Evidencia serológica de infección por herpesvirus caprino tipo 1 en cabras en México

Serologic studies of caprine herpesvirus type 1 infection (CpHV-1) have not been done to date in Mexico. A serological survey was conducted to identify the presence of anti-CpHV antibodies with two widely used blocking ELISA tests for detection of antibodies against bovine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein B (gB) and anti-glycoprotein E (gE). Of the 838 tested animals, 123 (14.68 %) were positive with the ELISA test. Anti-CpHV-1 antibodies were detected in samples from the states of Puebla, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Mexico City, Guanajuato and Queretaro. This is the first report of the presence of antibodies against caprine herpesvirus-1 in Mexico.En México no se han realizado estudios serológicos sobre herpesvirus caprino tipo 1 con el propósito de saber el estado de la infección por CpHV-1. Se llevó a cabo un análisis serológico para determinar la presencia de anticuerpos contra el virus usando un ELISA de bloqueo comercial para detección de anticuerpos contra la glicoproteína B (gB) y glicoproteína E (gE) del herpesvirus bovino tipo 1, de acuerdo con la prueba diagnóstica que se utiliza de forma rutinaria. De un total de 838 animales analizados, 123 (14.68 %) resultaron positivos a la prueba de ELISA. En los estados de Puebla, Morelos, Nuevo León, Ciudad de México, Guanajuato y Querétaro se encontró evidencia serológica de la presencia del CpHV-1 en cabras. Este reporte es el primer estudio que señala la presencia de anticuerpos contra herpesvirus caprino en cabras en México

Experiència de flexibilitat metodològica en el procés d'ensenyament-aprenentatge. El cas de l'assignatura del grau de Farmàcia 'Biomembranes: estudis fisicoquímics'

Es descriu l'experiència realitzada en l'assignatura optativa Biomembranes: estudis fisicoquímics del Grau de Farmàcia de la UB. Aquest aspecte comporta formar un grup no molt nombrós d'estudiants i permet realitzar experiències metodològiques noves introduint aspectes de flexibilitat per a estudiants i professors. Es van establir els objectius competencials i es va dissenyar un programa flexible respecte a continguts, a activitats i dimensió espai-temps amb resultats satisfactoris

Caracterización de bacterias halófilas aisladas de un cultivo a cielo abierto tipo raceway de espirulina

Los microorganismos halófilos tienen su origen en los tres dominios de la vida: Archea, Bacteria y Eucarya. Con el objetivo de caracterizar morfológica y molecularmente 6 cepas bacterias halófilas aisladas de un cultivo a cielo abierto en sistema “raceway” de espirulina, se realizó una prueba fisiológica para definir el rango de salinidad en el que las cepas bacterianas presentan crecimiento, éstas se inocularon en agar nutritivo a diferentes porcentajes de NaCl, en intervalos de 5, desde 5 hasta 20%. Además, se les aplicó la tinción de Gram y las pruebas bioquímicas de catalasa y oxidasa. El análisis molecular constó del aislamiento de DNA genómico y mediante la PCR se amplificó y secuenció la región del 16S DNAr. Las secuencias obtenidas se analizaron con el algoritmo del BLAST del NCBI. La comparación de las secuencias de las cepas estudiadas, así como los datos morfológicos y bioquímicos mostraron que pertenecen a los géneros: Bacillus, Halomonas y Pseudomonas.The halophilic microorganisms have their origin in the three domains of life: Archea, Bacteria and Eucarya. Due to the fact of characterize morphologically and molecularly six strains of halophilic bacteria isolated from an open sky growing in a race-way system of spirulina. A physiological test was made to define the range of salinity where the bacterial strains demonstrate growth; these were inoculated in nutritive agar in different percentages of NaCl in intervals of 5, from 5 to 20%. Also, a Gram’s dying process was applied as well as catalase and oxidase biochemical tests were made. The molecular analysis was about isolating genomic DNA, the 16s DNAr was amplified by PCR. The sequences gotten were analyzed with the BLAST in the database NCBI. The comparison between the sequence of strains studied as well as the morphological and biochemical data showed that these belong to the gender of Bacillus, Halomonas and Pseudomonas

