Genetic Evolution of a Helicobacter pylori Acid-Sensing Histidine Kinase and Gastric Disease

Helicobacter pylori is the strongest risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma, which develops within a hypochlorhydric environment. We sequentially isolated H. pylori (strain J99) from a patient who developed corpus-predominant gastritis and hypochlorhydia over a 6-year interval. Archival J99 survived significantly better under acidic conditions than recent J99 strains. H. pylori arsRS encodes a 2-component system critical for stress responses; recent J99 isolates harbored 2 nonsynonymous arsS mutations, and arsS inactivation abolished acid survival. In vivo, acid-resistant archival, but not recent J99, successfully colonized high-acid-secreting rodents. Thus, genetic evolution of arsS may influence progression to hypochlorhydia and gastric cancer

Desempeño sísmico de un edificio aporticado de siete pisos diseñado con el Reglamento Nacional de Construcciones y aceptando una deriva máxima de 1%

En los últimos 130 años, en el país no hemos tenido terremotos severos y nuestras edificaciones de concreto armado no han sido probadas en condiciones sísmicas severas. Las normas de edificaciones del Perú y la mayoría de las normas del mundo están basadas en criterios de protección ante un solo nivel de amenaza sísmica. Por esta razón es necesario estudiar el desempeño sísmico de nuestras edificaciones ante diferentes niveles de demanda sísmica. Se diseñó y evaluó un edificio aporticado de 7 pisos ubicado sobre una zona sísmica y cimentado sobre suelo bueno; con planta rectangular de 33x22m y columnas espaciadas cada 5.5m. Para el diseño se emplearon las normas peruanas y para la evaluación del desempeño se usó la propuesta del Comité Visión 2000 del SEAOC; para estimar la respuesta se utilizaron procedimientos de análisis no lineal basado en espectros de demanda y capacidad. El diseño condujo a un edificio con columnas de 45x45cm y vigas 25x50cm con una deriva máxima de 10 0/00, bajo las solicitaciones de las normas peruanas (terremoto de 500 años de periodo de retorno). De los resultados obtenidos, la estructura del edificio tiene una ductilidad de 3.95 y una sobrerresistencia de 1.2, respecto a la fluencia efectiva. Respecto a la demanda del código el edificio alcanzó una sobrerresistencia al colapso de 2.1. De acuerdo al desempeño desarrollado en el edificio para un sismo frecuente y ocasional la estructura presentaría pequeñas incursiones inelásticas y quedaría en estado funcional para la dirección transversal (X-X); pero para la dirección longitudinal (Y-Y) la estructura quedaría operacional en un sismo frecuente y funcional para un sismo ocasional. Para un sismo raro en la dirección transversal la estructura quedaría cerca al colapso. De acuerdo a la propuesta del SEAOC el edificio tendría un excelente comportamiento en sismos frecuentes y un comportamiento cercano al colapso en sismos raros. Los resultados de este trabajo indican que los nuevos limites de deriva establecidos permiten estructuras no tan robustas cumpliendo con las demandas de los sismos; de tal manera de tener estructuras mas económicas que cumplan con las exigencias de las normas sismorresistentes.Tesi

Diseño Instruccional en una educación ubicua para mejorar el aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios, Guayaquil 2022.

