Relación entre la regulación emocional y la autoestima

Introducción: Autoestima y regulación emocional son constructos psicológicos relacionadoscon la salud mental. El presente estudio pretende explorar la relación existenteentre estos dos constructos. Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre la autoestima ydistintas dimensiones de la regulación emocional y conocer cuáles tienen más relacióncon la autoestima. Método: Cien personas, entre 20 y 30 años, de la población generalparticiparon en el estudio (51 mujeres y 49 hombres). Fueron evaluadas a travésdel Cuestionario de Autoestima de Rosenberg (Rosenberg, 1965) y la Escala de Dificultadesen la Regulación Emocional (DERS, Gratz y Roemer, 2004). Resultados: Losresultados muestran una correlación significativa entre la autoestima y las subescalasdel DERS: Atención, Claridad, Aceptación, Funcionamiento y Regulación. El análisisde regresión reveló que las dimensiones más relacionadas con la autoestima fueron laAceptación y la Atención. Conclusión: Es esperable encontrar una relación entre lacapacidad de regular las emociones y un constructo que supone una valoración positivade uno mismo, la autoestima. En concreto, la capacidad de prestar atención a lasemociones y aceptarlas podrían ser aspectos fundamentales en la construcción de unautoconcepto y una valoración de sí mismo positivos. En investigaciones futuras sepropone estudiar en profundidad estas relaciones con el fin de poder realizar recomendacionessobre qué aspectos de la regulación emocional trabajar con el fin de potenciarautoestima y bienestar.Introduction: Self-esteem and emotional regulation are psychological constructs relateto mental health. The current research pretends to explore the relation betweenthese two constructs. Objective: Analyze the relation between self-esteem and differentsdimensions of emotional regulation, and knowing which have more relation withthe self-esteem. Method: one hundred people from the general population participatedin this study (51 women and 49 men), with ages between 20-30 years were evaluatedthrough the Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire (Rosenberg, 1965) and Scale of difficulty in emotional regulation (DERS, Gratz & Roemer, 2004). Results: The resultsshow a significant correlation between self-esteem and the subscales of the DERS: attention,clarity, acceptance, operation and regulation. Regression analysis revealedthat most related to self-esteem dimensions were acceptance and attention. Conclusion:It is expected to find a relationship between the ability to regulate emotions anda construct that implies a positive evaluation of one’s own, the self-esteem. In particular,the ability to pay attention to emotions and accept could be key aspects in constructinga positive self-concept and self-assessment. In future research it is proposedto study in depth these relationships in order to be able to make recommendationsabout which aspects work in emotional regulation in order to enhance self-esteem andwell-being

Can we identify non-stationary dynamics of trial-to-trial variability?"

Identifying sources of the apparent variability in non-stationary scenarios is a fundamental problem in many biological data analysis settings. For instance, neurophysiological responses to the same task often vary from each repetition of the same experiment (trial) to the next. The origin and functional role of this observed variability is one of the fundamental questions in neuroscience. The nature of such trial-to-trial dynamics however remains largely elusive to current data analysis approaches. A range of strategies have been proposed in modalities such as electro-encephalography but gaining a fundamental insight into latent sources of trial-to-trial variability in neural recordings is still a major challenge. In this paper, we present a proof-of-concept study to the analysis of trial-to-trial variability dynamics founded on non-autonomous dynamical systems. At this initial stage, we evaluate the capacity of a simple statistic based on the behaviour of trajectories in classification settings, the trajectory coherence, in order to identify trial-to-trial dynamics. First, we derive the conditions leading to observable changes in datasets generated by a compact dynamical system (the Duffing equation). This canonical system plays the role of a ubiquitous model of non-stationary supervised classification problems. Second, we estimate the coherence of class-trajectories in empirically reconstructed space of system states. We show how this analysis can discern variations attributable to non-autonomous deterministic processes from stochastic fluctuations. The analyses are benchmarked using simulated and two different real datasets which have been shown to exhibit attractor dynamics. As an illustrative example, we focused on the analysis of the rat's frontal cortex ensemble dynamics during a decision-making task. Results suggest that, in line with recent hypotheses, rather than internal noise, it is the deterministic trend which most likely underlies the observed trial-to-trial variability. Thus, the empirical tool developed within this study potentially allows us to infer the source of variability in in-vivo neural recordings

