Articulação de saberes : um estudo interdisciplinar em contexto de 1.º CEB

O presente artigo tem como principal intencionalidade divulgar um estudo interdisciplinar, implicando a articulação de saberes das áreas curriculares de Estudo do Meio e Português. Considerando que os docentes devem ter em conta o programa elaborado para os diferentes ciclos, somos de opinião própria que os bons profissionais de educação devem ajustar o exercício profissional e/ou a prática pedagógica às especificidades da turma e dos alunos em prol da melhoria e desenvolvimento das aprendizagens. Com efeito, considerou-se urgente refletir sobre a interdisciplinaridade em contexto de 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB), uma vez que se julga uma temática bastante pertinente e exigente no contexto hodierno. Assim, apresentar-se-á um estudo sobre a implementação da articulação de saberes, recorrendo a “aulas interdisciplinares”, realizado no ano letivo de 2016/17, em contexto de 1.º CEB, numa turma de 3.º ano de escolaridade, numa instituição de ensino privada, da zona metropolitana do Porto, no âmbito da realização de um estágio de prática de ensino supervisionada. As principais fontes de recolha de dados foram a observação participante, com recurso as grelhas de registo, assim como a autoavaliação dos alunos. Do trabalho realizado em contexto, destacaremos uma das cinco aulas interdisciplinares, preparadas com base numa grelha de planificação comum, cuja intencionalidade pode ser compreendida na sua organização: conteúdos interdisciplinares, história escolhida e sinopse da mesma, materiais necessários, conteúdos programáticos e descrição da atividade. Dos resultados de investigação, é de salientar a apresentação e discussão das grelhas de registo, a análise da autoavaliação preenchida pelos alunos e a reflexão da professora estagiária que possibilitam a aferição das potencialidades de exploração interdisciplinar no processo de ensino/aprendizagem, em concreto na articulação das áreas curriculares abrangidas, com benefício para o rendimento escolar dos alunos e consequente motivação e apropriação da e na aprendizagem.This article has as main intention to divulge an interdisciplinary study, implying the articulation ofknowledge of the curricular areas of Study of the Environment and Portuguese. Considering thatteachers must take into account the program developed for the different cycles, we are of the opinionthat good educational professionals should adjust the professional practice and/or pedagogical practiceto the specificities of the class and students for the improvement and development learning. In fact, itwas considered urgent to reflect on interdisciplinarity in the context of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education(CEB), since it is considered a very pertinent and demanding subject in the current context. Thus, astudy on the implementation of articulation of knowledge will be presented, using ”interdisciplinaryclasses”, carried out in the academic year 2016/17, in the context of 1st CEB, in a class of 3rd yearof schooling, in a private educational institution, in the metropolitan area of Porto, in the frameworkof a supervised teaching internship. The main sources of data collection were participant observation,using the registration grids, as well as students’ self-assessment. From the work done in context, wewill highlight one of the five interdisciplinary classes, prepared based on a common planning grid,whose intentionality can be understood in its organization: interdisciplinary contents, chosen history and synopsis of the same, necessary materials. From the research results, it is worth highlighting thepresentation and discussion of the registration grids, the analysis of the self-assessment completed bythe students and the reflection of the trainee teacher that make it possible to gauge the potentialof interdisciplinary exploration in the teaching/learning process, concretely in the articulation ofthe curricular areas covered, with benefits to the students’ academic performance and consequentmotivation and appropriation of and in the learning.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ß-lactamases de espectro alargado em Enterobacteriaceae da flora fecal de idosos

