A review of regulatory mechanisms to control the volatility of prices

Stock - Prices ; Futures

Estilos de apego adulto e regulação emocional na população de Quito, Equador

The aim of this study was to explore the association between adult attachment styles and emotion regulation. Two hundred and ninety students between the ages of 18 and 25 participated (M = 21.18; SD = 2.86), coming from various university careers of two higher education institutions in Quito (Ecuador); they were selected by chance grouping. Two instruments were used for the measurement. The first one was the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) scale, validated in the Ecuadorian context, which was used to evaluate the type of attachment in romantic relationships. The second instrument was the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), in its original version translated into Spanish, used to assess difficulties in emotional regulation. The results showed that secure attachment occurs in a higher percentage of female participants (60 %), that there are no differences by sex in the emotional regulation indicators (p > .05) and that, in the studied population, there is an association between insecure adult attachment styles and emotional dysregulation (p < .05). It is concluded that positive role models of self and of others, as well as low levels of anxiety and avoidance, present in the secure attachment style, are protective factors that contribute to emotional regulation.  El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la asociación entre estilos de apego adulto y regulación emocional. Participaron 290 estudiantes de 18 a 25 años (M = 21.18; DE = 2.86), procedentes de varias carreras universitarias de dos instituciones de educación superior de Quito (Ecuador), seleccionados por agrupamiento casual. Para la medición se utilizaron dos instrumentos. El primero fue la escala Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), validada en el contexto ecuatoriano, con la que se evaluó el tipo de apego en las relaciones de pareja. El segundo instrumento fue la escala Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), en su versión original traducida al castellano, empleada para evaluar dificultades en regulación emocional. Los resultados demostraron que el apego seguro se presenta en mayor porcentaje en las participantes mujeres (60 %), que no existen diferencias por sexo en los indicadores de regulación emocional (p > .05) y que, en la población estudiada, hay una asociación entre estilos inseguros de apego adulto y desregulación emocional (p < .05). Se concluye que los modelos positivos de sí mismo y de los demás, así como los niveles bajos de ansiedad y evitación, presentes en el estilo de apego seguro, constituyen factores protectores que contribuyen a la regulación emocional.  O objetivo da presente investigação foi explorar a associação entre estilos de apego adulto e regulação emocional. Participaram 290 alunos com idades entre 18 e 25 anos (M = 21.18; DP = 2.86), provenientes de vários cursos universitários de duas instituições de educação superior de Quito, selecionados por agrupamento ao acaso. Dois instrumentos foram usados para a medição. O primeiro foi a escala Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), validada no contexto equatoriano, que foi utilizada para avaliar o tipo de apego nas relações de casal. O segundo instrumento foi a escala Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), na sua versão original traduzida para o espanhol, que foi utilizada para avaliar as dificuldades na regulação emocional. Os resultados mostraram que o apego seguro está presente em maior porcentagem nas participantes mulheres (60 %), que não há diferenças por sexo nos indicadores de regulação emocional (p > 0,05) e que, na população estudada, há associação entre estilos de apego adulto inseguro e desregulação emocional (p < 0,05). Conclui-se que os modelos positivos de si e dos outros, bem como os baixos níveis de ansiedade e evitação, presentes no estilo de apego seguro, constituem fatores de proteção que contribuem para a regulação emocional.

The Iowa Homemaker vol.19, no.3

Cuisine, page 1 College With an Eye to a Job, page 2 Shoulder Arms Against Telltale Tarnish, page 3 Generosity with Spices, page 4 Grandmother’s Heirlooms, page 5 Greyed Pastels, page 6 Food Facts – or Fairy Tales, page 8 Les Menus, the American Nemesis, page 9 What’s New in Home Economics, page 10 From Panama to Paris, page 12 Spread-ucation, page 13 Behind Bright Jackets, page 14 Alums in the News, page 15 His Royal Highness, the Chef, page 16 New Zealand Cuisine, page 17 From Journalistic Spindles, page 18 A Frozen Art, page 19 Biography of a Home Economist, page 2

Características psicométricas del ECR-R (Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised) en población ecuatoriana