Gestión sostenible del agua y uso de aljibes domésticos, un binomio incompatible

[ES] El aumento de la población en zonas urbanas con el correspondiente incremento de la demanda de agua no ha ido acompañado, en muchos casos, de un crecimiento ordenado de las infraestructuras hidráulicas necesarias para favorecer esta demanda. Este hecho, unido a una insuficiente tasa de renovación de tuberías, ha propiciado que muchas redes se vuelvan incapaces de satisfacer la demanda de todos los consumidores de forma simultánea. A medida que los sistemas se vuelven más ineficientes, el abonado recurre a depósitos domiciliarios, habituales en muchos países sobre todo en los menos desarrollados. En estas condiciones y con la existencia de estos depósitos, los picos de demandan se laminan y la red es capaz de abastecer a los usuarios de forma continua. De esta forma, los sistemas se protegen frente a acusados cambios en la demanda y los usuarios ante posibles servicios intermitentes. Pero frente a estas ventajas, los aljibes presentan innumerables inconvenientes. Uno de los más evidentes y posiblemente el más importante es la pérdida de calidad del agua. Al tiempo de residencia del agua en la red hay que sumar el tiempo que el agua permanece en los depósitos antes de ser consumida, con la consiguiente pérdida de desinfectante (Machell y Boxal, 2012). Por otro lado, son un sumidero de energía. Dado que la red se despresuriza al llegar a estos elementos, la energía que previamente se ha suministrado a la red, se pierde. En tercer lugar, con la presencia de estos elementos, aumentan, generalmente, las pérdidas aparentes, dado que suelen medirse los caudales de entrada a los depósitos cuyos bajos valores corresponden a la zona con errores de subcontaje de las curvas de los contadores. Desde un punto de vista económico, también se ha evidenciado que la presencia de estos elementos supone a largo plazo un coste mayor (Cabrera et al., 2013; Charalambous, 2011). Por último, la existencia de aljibes domiciliarios en las redes de distribución, interfieren en la práctica totalidad de los métodos más comunes de detección de fugas. Este trabajo se centra en este último aspecto, en la inconveniencia de estos elementos desde el punto de vista del control de las pérdidas de agua. Si bien es sencillo conocer el valor del agua incontrolada en una red, no lo es tanto desagregar las fugas, o pérdidas reales, y el agua incontrolada consumida, es decir, las pérdidas aparentes. Porque la presencia de aljibes invalida los métodos comúnmente utilizados para evaluar las fugas al tiempo que dificultan, cuando no imposibilitan, la elaboración de modelos matemáticos calibrados de las redes de abastecimiento, tan útiles para su gestión. El artículo realiza una revisión general de los métodos de detección de fugas y de cómo se ven afectados por su presencia. En definitiva, además de los inconvenientes conocidos y demostrados sobradamente (Cobacho et al., 2008) como son los problemas de calidad o el bajo rendimiento global de las redes que cuentan con estos esquemas de suministro (Soriano et al., 2010), está el problema asociado de la distorsión de los flujos de agua por la red. Conocer el estado de los sistemas es imprescindible para mejorarlos, y el punto de partida debe ser, en la mayoría de casos, conocer el destino del agua que no se consume o no se contabiliza. Sin este diagnóstico difícilmente se pueden fijar estrategias adecuadas que conduzcan a sistemas más eficientes. En definitiva, la presencia de estos elementos imposibilita la gestión sostenible de los sistemas razón por la que en el trabajo también se establecen directrices para erradicarlos.Gomez Selles, E.; Cabrera Marcet, E.; Soriano Olivares, J.; Balaguer-Garrigós, M. (2015). Gestión sostenible del agua y uso de aljibes domésticos, un binomio incompatible. Universidad de Córdoba. 859-868. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/142692S85986

¿Cuánto volumen de agua no son capaces de registrar los contadores de agua nuevos utilizados comúnmente en los hogares españoles?

