Efecto de la línea genética y de dietas enriquecidas en ácido oleico sobre los parámetros productivos del cerdo Ibérico

[ES] La genética y la alimentación son dos de los principales factores que afectan a la producción del cerdo Ibérico, así como a la calidad de su carne y de sus productos cárnicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la línea genética y de la alimentación durante el cebo, así como su interacción, sobre los parámetros productivos del cerdo Ibérico. Para ello, se utilizaron un total de 96 cerdos Ibéricos machos y castrados, que fueron divididos en 12 lotes (n=8) siguiendo un diseño factorial 4×3 con dos líneas genéticas (Retinto, RR, y Torbiscal, TT) y sus cruces recíprocos (R×T and T×R). Los cerdos fueron cebados en intensivo con tres tipos de piensos enriquecidos con tres niveles de ácido oleico (bajo, L, medio, M y alto, H). Los resultados mostraron un menor (p<0.05) consumo diario y una menor ganancia media diaria en los cerdos RR que en los RT, TR y TT. Así mismo, se observó un menor peso final en los cerdos RR que en los otros grupos genéticos. No se observaron diferencias en el índice de conversión entre los grupos estudiados. Con respecto al efecto de la dieta, los cerdos del lote L presentaron menor consumo diario e índice de conversión que los H y M. El tipo de dieta no afectó a la ganancia media diaria ni al peso final. Por ello, puede concluirse que los parámetros productivos del cruce Retinto×Torbiscal son similares a los de la línea pura Torbiscal, mejorando significativamente los de la línea pura Retinto.[EN] As it is well known, genetic and feeding are two fundamental factors affecting the Iberian pig production, meat and meat product quality. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of genetic and nutrition factors, and their interaction, on productive parameters of Iberian pigs during the final fattening period prior to slaughter. For this purpose, a total of 96 castrated male Iberian pigs were allotted into twelve groups (n=8) following a 4×3 factorial design with two Iberian genetic lines (Retinto, RR, and Torbiscal, TT) and their reciprocal crosses (R×T and T×R) fed in intensive conditions with three different oleic acid enriched diets (low, L, medium, M and high, H levels). The results showed a significant (P<0.05) lower daily intake, average daily gain (ADG) and final weight in RR compared to RT, TR and TT Iberian pigs. Related to diet, L pigs exhibited lower (P<0.05) daily intake and feed conversion ratio than H and M ones, without differences in ADG and final weight. So, it can be concluded that productive parameters of Retinto×Torbiscal crosses are close to those of pure Torbiscal line, improving those of pure Retinto line.The research was supported by the National Institute for Agronomic Research (INIA) assigned to the State Secretariat of Research, Development and Innovation of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (Project RTA2012-00054-C02).Tejeda, J.; Carrapiso, A.; Noguera, J.; Ibáñez-Escriche, N.; Gonzalez, E. (2018). Productive parameters of Iberian pig as affected by genetic line and oleic acid enriched diets. Archivos de Zootecnia. Sup. 1:41-43. https://doi.org/10.21071/az.v67iSupplement.3569S4143Sup.

Efecto de la genética y de la dieta sobre el lomo fresco del cerdo Ibérico (m. Longissimus dorsi)

