30 research outputs found
Regulation of inflammation in Japanese encephalitis
Uncontrolled inflammatory response of the central nervous system is a hallmark of severe Japanese encephalitis (JE). Although inflammation is necessary to mount an efficient immune response against virus infections, exacerbated inflammatory response is often detrimental. In this context, cells of the monocytic lineage appear to be important forces driving JE pathogenesis
Ameliorative potential of Vernonia cinerea on chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve induced neuropathic pain in rats
Ameliorative potential of Butea monosperma on chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve induced neuropathic pain in rats
Effects of fluoxetine on functional outcomes after acute stroke (FOCUS): a pragmatic, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial
Background
Results of small trials indicate that fluoxetine might improve functional outcomes after stroke. The FOCUS trial aimed to provide a precise estimate of these effects.
Methods
FOCUS was a pragmatic, multicentre, parallel group, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial done at 103 hospitals in the UK. Patients were eligible if they were aged 18 years or older, had a clinical stroke diagnosis, were enrolled and randomly assigned between 2 days and 15 days after onset, and had focal neurological deficits. Patients were randomly allocated fluoxetine 20 mg or matching placebo orally once daily for 6 months via a web-based system by use of a minimisation algorithm. The primary outcome was functional status, measured with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), at 6 months. Patients, carers, health-care staff, and the trial team were masked to treatment allocation. Functional status was assessed at 6 months and 12 months after randomisation. Patients were analysed according to their treatment allocation. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN83290762.
Findings
Between Sept 10, 2012, and March 31, 2017, 3127 patients were recruited. 1564 patients were allocated fluoxetine and 1563 allocated placebo. mRS data at 6 months were available for 1553 (99·3%) patients in each treatment group. The distribution across mRS categories at 6 months was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (common odds ratio adjusted for minimisation variables 0·951 [95% CI 0·839–1·079]; p=0·439). Patients allocated fluoxetine were less likely than those allocated placebo to develop new depression by 6 months (210 [13·43%] patients vs 269 [17·21%]; difference 3·78% [95% CI 1·26–6·30]; p=0·0033), but they had more bone fractures (45 [2·88%] vs 23 [1·47%]; difference 1·41% [95% CI 0·38–2·43]; p=0·0070). There were no significant differences in any other event at 6 or 12 months.
Interpretation
Fluoxetine 20 mg given daily for 6 months after acute stroke does not seem to improve functional outcomes. Although the treatment reduced the occurrence of depression, it increased the frequency of bone fractures. These results do not support the routine use of fluoxetine either for the prevention of post-stroke depression or to promote recovery of function.
Funding
UK Stroke Association and NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme
Investigation on Axial Displacement Fault Mechanism Based on Dynamic Characteristic Coefficients Identification of Tilting-Pad Thrust Bearing
High-work-function metal/carbon nanotube/low-work-function metal hybrid junction photovoltaic device
Mononuclear and dinuclear peroxotungsten complexes with co-ordinated dipeptides as potent inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase activity
Synthesis, regioselectivity, and DFT analysis of new antioxidant pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinoline-3,4-diones
The condensation of hydrazine, N-methylhydrazine, and N-phenylhydrazine with ethyl 4-chloro-2-oxo- 1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylate derivatives has been investigated. As a result, 12 new antioxidant pyrazolo[4,3- c]quinolin-3,4-diones were obtained with good to high yields. When two cross-products could be possible, only one isomer bearing the methyl or the phenyl group at the N1 position is isolated and unequivocally characterized using 1D and 2D NMR techniques, FT-IR, and combustion analyses. DFT analysis of the reaction mechanism was carried out in the Pearson’s hard soft acid base framework, confirming the assigned structure to the observed pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-3,4-diones. These calculations indicate a favored kinetic control for the synthesized pyrazolo[4,3- c]quinolin-3,4-diones compared to its possible regioisomer.The authors thank the Regional University
Hospital of Besanc¸on for support (France). Financial support from
Regional Council of Franche-Comté (Besanc¸on, France) is also
acknowledged. Computations have been performed on the supercomputer
facilities of the Me´socentre de calcul de Franche-Comté
(Besanc¸on, France)Peer Reviewe