Mestrado em MicrobiologiaA actual situação do envelhecimento das populações e a proliferação de unidades de cuidados de geriatria é uma realidade em expansão. Estas unidades constituem nichos particulares da comunidade no que respeita à disseminação de resistência aos antibióticos podendo considerar-se como reservatórios de estirpes resistentes aos antibióticos. Esta é uma realidade que tem vindo a merecer a atenção da comunidade científica internacional mas ainda pouco divulgada no nosso País. O presente estudo teve como objectivo a detecção de Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de β-lactamases de espectro alargado (BLEA) colonizadoras do tracto intestinal de residentes em lares de idosos da zona norte do País. Nas 184 amostras de fezes, provenientes de residentes autónomos e dependentes de seis lares de idosos da zona norte do País, detectaram-se 58 isolados de Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de BLEA, das espécies Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii, Morganella morganii e dos géneros Klebsiella spp e Enterobacter spp. Nos lares de idosos com mais residentes dependentes registou-se maior número de isolados produtores de BLEA, comparativamente aos lares com maior número de residentes autónomos. A incidência de estirpes produtoras de BLEA detectada em cada lar de idosos, parece depender de características dos residentes em termos de dependência funcional e história de internamento em unidades hospitalares, bem como do tratamento antimicrobiano a que estão sujeitos. Nos isolados produtores de BLEA detectados no estudo verificou-se um predomínio de β-lactamases, com pontos isoeléctricos (pI) característicos de 5,4 e superior a 8,0, estando o fenótipo de BLEA associado principalmente a β-lactamases de pI superior a 8,0. Os genes de resistência aos antibióticos β-lactâmicos podem ser transferidos por processos de tranferência horizontal, através de elementos genéticos móveis, como por exemplo plasmídeos conjugativos, como foi possível demonstrar através de conjugação. O estudo permitiu verificar que os lares de idosos representam um nicho particular da comunidade que poderá funcionar como reservatório de estirpes e genes de resistência aos antibióticos, particularmente aos antibióticos β-lactâmicos. A colonização intestinal de residentes de lares de idosos por Enterobacteriaceae produtoras de BLEA é uma realidade com papel preponderante na disseminação destas estirpes bacterianas. Os lares de idosos assumem-se como unidades de prestação de cuidados de saúde da comunidade, devido às necessidades de prestação de cuidados de saúde aos residentes, particularmente os mais debilitados. É um ambiente relevante na disseminação da resistência a antibióticos, podendo considerar-se importante na introdução de estirpes resistentes aos antibióticos no ambiente hospitalar. O estudo alerta para a necessidade de medidas de controlo de infecção adequadas na prestação de cuidados de saúde aos residentes de lares de idosos. ABSTRACT: The current situation of population aging and the proliferation of Geriatric care facilities is a reality in expansion. Those institutions might be considered as antimicrobial resistant strains reservoirs, playing an important role in antimicrobial resistance dissemination. This reality has been addressed internationally, but in our country this reality was deserved little divulgation. The aim of our study was the detection of Enterobacteriaceae producing Extended Spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) colonizing the intestinal tract of nursing home residents in the Northern area of our Country. In the 184 samples of faeces from independent and dependent residents of six nursing homes in the north of Portugal, 58 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae producing ESBL were detected, the species of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii, Morganella morganii, Klebsiella spp and Enterobacter spp. Nursing homes with more dependent residents showed more isolates producing ESBL, compared to nursing homes with the highest number of autonomous residents. The incidence of ESBL producing strains detected in each nursing home seems to depend on characteristics of residents in terms of functional dependence and history of hospitalization, and the instituted antimicrobial treatment. Among ESBL producers isolated the study there was a predominance of β- lactamases, with characteristic isoelectric points of 5.4 and above 8.0. Genes for resistance to β-lactam antibiotics can be transferred horizontally transferred through mobile genetic elements, such as conjugative plasmids, as demonstrated by conjugation. The study has shown that the nursing homes represent a particular niche of the community that could serve as a reservoir of resistant strains and antibiotic resistance genes, particularly to the β-lactam antibiotics. The intestinal colonization of residents of nursing homes by ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae is a reality with leading role in the spread of these bacterial strains. The nursing homes assume themselves as health care units of the community, because the needs of health care delivery to residents, particularly the weaked ones. This might be considered a namely in the introduction of antimicrobial resistant strains to the hospitals. The study points out the need of adequate infection control measures in the health care of nursing home residents

Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates with focus in succinic acid production