The aim of the present study was to analyze the psychometric characteristics of the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) scale in young Ecuadorian adults. The participants were 641 university students from 20 to 25 years old, from two institutions in the city of Quito, to whom the test was applied. Using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis technique, it was verified that the results found were in accordance with the Peruvian ECR-R model. Therefore, the Ecuadorian version was made up of the 27 items of the Peruvian version, which correspond to the two original dimensions of the scale: Anxiety and Avoidance, the latter dimension consisting of two factors, one of direct items and the other of inverse items. An adequate reliability of the factors of Anxiety (α = .91; ω = .91), Inverse avoidance (α = .90; ω = .89) and Direct avoidance (α = .72; ω = .83) was found.El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las características psicométricas de la escala Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R) en jóvenes adultos ecuatorianos. Los participantes fueron 641 estudiantes universitarios de 20 a 25 años, provenientes de dos instituciones de educación superior de Quito, a quienes se les aplicó la prueba. Mediante la técnica de Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio se verificó que los resultados encontrados se ajustaban al modelo peruano del ECR-R. Por tanto, la versión ecuatoriana quedó conformada por los 27 ítems de la versión peruana, los cuales corresponden a las dos dimensiones originales de la escala: Ansiedad y Evitación, esta última constituida por dos factores, uno de ítems directos y otro de ítems inversos. Se encontró una confiabilidad adecuada de los factores de Ansiedad (α = .91; ω = .91), Evitación inversa (α = .90; ω = .89) y Evitación directa (α = .72; ω = .83)

No straight lines – young women’s perceptions of their mental health and wellbeing during and after pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-ethnography

Background: Young mothers face mental health challenges during and after pregnancy including increased rates of depression compared to older mothers. While the prevention of teenage pregnancy in countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom has been a focus for policy and research in recent decades, the need to understand young women’s own experiences has been highlighted. The aim of this meta-ethnography was to examine young women’s perceptions of their mental health and wellbeing during and after pregnancy to provide new understandings of those experiences. Methods: A systematic review and meta-ethnographic synthesis of qualitative research was conducted. Seven databases were systematically searched and forward and backward searching conducted. Papers were included if they were from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries and explored mental health and wellbeing experiences of young mothers (age under 20 in pregnancy; under 25 at time of research) as a primary research question – or where evidence about mental health and wellbeing from participants was foregrounded. Nineteen papers were identified and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative research used to appraise the evidence. Following the seven-step process of meta-ethnography, key constructs were examined within each study and then translated into one another. Results: Seven translated themes were identified forming a new line of argument wherein mental health and wellbeing was analysed as relating to individual bodily experiences; tied into past and present relationships; underpinned by economic insecurity and entangled with feelings of societal surveillance. There were ‘no straight lines’ in young women’s experiences, which were more complex than dominant narratives around overcoming adversity suggest. Conclusions: The synthesis concludes that health and social care professionals need to reflect on the operation of power and stigma in young women’s lives and its impact on wellbeing. It adds to understanding of young women’s mental health and wellbeing during and after pregnancy as located in physical and structural factors rather than individual capacities alone

Multiple roles of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors in synaptic plasticity in juvenile hippocampus

AbstractIn the CA1 area of the hippocampus N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) mediate the induction of long-term depression (LTD), short-term potentiation (STP) and long-term potentiation (LTP). All of these forms of synaptic plasticity can be readily studied in juvenile hippocampal slices but the involvement of particular NMDAR subunits in the induction of these different forms of synaptic plasticity is currently unclear. Here, using NVP-AAM077, Ro 25-6981 and UBP145 to target GluN2A-, 2B- and 2D-containing NMDARs respectively, we show that GluN2B-containing NMDARs (GluN2B) are involved in the induction of LTD, STP and LTP in slices prepared from P14 rat hippocampus. A concentration of Ro (1 μM) that selectively blocks GluN2B-containing diheteromers is able to block LTD. It also inhibits a component of STP without affecting LTP. A higher concentration of Ro (10 μM), that also inhibits GluN2A/B triheteromers, blocks LTP. UBP145 selectively inhibits the Ro-sensitive component of STP whereas NVP inhibits LTP. These data are consistent with a role of GluN2B diheretomers in LTD, a role of both GluN2B- and GluN2D- containing NMDARs in STP and a role of GluN2A/B triheteromers in LTP.This article is part of the Special Issue entitled ‘Ionotropic glutamate receptors’

Biodiversity in a complex world: consolidation and progress in functional biodiversity research

The global decline of biodiversity caused by human domination of ecosystems worldwide is supposed to alter important process rates and state variables in these ecosystems. However, there is considerable debate on the prevalence and importance of biodiversity effects on ecosystem function (BDEF). Here, we argue that much of the debate stems from two major shortcomings. First, most studies do not directly link the traits leading to increased or decreased function to the traits needed for species coexistence and dominance. We argue that implementing a trait-based approach and broadening the perception of diversity to include trait dissimilarity or trait divergence will result in more realistic predictions on the consequences of altered biodiversity. Second, the empirical and theoretical studies do not reflect the complexity of natural ecosystems, which makes it difficult to transfer the results to natural situations of species loss. We review how different aspects of complexity (trophic structure, multifunctionality, spatial or temporal heterogeneity, and spatial population dynamics) alter our perception of BDEF. We propose future research avenues concisely testing whether acknowledging this complexity will strengthen the observed biodiversity effects. Finally, we propose that a major future task is to disentangle biodiversity effects on ecosystem function from direct changes in function due to human alterations of abiotic constraints