Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Post COVID-19 Infection, A Case Report

COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Many centers have noticed a high number of venous thromboembolism (VTE) events among critically ill inpatients with COVID-19 pneumonia. COVID-19 infection is associated with high morbidity and mortality largely due to respiratory failure, with micro vascular pulmonary thrombosis or PE originating from the leg veins playing an additional important pathophysiological role. Having undiagnosed or untreated PE may worsen patient outcomes and use of empiric therapeutic anticoagulation in certain COVID patients who do not have PE/DVT has been advocated. Here, we report a cases of COVID-19, in which massive pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) occurred a few days after discharge

Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017

Since 2000, many countries have achieved considerable success in improving child survival, but localized progress remains unclear. To inform efforts towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.2—to end preventable child deaths by 2030—we need consistently estimated data at the subnational level regarding child mortality rates and trends. Here we quantified, for the period 2000–2017, the subnational variation in mortality rates and number of deaths of neonates, infants and children under 5 years of age within 99 low- and middle-income countries using a geostatistical survival model. We estimated that 32% of children under 5 in these countries lived in districts that had attained rates of 25 or fewer child deaths per 1,000 live births by 2017, and that 58% of child deaths between 2000 and 2017 in these countries could have been averted in the absence of geographical inequality. This study enables the identification of high-mortality clusters, patterns of progress and geographical inequalities to inform appropriate investments and implementations that will help to improve the health of all populations

Survey on Ionizing Radiation Including Gamma-Ray Exposure among the Medical Staff Working in the Non-Intensive Ward of Farshchian Cardiovascular Hospital in Hamadan, Iran

Background and Objective: With the increase of cardiovascular diseases worldwide, diagnostic and therapeutic measures, particularly nuclear medicine technology, have also increased. A multiplicity of diagnostic procedures are used for treating many patients with cardiovascular diseases in Farshchian Cardiovascular Hospital, Hamadan, Iran; therefore, the staff of this hospital, especially non-intensive care workers, have encountered a large number of these patients and have fear and concerns caused by this exposure. In this regard, this study aimed to determine the exposure of staff working in non-intensive care units of this Cardiovascular Hospital to ionizing radiation, including gamma-ray. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in which 40 film badges (for radiation measurement) were attached to staff working in two separated inpatient wards (Ward A and Ward B) from non-intensive wards of Farshchian Cardiovascular Hospital in three separate shifts (morning, evening, and night) and in three occupational categories, including nurses, health workers, and service provider staff.[A1]  The amount of radiation exposure of people (in mSv) was measured in two separate sections for four mounths (the first two months, the second two months) and SPSS version 26 software was used to analyze the data. Results: Exposure to ionizing radiation, including gamma-ray, in all three occupational categories of nurses, health workers, and service providers was less than 0.05 mSv in both wards, all below the risk threshold. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the exposure of nurses, health workers, and service providers working in the studied wards to ionizing radiation (e.g., gamma-ray) was within the permissible limit; therefore, the working environment of these employees is safe to take care of patients  [A1]There is one sentence in Persian abstract which was not translated here. Please check

Association of Country Income Level With the Characteristics and Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients Hospitalized With Acute Kidney Injury and COVID-19

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been identified as one of the most common and significant problems in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. However, studies examining the relationship between COVID-19 and AKI in low- and low-middle income countries (LLMIC) are lacking. Given that AKI is known to carry a higher mortality rate in these countries, it is important to understand differences in this population. Methods: This prospective, observational study examines the AKI incidence and characteristics of 32,210 patients with COVID-19 from 49 countries across all income levels who were admitted to an intensive care unit during their hospital stay. Results: Among patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit, AKI incidence was highest in patients in LLMIC, followed by patients in upper-middle income countries (UMIC) and high-income countries (HIC) (53%, 38%, and 30%, respectively), whereas dialysis rates were lowest among patients with AKI from LLMIC and highest among those from HIC (27% vs. 45%). Patients with AKI in LLMIC had the largest proportion of community-acquired AKI (CA-AKI) and highest rate of in-hospital death (79% vs. 54% in HIC and 66% in UMIC). The association between AKI, being from LLMIC and in-hospital death persisted even after adjusting for disease severity. Conclusions: AKI is a particularly devastating complication of COVID-19 among patients from poorer nations where the gaps in accessibility and quality of healthcare delivery have a major impact on patient outcomes