[EN] This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of different genetic lines, diets and their interaction on the weight, yield, intramuscular fat content (IMF) and colour of loin (m. Longissimus dorsi) of Iberian pig. Ninety-six castrated male Iberian pigs were allotted into twelve groups (n=8) following a 4×3 factorial design with two Iberian genetic lines (Retinto, RR, and Torbiscal, TT) and their reciprocal crosses (R×T and T×R) fed in intensive conditions with three different oleic acid enriched diets (low, L, medium, M and high, H levels). Regarding loin weight and yield a significant effect of genetic line was observed due to the higher (P<0.05) scores in TT line compared to RR line, with intermediate levels in R×T and T×R pigs. However, when physicochemical parameters are evaluated, as fat content and meat colour, RR pigs exhibited significantly higher intramuscular fat (IMF) content, a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values than TT, R×T and T×R pigs. None of the other factors studied, diet and genetic×diet interaction, showed significant effect on weight, yield, IMF and colour of loin.[ES] El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la línea genética, la dieta y su interacción sobre el peso, rendimiento, contenido en grasa intramuscular y color del lomo (m. Longissimus dorsi) del cerdo Ibérico. Se utilizaron un total de 96 cerdos Ibéricos machos y castrados, que fueron divididos en 12 lotes (n=8) siguiendo un diseño factorial 4×3, con dos líneas genéticas (Retinto, RR, y Torbiscal, TT) y sus cruces recíprocos (R×T y T×R). Los cerdos fueron cebados en intensivo con tres tipos de piensos enriquecidos con tres niveles de ácido oleico (bajo, L, medio, M y alto, H). Se observó un efecto significativo (P<0.05) de la línea genética sobre el peso y el rendimiento del lomo, con valores superiores en ambos parámetros en la línea TT que en la línea RR, presentando valores intermedios los lotes R×T y T×R. Sin embargo, en relación a los parámetros físico-químicos, los lomos de los animales pertenecientes a la línea RR presentaron mayor (p<0.05) contenido en grasa intramuscular (IMF) y valores más elevados de a* (rojo) y b* (amarillo) que los cerdos TT, R×T y T×R. Ni la dieta, ni la interacción dieta×genética afectaron a los parámetros analizados en este estudio sobre el lomo del cerdo Ibérico.The research was supported by the National Institute for Agronomic Research (INIA) assigned to the State Secretariat of Research, Development and Innovation of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain (Project RTA2012-00054-C02).Gonzalez, E.; Carrapiso, A.; Noguera, J.; Ibáñez-Escriche, N.; Tejeda, J. (2018). Effect of genetic and diet on Iberian pig fresh loin (m. Longissimus dorsi). Archivos de Zootecnia. Sup. 1:185-187. https://doi.org/10.21071/az.v67iSupplement.3600S185187Sup.

Misperception of disease onset in people with gradual-onset disease of the upper extremity

BACKGROUND:Misperception that an established, gradual-onset disease such as osteoarthritis started when the symptoms were first noticed might lead to testing and treatment choices that are inconsistent with what matters most to a patient. In the present study, the primary null hypothesis was that there are no factors associated with patient-reported symptom duration (in months). The secondary null hypotheses were that there are no factors independently associated with (1) a sudden versus gradual perception of disease onset, (2) an event or injury-related versus age-related perceived cause of disease onset, and (3) the magnitude of physical limitations. METHODS:In this cross-sectional study, 121 patients with an atraumatic, established, gradual-onset condition of the upper extremity completed a demographic questionnaire, measures of mental health (symptoms of depression and anxiety, worst-case thinking, and self-efficacy [the ability to adapt and continue with daily activity] when in pain), measurement of the magnitude of upper extremity-specific limitations, and questions about the perceived course and cause of the disease. RESULTS:The median patient-reported symptom duration was 12 months (interquartile range, 3 to 36 months). Twenty-two patients (18%) perceived their disease as new, and 29 patients (24%) believed that the condition was related to ≥1 event (injury) rather than being time and age-related. In multivariable analysis, patients with Medicare insurance were independently associated with longer reported symptom duration (in months). Greater self-efficacy was associated with longer symptom duration in bivariate, but not multivariable, analysis. No factors were independently associated with a sudden versus gradual onset of symptoms. Hispanic ethnicity and federal, county, or no insurance were independently associated with the perception that the problem was caused by an injury or event. CONCLUSIONS:Approximately 1 in 5 patients misperceived new symptoms as representing a new disease, often as a type of injury. Misperception of the pathology as new had a limited association with unhealthy thoughts and is likely generally responsive to reorientation. We speculate that gentle, strategic reorientation of misperception can protect patients from choices inconsistent with their values.</p

Possible symmetries of the superconducting order parameter in a hexagonal ferromagnet