The objective of this research is to analyze and implement an instructional design in a ubiquitous education to improve learning in students of the Basic Education career of the University of Guayaquil, by virtue of being going through a pandemic that prevents face-to-face processes. educational. The population consisted of 43 teachers and 120 eighth semester students; In the first instance, a bibliographical and documentary research on instructional designs was carried out and the methodology used was quantitative, under a non-experimental approach of a descriptive transactional type, the main results indicate that the knowledge about the management of intelligent electronic devices, the use of Learning platforms and instructional design are very scarce, which are essential at the present time. From all of the above, it can be deduced that training should be carried out on the PACIE methodology, management and management of virtual classrooms in Moodle, aimed at the two strata: teachers and students as the viable alternative that will overcome the limitations of time and space, allowing continuity. of the pedagogical processes due to the restriction of face-to-face attendance due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar e implementar un diseño instruccional en una educación ubicua para mejorar el aprendizaje en los estudiantes de la carrera de Educación Básica de la Universidad de Guayaquil, en virtud de estar atravesando una pandemia que impide la presencialidad en los procesos educativos. La población estuvo compuesta por 43 docentes y 120 estudiantes de octavo semestre; en primer instancia se efectuó una investigación bibliográfica y documental sobre diseños instruccionales y la metodología que se empleó fue la cuantitativa, bajo un enfoque no experimental de tipo descriptiva transaccional, los principales resultados señalan que los conocimientos sobre el manejo de dispositivos electrónicos inteligentes, uso de  plataformas de aprendizaje y diseño instruccional son muy escasos los cuales son indispensables en los actuales momentos. De todo lo anterior se deduce  que se debe realizar capacitaciones sobre metodología PACIE, gestión y manejo de aulas virtuales en Moodle, dirigidas a los dos estratos: docentes y estudiantes como la alternativa viable que permitirá superar las limitantes de tiempo y espacio, permitiendo la continuidad de los procesos pedagógicos debido a la restricción de la presencialidad por efectos de la pandemia del COVID – 19

Teaching-Communication Methodologies in the Medical Profession

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66477/2/10.1177_108056997603900103.pd

Comprehensive sexual education program for the prevention of adolescent pregnancy in regular basic education students. Sechura 2022

This article: "Comprehensive Sexual Education Program for the Prevention of Adolescent Pregnancy in Regular Basic Education Students, Sechura, 2022", was investigated developing a qualitative approach of a descriptive type whose design is non-experimental, since the research problem is focuses on the following question: Is it possible to develop a comprehensive sexual education program to prevent adolescent pregnancy in students of Regular Basic Education - EBR in the province of Sechura? It should be noted that the situation regarding the problem of adolescent pregnancies constitutes a problem that affects the public health of our society; For this reason, I express my special interest in addressing this problem, since to contribute to its solution it has a lot to do with the educational issue.   The diagnosis made shows us that there is a wide misinformation on this subject, adolescents are unaware of the meaning of the term sexuality; They are also unaware of the dangers of having sex without proper protection. On the other hand, they are unaware of the use of contraceptive methods despite the fact that the vast majority of adolescents begin their sexual awakening between twelve and thirteen years of age. The research proposes the realization of an intervention program which will be applied extracurricularly, with the purpose of being able to generate significant changes in the community: students and parents. For the fulfillment of this effect, the committed participation of tutors and teachers is required, who will have the responsibility of being able to apply this proposal.El presente artículo : “Programa de Educación Sexual Integral para la Prevención del Embarazo Adolescente en Estudiantes de Educación Básica Regular, Sechura, 2022”, se investigó  desarrollando un enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo cuyo diseño es no experimental, pues el problema de la investigación se centra en la siguiente interrogante: ¿Es posible desarrollar un programa de educación sexual integral para prevenir el embarazo adolescente en estudiantes de Educación Básica Regular – EBR en la provincia de Sechura? Cabe destacar que la situación respecto al problema de los embarazos adolescentes constituye un problema que afecta la salud pública de nuestra sociedad; por ello expreso mi especial interés en abordar este problema, ya que para aportar en su solución tiene que ver mucho con el tema educativo.  El diagnóstico realizado nos muestra que existe una amplia desinformación sobre este tema, los adolescentes desconocen el significado del término sexualidad; así como también no son conscientes de los peligros que encierra el hecho de mantener relaciones sexuales sin la debida protección. Por otra parte, desconocen del uso de los métodos anticonceptivos a pesar de que la gran mayoría de adolescentes inician su despertar sexual entre los doce y trece años de edad. La investigación propone la realización de un programa de intervención el cual se aplicará de manera extracurricular, con la finalidad de poder generar cambios significativos en la colectividad: estudiantes y padres de familia. Para el cumplimiento de tal efecto se requiere de la participación comprometida de los tutores y docentes quienes tendrán la responsabilidad de poder aplicar la presente propuesta