[ES] Los contadores de agua están asumiendo un protagonismo principal en la gestión de cualquier abastecimiento, debido al continuo aumento del precio del agua. Un mayor coste del agua implica un mayor impacto de los contadores sobre los ingresos del abastecimiento. Hasta la fecha, las publicaciones existentes y los fabricantes únicamente se han limitado a publicar el error de medición a los caudales que marca la Norma ISO 4064 para contadores domésticos nuevos (curva de error), pero este dato en sí mismo no ofrece una información íntegra acerca del desempeño del contador. Lo realmente transcendental es conocer el porcentaje del volumen de agua que el contador no es capaz de registrar en un determinado abonado, es decir, su error global. Los contadores de agua, como todos los instrumentos metrológicos, tienen asociados un error de medición independientemente de la tecnología de medición que utilicen. (Crimisi et al. 2009, Mutikanga 2011b, Mukheibir 2011). Una vez instalados no son capaces de registrar la cantidad de agua consumida por los usuarios, independiente de la tecnología de medición empleada por el contador. Generalmente, una parte del agua consumida no es registrada por los contadores, y por tanto este volumen no es facturado al usuario. Estos errores de medición forman parte de las pérdidas aparentes y deben ser calculados si se desea mejorar la eficiencia del abastecimiento (Alegre et al., 2006). El primer aspecto que debe considerarse es que el error de medición no es independiente del caudal circulante a través del contador (Arregui et al., 2006a). Generalmente, a bajos caudales los errores son más grandes y más sensibles a variables externas, mientras que a caudales medios y altos los errores son más pequeños. Por consiguiente, la diferencia entre la cantidad de agua registrada por el contador y el volumen consumido depende de dos parámetros: el patrón de consumo del usuario y de las características de la curva de error del contador. Para analizar el desempeño de los contadores de agua nuevos hemos ensayado distintos modelos de contadores utilizados hoy en día en España. Para obtener el error global hemos utilizado 2 patrones con características distintas, uno de ellos con conexión directa a red, y otro con conexión a un depósito domiciliario.Arregui De La Cruz, F.; Balaguer-Garrigós, M.; Gomez Selles, E.; Soriano Olivares, J. (2015). ¿Cuánto volumen de agua no son capaces de registrar los contadores de agua nuevos utilizados comúnmente en los hogares españoles?. Universidad de Córdoba. 717-726. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/142691S71772

Aquaporin-11 Contributes to TGF-β1-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Human Visceral Adipocytes: Role in Obesity-Associated Inflammation

Aquaporin-11 (AQP11) is expressed in human adipocytes, but its functional role remains unknown. Since AQP11 is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein that transports water, glycerol, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), we hypothesized that this superaquaporin is involved in ER stress induced by lipotoxicity and inflammation in human obesity. AQP11 expression was assessed in 67 paired visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue samples obtained from patients with morbid obesity and normal-weight individuals. We found that obesity and obesity-associated type 2 diabetes increased (p < 0.05) AQP11 mRNA and protein in visceral adipose tissue, but not subcutaneous fat. Accordingly, AQP11 mRNA was upregulated (p < 0.05) during adipocyte differentiation and lipolysis, two biological processes altered in the obese state. Subcellular fractionation and confocal microscopy studies confirmed its presence in the ER plasma membrane of visceral adipocytes. Proinflammatory factors TNF-α, and particularly TGF-β1, downregulated (p < 0.05) AQP11 mRNA and protein expression and reinforced its subcellular distribution surrounding lipid droplets. Importantly, the AQP11 gene knockdown increased (p < 0.05) basal and TGF-β1-induced expression of the ER markers ATF4 and CHOP. Together, the downregulation of AQP11 aggravates TGF-β1-induced ER stress in visceral adipocytes. Owing to its "peroxiporin" properties, AQP11 overexpression in visceral fat might constitute a compensatory mechanism to alleviate ER stress in obesity

Binding of Estrogenic Compounds to Recombinant Estrogen Receptor-α: Application to Environmental Analysis

Estrogenic activity in environmental samples could be mediated through a wide variety of compounds and by various mechanisms. High-affinity compounds for estrogen receptors (ERs), such as natural or synthetic estrogens, as well as low-affinity compounds such as alkylphenols, phthalates, and polychlorinated biphenyls are present in water and sediment samples. Furthermore, compounds such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which do not bind ERs, modulate estrogen activity by means of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). In order to characterize compounds that mediate estrogenic activity in river water and sediment samples, we developed a tool based on the ER-αligand-binding domain, which permitted us to estimate contaminating estrogenic compound affinities. We designed a simple transactivation assay in which compounds of high affinity were captured by limited amounts of recombinant ER-αand whose capture led to a selective inhibition of transactivation. This approach allowed us to bring to light that water samples contain estrogenic compounds that display a high affinity for ERs but are present at low concentrations. In sediment samples, on the contrary, we showed that estrogenic compounds possess a low affinity and are present at high concentration. Finally, we used immobilized recombinant ER-αto separate ligands for ER and AhR that are present in river sediments. Immobilized ER-α, which does not retain dioxin-like compounds, enabled us to isolate and concentrate ER ligands to facilitate their further analysis

The Impact of a Novel Immersive Virtual Reality Technology Associated with Serious Games in Parkinson’s Disease Patients on Upper Limb Rehabilitation: A Mixed Methods Intervention Study.