Mutations in TRIM63 cause an autosomal-recessive form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Objective: Up to 50% of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) show no disease-causing variants in genetic studies. TRIM63 has been suggested as a candidate gene for the development of cardiomyopathies, although evidence for a causative role in HCM is limited. We sought to investigate the relationship between rare variants in TRIM63 and the development of HCM. Methods: TRIM63 was sequenced by next generation sequencing in 4867 index cases with a clinical diagnosis of HCM and in 3628 probands with other cardiomyopathies. Additionally, 3136 index cases with familial cardiovascular diseases other than cardiomyopathy (mainly channelopathies and aortic diseases) were used as controls. Results: Sixteen index cases with rare homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in TRIM63 (15 HCM and one restrictive cardiomyopathy) were included. No homozygous or compound heterozygous were identified in the control population. Familial evaluation showed that only homozygous and compound heterozygous had signs of disease, whereas all heterozygous family members were healthy. The mean age at diagnosis was 35 years (range 15-69). Fifty per cent of patients had concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and 45% were asymptomatic at the moment of the first examination. Significant degrees of late gadolinium enhancement were detected in 80% of affected individuals, and 20% of patients had left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Fifty per cent had non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Twenty per cent of patients suffered an adverse cerebrovascular event (20%). Conclusion: TRIM63 appears to be an uncommon cause of HCM inherited in an autosomal-recessive manner and associated with concentric LVH and a high rate of LV dysfunction

Revealing the last 13,500 years of environmental history from the multiproxy record of a mountain lake (Lago Enol, northern Iberian Peninsula)

This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10933-009-9387-7.We present the Holocene sequence from Lago Enol (43°16′N, 4°59′W, 1,070 m a.s.l.), Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain. A multiproxy analysis provided comprehensive information about regional humidity and temperature changes. The analysis included sedimentological descriptions, physical properties, organic carbon and carbonate content, mineralogy and geochemical composition together with biological proxies including diatom and ostracod assemblages. A detailed pollen study enabled reconstruction of variations in vegetation cover, which were interpreted in the context of climate changes and human impact. Four distinct stages were recognized for the last 13,500 years: (1) a cold and dry episode that includes the Younger Dryas event (13,500–11,600 cal. year BP); (2) a humid and warmer period characterizing the onset of the Holocene (11,600–8,700 cal. year BP); (3) a tendency toward a drier climate during the middle Holocene (8,700–4,650 cal. year BP); and (4) a return to humid conditions following landscape modification by human activity (pastoral activities, deforestation) in the late Holocene (4,650–2,200 cal. year BP). Superimposed on relatively stable landscape conditions (e.g. maintenance of well established forests), the typical environmental variability of the southern European region is observed at this site.The Spanish Inter-Ministry Commission of Science and Technology (CICYT), the Spanish National Parks agency, the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Science, and the European Social Fund

Revealing the last 13,500 years of environmental history from the multiproxy record of a mountain lake (Lago Enol, northern Iberian Peninsula)

This is the author's accepted manuscript. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10933-009-9387-7.We present the Holocene sequence from Lago Enol (43°16′N, 4°59′W, 1,070 m a.s.l.), Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain. A multiproxy analysis provided comprehensive information about regional humidity and temperature changes. The analysis included sedimentological descriptions, physical properties, organic carbon and carbonate content, mineralogy and geochemical composition together with biological proxies including diatom and ostracod assemblages. A detailed pollen study enabled reconstruction of variations in vegetation cover, which were interpreted in the context of climate changes and human impact. Four distinct stages were recognized for the last 13,500 years: (1) a cold and dry episode that includes the Younger Dryas event (13,500–11,600 cal. year BP); (2) a humid and warmer period characterizing the onset of the Holocene (11,600–8,700 cal. year BP); (3) a tendency toward a drier climate during the middle Holocene (8,700–4,650 cal. year BP); and (4) a return to humid conditions following landscape modification by human activity (pastoral activities, deforestation) in the late Holocene (4,650–2,200 cal. year BP). Superimposed on relatively stable landscape conditions (e.g. maintenance of well established forests), the typical environmental variability of the southern European region is observed at this site.The Spanish Inter-Ministry Commission of Science and Technology (CICYT), the Spanish National Parks agency, the European Commission, the Spanish Ministry of Science, and the European Social Fund

