly becoming available in nearly every aspect of life. Big Data has the potential to radically improve the lives of all Americans. It is now possible to combine disparate, dynamic, and distributed datasets and enable everything from predicting the future behavior of complex systems to precise medical treatments, smart energy usage, and focused educational curricula. Government agency research and public-private partnerships, together with the education and training of future data scientists, will enable applications that directly benefit society and the economy of the Nation. To derive the greatest benefits from the many, rich sources of Big Data, the Administration announced a “Big Data Research and Development Initiative” on March 29, 2012.2 Dr. John P. Holdren, Assistant to the President for Science and Technology and Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, stated that the initiative “promises to transform our ability to use Big Data for scientific discovery, environmental and biomedical research, education, and national security.” The Federal Big Data Research and Development Strategic Plan (Plan) builds upon the promise and excitement of the myriad applications enabled by Big Data with the objective of guiding Federal agencies as they develop and expand their individual mission-driven programs and investments related to Big Data. The Plan is based on inputs from a series of Federal agency and public activities, and a shared vision: We envision a Big Data innovation ecosystem in which the ability to analyze, extract information from, and make decisions and discoveries based upon large, diverse, and real-time datasets enables new capabilities for Federal agencies and the Nation at large; accelerates the process of scientific discovery and innovation; leads to new fields of research and new areas of inquiry that would otherwise be impossible; educates the next generation of 21st century scientists and engineers; and promotes new economic growth. The Plan is built around seven strategies that represent key areas of importance for Big Data research and development (R&D). Priorities listed within each strategy highlight the intended outcomes that can be addressed by the missions and research funding of NITRD agencies. These include advancing human understanding in all branches of science, medicine, and security; ensuring the Nation’s continued leadership in research and development; and enhancing the Nation’s ability to address pressing societal and environmental issues facing the Nation and the world through research and development

Contextualizing instruction: Leveraging students' prior knowledge and experiences to foster understanding of middle school science

Contextualizing science instruction involves utilizing students' prior knowledge and everyday experiences as a catalyst for understanding challenging science concepts. This study of two middle school science classrooms examined how students utilized the contextualizing aspects of project-based instruction and its relationship to their science learning. Observations of focus students' participation during instruction were described in terms of a contextualizing score for their use of the project features to support their learning. Pre/posttests were administered and students' final artifacts were collected and evaluated. The results of these assessments were compared with students' contextualizing scores, demonstrating a strong positive correlation between them. These findings provide evidence to support claims of contextualizing instruction as a means to facilitate student learning, and point toward future consideration of this instructional method in broader research studies and the design of science learning environments. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 45: 79–100, 2008Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/57510/1/20203_ftp.pd

International Blue Whiting Spawning Stock Survey (IBWSS) Spring 2013

Coordination of the survey was initiated in the meeting of the Working Group on International Pelagic Surveys (WGIPS) and continued by correspondence until the start of the survey. During the survey, updates on vessel positions and trawl activities were collated by the survey coordinator and distributed to the participants twice daily. Norway did not participate in the survey this year. The survey design used and described in ICES (2012) allowed for a flexible setup of transects and good coverage of the spawning aggregations. Due to acceptable - good weather conditions throughout the survey period, the survey resulted in a high quality coverage of the stock. Transects of all vessels were consistent in spatial coverage and timing, delivering full coverage of the respective distribution areas within 19 days

An evidence base to optimise methods for involving patient and public contributors in clinical trials: a mixed-methods study

BACKGROUND: In comparison with other study designs, randomised trials are regarded as particularly likely to benefit from patient and public involvement (PPI). Using mixed-methods research we investigated PPI from the perspectives of researchers and PPI contributors. METHODS: Randomised trials in receipt of funding from the Health Technology Assessment (HTA) programme between 2006 and 2010 were identified. Funding applications and board and referee comments were obtained and data relevant to PPI extracted. Chief investigators (CIs), PPI contributors and UK Clinical Research Collaboration Registered Clinical Trials Units (RCTUs) were surveyed. Interviews were conducted with researchers and PPI contributors. RESULTS: A total of 111 trials were included. Text relevant to PPI was identified in half of the trials for which the first-stage applications were available, but only one-quarter described PPI within their development. In the second stage of the application, the majority provided some text relevant to PPI, with over half having PPI in their development. Fewer than half of referees commented on PPI, and funding boards rarely provided comments in relation to PPI. Seventy-three per cent (81 of 111) of CIs responded to the survey and 98% (79 of 81) included PPI at some stage in their trial. CIs considered high impact from PPI contributors to occur more frequently in trial setup, with low or no impact being more common during trial conduct, analysis and dissemination. Only one-third of CIs provided PPI contributor contact details but all contributors contacted completed the survey. The majority of contributors felt engaged and valued by the research team. Interviews were conducted with researchers and/or PPI contributors for 28 trials identifying two main influences on perception of PPI impact: whether or not CIs expressed personal goals and plans for PPI; and the quality of their relationship with the PPI contributors. The importance of early engagement was identified, with opportunity for input thereafter limited. Three PPI roles were identified: oversight, managerial and responsive. Oversight roles, as required by funders, were associated with low impact in comparison with responsive or managerial roles. Most researchers could see some value in PPI training for researchers, although those that had received such training themselves expressed concerns about its purpose and evidence base. Training for PPI contributors was considered unnecessary, with conversational approaches preferred, although this did not appear to provide an opportunity for role negotiation. The RCTU survey response rate was 85% (39 of 46). The majority (37 of 39) reported PPI within trials co-ordinated by their unit. Trial characteristics were used by half to determine the approach to PPI. Two-thirds reported recent developments or changes in implementing plans for PPI (21 of 33). Support to PPI contributors was commonly offered through members of staff at the unit. CONCLUSIONS: PPI is occurring in the majority of trials funded by the HTA programme, but uncertainty remains about how it is assessed and valued. Early involvement, building a relationship between researchers and contributors, responsive or managerial roles, and having defined goals for PPI were associated with impact. Efficiency could be gained by utilising the RCTU network to identify and tackle challenges, and develop a risk-based approach utilising trial characteristics. Recommendations are made to trial funders and the research community. Given the difficulties for some informants in recalling PPI contributions, future research using a prospective approach would be valuable. Ethnographic research that combines observation and multi-informant interviews is likely to be informative in identifying impact. The research community needs to give further consideration to processes for selecting PPI contributors and models of implementing PPI