Background: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes impaired motor functions. Virtual reality technology may be recommended to optimize motor learning in a safe environment. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the e ects of a novel immersive virtual reality technology used for serious games (Oculus Rift 2 plus leap motion controller—OR2-LMC) for upper limb outcomes (muscle strength, coordination, speed of movements, fine and gross dexterity). Another objective was to obtain qualitative data for participants’ experiences related to the intervention. Methods: A mixed methods intervention (embedded) study was used, with a qualitative design after a technology intervention (quantitative design). The intervention and qualitative design followed international guidelines and were integrated into the method and reporting subheadings. Results: Significant improvements were observed in strength (p = 0.028), fine (p = 0.026 to 0.028) and gross coordination dexterity, and speed movements (p = 0.039) in the a ected side, with excellent compliance (100%) and a high level of satisfaction (3.66 0.18 points out of the maximum of 4). No adverse side e ects were observed. Qualitative findings described patients’ perspectives regarding OR2-LMC treatment, facilitators and barriers for adherence, OR2-LMC applications, and treatment improvements. Conclusions: The intervention showed positive results for the upper limbs, with elements of discordance, expansion, and confirmation between qualitative and quantitative results.post-print1.962 K

Profiling of benzophenone derivatives using fish and human estrogen receptor-specific in vitro bioassays.

International audienceBenzophenone (BP) derivatives, BP1 (2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone), BP2 (2,2',4,4'-tetrahydroxybenzophenone), BP3 (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone), and THB (2,4,4'-trihydroxybenzophenone) are UV-absorbing chemicals widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmetics, and industrial applications, such as topical sunscreens in lotions and hair sprays to protect skin and hair from UV irradiation. Studies on their endocrine disrupting properties have mostly focused on their interaction with human estrogen receptor alpha (hERalpha), and there has been no comprehensive analysis of their potency in a system allowing comparison between hERalpha and hERbeta activities. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive ER activation profile of BP derivatives using ER from human and fish origin in a battery of in vitro tests, i.e., competitive binding, reporter gene based assays, vitellogenin (Vtg) induction in isolated rainbow trout hepatocytes, and proliferation based assays. The ability to induce human androgen receptor (hAR)-mediated reporter gene expression was also examined. All BP derivatives tested except BP3 were full hERalpha and hERbeta agonists (BP2>THB>BP1) and displayed a stronger activation of hERbeta compared with hERalpha, the opposite effect to that of estradiol (E2). Unlike E2, BPs were more active in rainbow trout ERalpha (rtERalpha) than in hERalpha assay. All four BP derivatives showed anti-androgenic activity (THB>BP2>BP1>BP3). Overall, the observed anti-androgenic potencies of BP derivatives, together with their proposed greater effect on ERbeta versus ERalpha activation, support further investigation of their role as endocrine disrupters in humans and wildlife

A Case of Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State Associated with Graves' Hyperthyroidism: A Case Report

Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) is an acute complication mostly occurring in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Thyrotoxicosis causes dramatic increase of glycogen degradation and/or gluconeogenesis and enhances breakdown of triglycerides. Thus, in general, it augments glucose intolerance in diabetic patients. A 23-yr-old female patient with Graves' disease and type 2 DM, complying with methimazole and insulin injection, had symptoms of nausea, polyuria and generalized weakness. Her serum glucose and osmolarity were 32.7 mM/L, and 321 mosm/kg, respectively. Thyroid function tests revealed that she had more aggravated hyperthyroid status; 0.01 mU/L TSH and 2.78 pM/L free T3 (reference range, 0.17-4.05, 0.31-0.62, respectively) than when she was discharged two weeks before (0.12 mU/L TSH and 1.41 pM/L free T3). Being diagnosed as HHS and refractory Graves' hyperthyroidism, she was treated successfully with intravenous fluids, insulin and high doses of methimazole (90 mg daily). Here, we described the case of a woman with Graves' disease and type 2 DM developing to HHS

BLISS: an artificial language for learnability studies

To explore neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the human language faculty, cognitive scientists use artificial languages to control more precisely the language learning environment and to study selected aspects of natural languages. Artificial languages applied in cognitive studies are usually designed ad hoc, to only probe a specific hypothesis, and they include a miniature grammar and a very small vocabulary. The aim of the present study is the construction of an artificial language incorporating both syntax and semantics, BLISS. Of intermediate complexity, BLISS mimics natural languages by having a vocabulary, syntax, and some semantics, as defined by a degree of non-syntactic statistical dependence between words. We quantify, using information theoretical measures, dependencies between words in BLISS sentences as well as differences between the distinct models we introduce for semantics. While modeling English syntax in its basic version, BLISS can be easily varied in its internal parametric structure, thus allowing studies of the relative learnability of different parameter sets