Succinic acid is a platform chemical that plays an important role as precursor for the synthesis of many valuable bio-based chemicals. Its microbial production from renewable resources has seen great developments, specially exploring the use of yeasts to overcome the limitations of using bacteria. The objective of the present work was to screen for succinate-producing isolates, using a yeast collection with different origins and characteristics. Four strains were chosen, two as promising succinic acid producers, in comparison with two low producers. Genome of these isolates was analysed, and differences were found mainly in genes SDH1, SDH3, MDH1 and the transcription factor HAP4, regarding the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms and the gene copy-number profile. Real-time PCR was used to study gene expression of 10 selected genes involved in the metabolic pathway of succinic acid production. Results show that for the non-producing strain, higher expression of genes SDH1, SDH2, ADH1, ADH3, IDH1 and HAP4 was detected, together with lower expression of ADR1 transcription factor, in comparison with the best producer strain. This is the first study showing the capacity of natural yeast isolates to produce high amounts of succinic acid, together with the understanding of the key factors associated, giving clues for strain improvement.This work was supported by the TRANSBIO project from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013, grant agreement No. 289603), by the EcoAgriFood project (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000009) via the North Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Norte 2020) under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, and by FCT I.P. through the strategic funding UID/BIA/04050/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Direct tissue-sensing reprograms TLR4+ Tfh-like cells inflammatory profile in the joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients

Funding Information: We thank Cláudia Andrade for technical support and Juliana Gonçalves for testing samples for SARS-CoV-2 exposure. We are extremely grateful to all the participants of the study and to the whole rheumatology department at Hospital Egas Moniz that made this study possible. This work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) PTDC/MEC-REU/29520/2017, by iNOVA4Health UID/Multi/04462 and by Portuguese Society for Rheumatology (SPR) grants to H.S. H.S. is supported by FCT through IF/01722/2013 and CEECIND/01049/2020, DAS and RCT were supported by FCT through PD/BD/137409/2018 and UID/Multi/04462, respectively. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s).CD4+ T cells mediate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) pathogenesis through both antibody-dependent and independent mechanisms. It remains unclear how synovial microenvironment impinges on CD4+ T cells pathogenic functions. Here, we identified a TLR4+ follicular helper T (Tfh) cell-like population present in the blood and expanded in synovial fluid. TLR4+ T cells possess a two-pronged pathogenic activity whereby direct TLR4+ engagement by endogenous ligands in the arthritic joint reprograms them from an IL-21 response, known to sponsor antibody production towards an IL-17 inflammatory program recognized to fuel tissue damage. Ex vivo, synovial fluid TLR4+ T cells produced IL-17, but not IL-21. Blocking TLR4 signaling with a specific inhibitor impaired IL-17 production in response to synovial fluid recognition. Mechanistically, we unveiled that T-cell HLA-DR regulates their TLR4 expression. TLR4+ T cells appear to uniquely reconcile an ability to promote systemic antibody production with a local synovial driven tissue damage program.publishersversionpublishe

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

DESIGN INCLUSIVO E A MULTIDEFICIÊNCIA: PLATAFORMA DE MATERIAL DIDÁTICO DE APOIO À APRENDIZAGEM ATRAVÉS DA INTEGRAÇÃO SENSORIAL

A Transformação Digital na Saúde (TDS) tem vindo a revolucionar o sector e o modo de traba-lhar dos profissionais de saúde, bem como a comunicação entre estes e os utentes. Os meios tec-nológicos, quando bem implementados, traduzem-se no sucesso de um projeto de transformação benéfico para todos. No entanto, a área da Saúde em Portugal, especialmente o Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS), luta perante a escassez de recursos, o que atrasa a implementação da TDS. O presente projeto e investigação pretende demonstrar a importância que os meios digitais têm no apoio à aprendizagem e na otimização dos procedimentos inerentes às terapias sensoriais e cognitivas, demonstrando o contributo que estes podem oferecer para uma relação e acompanha-mento mais próximo e informado entre utentes, tutores e profissionais de saúde. Este trabalho consistiu na criação de uma plataforma digital de material didático de apoio à aprendizagem através da integração sensorial, pretendendo reforçar a relação entre paciente e pro-fissional de saúde, através de ambientes virtuais que promovam essa comunicação e acompanha-mento. Nesta investigação, começa-se por dissecar e contextualizar a problemática; desenvolver uma revisão de literatura nas áreas do User Experience Design (UX), User Interface Design (UI), Design Centrado no utilizador, o Design inclusivo, os ambientes virtuais e didáticos, e sobre as Tecnologias na Saúde para o utilizador com deficiência; descreve-se as diferentes fases do desen-volvimento da plataforma e a respetiva validação do protótipo nos testes de usabilidade. Através do presente estudo e do protótipo desenhado pretendeu-se conceber uma interface de fácil interação, de forma a se obter uma eficaz utilização remota da plataforma, por parte dos pres-tadores de cuidados e respetivos utentes, nomeadamente na atividade de treino cognitivo e senso-rial