Risk factors for non-diabetic renal disease in diabetic patients

Background. Diabetic patients with kidney disease have a high prevalence of non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD). Renal and patient survival regarding the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) or NDRD have not been widely studied. The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of NDRD in patients with diabetes and to determine the capacity of clinical and analytical data in the prediction of NDRD. In addition, we will study renal and patient prognosis according to the renal biopsy findings in patients with diabetes. Methods. Retrospective multicentre observational study of renal biopsies performed in patients with diabetes from 2002 to 2014. Results. In total, 832 patients were included: 621 men (74.6%), mean age of 61.7 6 12.8 years, creatinine was 2.8 6 2.2 mg/dL and proteinuria 2.7 (interquartile range: 1.2–5.4) g/24 h. About 39.5% (n ¼ 329) of patients had DN, 49.6% (n ¼ 413) NDRD and 10.8% (n ¼ 90) mixed forms. The most frequent NDRD was nephroangiosclerosis (NAS) (n ¼ 87, 9.3%). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, older age [odds ratio (OR) ¼ 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05, P < 0.001], microhaematuria (OR ¼ 1.51, 95% CI: 1.03–2.21, P ¼ 0.033) and absence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) (OR ¼ 0.28, 95% CI: 0.19–0.42, P < 0.001) were independently associated with NDRD. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients with DN or mixed forms presented worse renal prognosis than NDRD (P < 0.001) and higher mortality (P ¼ 0.029). In multivariate Cox analyses, older age (P < 0.001), higher serum creatinine (P < 0.001), higher proteinuria (P < 0.001), DR (P ¼ 0.007) and DN (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for renal replacement therapy. In addition, older age (P < 0.001), peripheral vascular disease (P ¼ 0.002), higher creatinine (P ¼ 0.01) and DN (P ¼ 0.015) were independent risk factors for mortality. Conclusions. The most frequent cause of NDRD is NAS. Elderly patients with microhaematuria and the absence of DR are the ones at risk for NDRD. Patients with DN presented worse renal prognosis and higher mortality than those with NDRD. These results suggest that in some patients with diabetes, kidney biopsy may be useful for an accurate renal diagnosis and subsequently treatment and prognosis

Genome-wide association analysis of dementia and its clinical endophenotypes reveal novel loci associated with Alzheimer's disease and three causality networks : The GR@ACE project

Introduction: Large variability among Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases might impact genetic discoveries and complicate dissection of underlying biological pathways. Methods: Genome Research at Fundacio ACE (GR@ACE) is a genome-wide study of dementia and its clinical endophenotypes, defined based on AD's clinical certainty and vascular burden. We assessed the impact of known AD loci across endophenotypes to generate loci categories. We incorporated gene coexpression data and conducted pathway analysis per category. Finally, to evaluate the effect of heterogeneity in genetic studies, GR@ACE series were meta-analyzed with additional genome-wide association study data sets. Results: We classified known AD loci into three categories, which might reflect the disease clinical heterogeneity. Vascular processes were only detected as a causal mechanism in probable AD. The meta-analysis strategy revealed the ANKRD31-rs4704171 and NDUFAF6-rs10098778 and confirmed SCIMP-rs7225151 and CD33-rs3865444. Discussion: The regulation of vasculature is a prominent causal component of probable AD. GR@ACE meta-analysis revealed novel AD genetic signals, strongly driven by the presence of clinical heterogeneity in the AD series

HIV in Spain 2017: policies for a new management of chronicity beyond virological control

The analysis of the available databases related to HIV/AIDS confirms a paradigm shift in the patient's life expectancy: now HIV has become a chronic disease, so patients are aging. However, this advance is accompanied by a negative counterpart: due to the increase in the number of years of life gained, there is a prevalence of comorbidities greater than the general population and at an earlier age. Reducing the risk associated with all the comorbidities that the ageing patient with HIV/AIDS may develop, must now be a health objective; it must be added to the traditional objectives that until now were part of the strategy to reduce the impact of the HIV infection. In the specific case of women, it is also necessary to train peri and postmenopausal women to increase their skills and motivation to care for their health; It is also very important to examine the role that hormone replacement therapy can play in reducing their symptoms.El análisis de las bases de datos disponibles relacionadas con VIH/SIDA confirma un cambio de paradigma en la esperanza de vida del pa-ciente: ahora el VIH se ha convertido en una enfermedad crónica, con la que los pacientes están envejeciendo. No obstante, este avance se acompaña de una contraparte negativa: debido al incremento en el número de años de vida ganados, se da una prevalencia de comorbilidades mayor a la de la población general y a una edad más temprana. Reducir el riesgo asociado a todas las comorbilidades que puede desarrollar el paciente con VIH/SIDA mientras envejece debe ser hoy en día un objetivo de salud, que se suma a los objetivos tradicionales que hasta ahora formaban parte de la estrategia para reducir el impacto de la infección por el VIH. En el caso específico de la mujer, además es necesario formar a las mujeres peri y postmenopáusi-cas para incrementar sus habilidades y su motivación para el cuidado de su salud; también es muy importante que se examine el rol que puede tener la terapia de reemplazo hormonal en la reducción de sus síntomas. Palabras clave: VIH, SIDA, Comorbilidad, Cronicidad, Envejeci-miento, Política sanitaria, Gestión clínicaEl presente trabajo ha sido editado por la Fundación Gaspar Casal, con ayuda del patrocinio de Gilead Sciences.S