Learning from each other in the COVID-19 pandemic

The increase in cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide has been paralleled by increasing information, and misinformation. Accurate public health messaging is essential to counter this, but education may also have a role. Early in the outbreak, The London School of Hygiene &amp; Tropical Medicine partnered with FutureLearn to develop a massive open online course (MOOC) on COVID-19. Our approach was grounded in social constructivism, supporting participation, sharing uncertainties, and encouraging discussion. The first run of the course included over 200,000 participants from 184 countries, with over 88,000 comments at the end of the three-week run. Many participants supported each other’s learning in their responses and further questions. Our experience suggests that open education can complement traditional messaging, potentially providing a sustainable approach to countering the spread of misinformation in public health.</ns4:p

Vacuolating cytotoxin and variants in Atg16L1 that disrupt autophagy promote Helicobacter pylori infection in humans

Peer reviewedPreprin

First Human Isolate of Hantavirus (Andes virus) in the Americas

We isolated Andes virus (formal name: Andes virus [ANDV], a species in the genus Hantavirus), from serum of an asymptomatic 10-year-old Chilean boy who died 6 days later of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). The serum was obtained 12 days after his grandmother died from HPS and 2 days before he became febrile. No hantavirus immunoglobulin (Ig) G or IgM antibodies were detected in the serum sample. After three blind passages, ANDV antigens were detected in Vero E6 cells by immunofluorescence assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and ANDV RNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. A fragment of the virus genome showed 96.2% nucleotide identity with that of prototype ANDV. To our knowledge, this is the first isolation of any agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome from a human and the first such isolation of hantavirus before symptoms of that syndrome or HPS began

The impact of New Public Management on efficiency : an analysis of Madrid’s hospitals.

Madrid has recently become the site of one the most controversial cases of public healthcare reform in the European Union. Despite the fact that the introduction of New Public Management (NPM) into Madrid hospitals has been vigorous, little scholarship has been done to test whether NPM actually led to technical efficiency. This paper is one of the first attempts to do so. We deploy a bootstrapped Data Envelopment Analysis to compare efficiency scores in traditionally managed hospitals and those operating with new management formulas. We do not find evidence that NPM hospitals are more efficient than traditionally managed ones. Moreover, our results suggest that what actually matters may be the management itself, rather than the management model

Science and Technology Issues in the 115th Congress

Science and technology (S&T) have a pervasive influence over a wide range of issues confronting the nation. Public and private research and development spur scientific and technological advancement. Such advances can drive economic growth, help address national priorities, and improve health and quality of life. The constantly changing nature and ubiquity of science and technology frequently create public policy issues of congressional interest. The federal government supports scientific and technological advancement directly by funding and performing research and development and indirectly by creating and maintaining policies that encourage private sector efforts. Additionally, the federal government establishes and enforces regulatory frameworks governing many aspects of S&T activities. This report briefly outlines an array of science and technology policy issues that may come before the 115th Congress. Given the rapid pace of S&T advancement and its importance in many diverse public policy issues, S&T-related issues not discussed in this report may come before the 115th Congress. The selected issues are grouped into 9 categories: - Overarching S&T Policy Issues, - Agriculture, - Biomedical Research and Development, - Defense, - Energy, - Environment and Natural Resources, - Homeland Security, - Information Technology, - Physical and Material Sciences, and - Space. Each of these categories includes concise analysis of multiple policy issues. The material presented in this report should be viewed as illustrative rather than comprehensive. Each section identifies CRS reports, when available, and the appropriate CRS experts to contact for further information and analysis