We study the order parameter symmetry in a hexagonal crystal with co-existing superconductivity and ferromagnetism. An experimental example is provided by carbon-based materials, such as graphite-sulfur composites, in which an evidence of such co-existence has been recently discovered. The presence of a non-zero magnetization in the normal phase brings about considerable changes in the symmetry classification of superconducting states, compared to the non-magnetic case.Comment: 4 pages, REVTe

An approach to address probabilistic assumptions on the availability of safety systems for deterministic safety analysis

[EN] There is an attempt nowadays to provide a more comprehensive and realistic safety assessment of design and operation of Nuclear Power Plants. In this context, innovative approaches are being proposed for safety assessment of nuclear power plants design including both design basis conditions and design extension conditions. An area of research aims at developing methods for combining insights from probabilistic and deterministic safety analyses in Option 4, also called realistic approach, from the International Atomic Energy Agency specific safety guide. The development of Option 4 or realistic approach involves the adoption of best estimate computer codes, best estimate assumptions on systems availability and best estimate of initial and boundary conditions for the safety analysis. This paper focusses on providing the fundamentals and practical implementation of an approach to integrate PSA-based probabilistic models and data, which incorporate best estimate assumptions on the availability of safety systems, into Option 4. It is presented a practical approach to identify relevant, i.e. most probable, configurations of safety systems and to assess the associated occurrence probability of each configuration using PSA models and data of a NPP, which is based on the use of a Pure Monte Carlo method. An example of application is provided to demonstrate how this approach performs. The case study focusses on an accident scenario corresponding to the initiating event Loss Of Feed Water (LOFW) for a typical three-loops Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) NPP.Authors are grateful to the Spanish CSN (Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear) for the financial support of this research (Research Project SIN/4078/2013/640; MASA Project).Martorell Alsina, SS.; Martorell-Aygues, P.; Martón Lluch, I.; Sánchez Galdón, AI.; Carlos Alberola, S. (2017). An approach to address probabilistic assumptions on the availability of safety systems for deterministic safety analysis. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. 160:136-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2016.12.009S13615016

The correlation of communication effectiveness and patient satisfaction

This study assessed the correlation of 9 questions addressing communication effectiveness (the Communication Effectiveness Questionnaire [CEQ]) with other patient-reported experience measures (PREMs; satisfaction, perceived empathy) as well as patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs; pain intensity, activity tolerance) in patients with musculoskeletal illness or injury. In a cross-sectional study, 210 patients visiting an orthopedic surgeon completed the CEQ and measures of satisfaction with the visit, perceived empathy, pain intensity, and activity tolerance. We evaluated correlations between CEQ and other PREMs and CEQ and PROMs. We measured ceiling effects of the PREMs. Communication effectiveness correlated moderately with other PREMs such as satisfaction (rho = 0.54; P < .001) and perceived empathy (rho = 0.54; P < .001). Communication effectiveness did not correlate with PROMs: pain intensity (rho = -0.01; P = .93) and activity tolerance (rho = -0.05; P = .44). All of the experience measures have high ceiling effects: perceived empathy 37%, satisfaction 80%, and CEQ 46%. The observation of notable correlations of various PREMs, combined with their high ceiling effects, direct us to identify a likely common statistical construct (which we hypothesize as "relationship") accounting for variation in PREMs, and then develop a PREM which measures that construct in a manner that results in a Gaussian distribution of scores. At least within the limitations of current experience measures, there seems to be no association between illness (PROMs) and experience (PREMs)

Three-loop universal anomalous dimension of the Wilson operators in N=4 SUSY Yang-Mills model

We present results for the three-loop universal anomalous dimension of Wilson twist-2 operators in the N=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills model. These results are obtained by extracting the most complicated contributions from the three loop non-singlet anomalous dimensions in QCD which were calculated recently. Their singularities at j=1 agree with the predictions obtained from the BFKL equation for N=4 SYM in the next-to-leading order. The asymptotics of universal anomalous dimension at large j is in an agreement with the expectations based on an interpolation between weak and strong coupling regimes in the framework of the AdS/CFT correspondence.Comment: LaTeX file, 13 pages, no figures. Some corrections, additional remarks and references. In the last version the analysis of anomalous dimension at j -> 2 was improve