BUILD RAPPORT 2023:11 Klimadata til fugtsimuleringer Referenceår

Dette projekt omhandler udarbejdelse af et referenceår til anvendelse ved varme- og fugtsimuleringer (hygrotermiske simuleringer). Referenceåret er udarbejdet på baggrund af historiske data for perioden 2001-20019 for Sjælsmark. Det er hensigten at referenceåret kan anvendes af projekterende og udførende til at gennemføre fugtsimuleringer og bedømme konstruktioner ud fra danske klimadata. Rapport beskrivelse: Bygningsreglementet foreskriver, at bygninger skal konstrueres og udføres så fugtskader undgås fx skimmelvækst. Bygningers konstruktioner påvirkes af fugt fra udeklimaet og indefra af bygningens brug. En måde til at dokumentere, at konstruktioner er projekteret uden risiko for fugtskader, er ved at udføre en simulering af varme- og fugtforholdene i konstruktioner. I Danmark findes der ikke et simuleringsprogram, som skal anvendes til simuleringer, men der anvendes forskellige programmer fx WUFI® Pro og DELPHIN. Disse programmer har ikke danske klimadata, og derfor anvendes nærliggende klimadata fra fx Lund, Sverige eller Bremerhaven, Tyskland. Denne rapport omhandler udarbejdelse af et referenceår til anvendelse ved varme- og fugtsimuleringer (hygrotermiske simuleringer). Referenceåret er udarbejdet på baggrund af historiske data for perioden 2001-2019 for Sjælsmark, suppleret med nedbørs data fra Holbæk flyveplads, Hillerød SØ, Store Hareskov og Gørløse for perioden 2001-2010. Rapporten er udformet så den dokumenterer grundlaget for referenceåret. Det er hensigten, at referenceåret kan anvendes af projekterende og udførende til at gennemføre fugtsimuleringer og bedømme konstruktioner ud fra danske klimadata. Rapporten er udarbejdet af post.doc Nickolaj Feldt Jensen, adjunkt Tessa Kvist Hansen og seniorforsker Martin Morelli, fra Institut for Byggeri, By og Miljø og adjunkt Anne Marie Svane og professor Rasmus Waagepetersen fra Institut for Matematiske Fag. Projektet er muliggjort med økonomisk støtte fra Aase og Ejnar Danielsens Fond. Vi takker for støtten, der har muliggjort udarbejdelse af et referenceår til fugtsimuleringer. Dette supplerende datasæt indeholder følgende: - Rådata fra DMI (2001-2019), i Excel format. - Ny dansk fugt referenceår for Sjælsmark (samt 4 stk. andre variationer af referenceåret som blev undersøgt i dette projekt). Fugt referenceår findes i WUFI (.txt), Delphin (.c6b) og Excel (.xlsx) format. - Analyser af ny dansk fugt referenceår (mod 4 stk variationer af referenceåret), i Excel format. - WUFI simuleringsmodeller (1D) - Delphin simuleringsmodeller (1D og 2D) - Simuleringsresultater (WUFI og Delphin), i Excel format. - Teoretisk risiko vurdering af skimmelsvampevækst i simulerede konstruktioner, udført med den finske VTT skimmel model. (Excel format) - Build rapport 2023:11 Klimadata til fugtsimuleringer Referenceå

Self-archiving and the Copyright Transfer Agreements of ISI-ranked library and information science journals

A study of Thomson-Scientific ISI ranked Library and Information Science (LIS) journals (n = 52) is reported. The study examined the stances of publishers as expressed in the Copyright Transfer Agreements (CTAs) of the journals toward self-archiving, the practice of depositing digital copies of one\u27s works in an Open Archives Initiative (OAI)-compliant open access repository. Sixty-two percent (32) do not make their CTAs available on the open Web; 38% (20) do. Of the 38% that do make CTAs available, two are open access journals. Of the 62% that do not have a publicly available CTA, 40% are silent about self-archiving. Even among the 20 journal CTAs publicly available there is a high level of ambiguity. Closer examination augmented by publisher policy documents on copyright, self-archiving, and instructions to authors reveals that only five, 10% of the ISI-ranked LIS journals in the study, actually prohibit self-archiving by publisher rule. Copyright is a moving target, but publishers appear to be acknowledging that copyright and open access can co-exist in scholarly journal publishing. The ambivalence of LIS journal publishers provides unique opportunities to members of the community. Authors can self-archive in open access archives. A society-led, global scholarly communication consortium can engage in the strategic building of the LIS information commons. Aggregating OAI-compliant archives and developing disciplinary-specific library services for an LIS commons has the potential to increase the field\u27s research impact and visibility. It may also ameliorate its own scholarly communication and publishing systems and serve as a model for others