Protection personnelle antivectorielle

Les vecteurs des agents du paludisme ou de la leishmaniose, rencontrés lors de voyages dans les régions à climat chaud, s'ajoutant à la transmission par le moustique tigre (Aedes albopictus) des virus chikungunya et de la dengue dans le sud de la France, ont montré l'intérêt d'une réflexion approfondie sur la protection personnelle antivectorielle. En cas d'épidémie, nos concitoyens se protègent individuellement en se procurant sur le marché tout un arsenal de moyens où le meilleur côtoie le pire. Pour donner à chacun des informations sur l'efficacité et l'innocuité de ces moyens de protection, la Société de médecine des voyages et la Société française de parasitologie ont initié cette étude qui a pris la forme de « Recommandations de bonne pratique », en suivant le schéma élaboré par la Haute Autorité de santé. Cet ouvrage rassemble ainsi toutes les données pertinentes, validées et mises en forme pour être utilisées non seulement par les personnels de santé (médecins, pharmaciens, infirmiers), mais aussi par les agents touristiques ainsi que par les particuliers pour se protéger des nuisances et des maladies à vecteurs qui constituent de préoccupants problèmes de santé publique

Identification and characterization of two repetitive non-variable antigens from African trypanosomes which are recognized early during infection

The present paper describes two repetitive proteins representing common antigens of African trypanosomes which are non-variant and which are recognized early in infection by the host immune system. These antigens were identified by their ability to immunoreact with bovine serum taken during the early phase of a cyclic trypanosomal infection. Screening of a cDNA library from T. b. gambiense with such early infection serum identified a protein which contains a repetitive motif consisting of 68 amino acid repeat units (GM6). Immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy revealed that GM6 is located on fibres which connect the microtubules of the membrane skeleton with the flagellum. A second repetitive antigen detected by this serum is MARP1 (microtubule-associated repetitive protein 1), a protein previously characterized in this laboratory as a high-molecular weight component of the membrane skeleton, which consists of more than 50 tandemly repeated, near-identical 38 amino acid repeat units. Beta-galactosidase fusion products of both proteins demonstrated a strong immunoreactivity with sera from T. b. brucei and T. congolense-infected cattle. The result from this preliminary immunological evaluation indicates a high immunodiagnostic sensititivy (90%) of the two recombinant antigens which make them interesting candidates for immunodiagnosis of trypanosomiasis in cattl

Identification and characterization of two repetitive non-variable antigens from African trypanosomes which are recognized early during infection

The present paper describes two repetitive proteins representing common antigens of African trypanosomes which are non-variant and which are recognized early in infection by the host immune system. These antigens were identified by their ability to immunoreact with bovine serum taken during the early phase of a cyclic trypanosomal infection. Screening of a cDNA library from T. b. gambiense with such early infection serum identified a protein which contains a repetitive motif consisting of 68 amino acid repeat units (GM6). Immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy revealed that GM6 is located on fibres which connect the microtubules of the membrane skeleton with the flagellum. A second repetitive antigen detected by this serum is MARP1 (microtubule-associated repetitive protein 1), a protein previously characterized in this laboratory as a high-molecular weight component of the membrane skeleton, which consists of more than 50 tandemly repeated, near-identical 38 amino acid repeat units. Beta-galactosidase fusion products of both proteins demonstrated a strong immunoreactivity with sera from T. b. brucei and T. congolense-infected cattle. The result from this preliminary immunological evaluation indicates a high immunodiagnostic sensititivy (90%) of the two recombinant antigens which make them interesting candidates for immunodiagnosis of trypanosomiasis in cattle

Міхал Бобжинський: суспільно-політична діяльність

Розглянута суспільно-політична діяльність визначного представника краківської історичної школи М. Бобжинського. Акцентовано увагу на зв’язку наукових поглядів історика з його політичною практикою. Охарактеризовано дискусії, які досьогодні точаться серед науковців щодо оцінки результатів його діяльності.Рассмотрена общественно-политическая деятельность выдающегося представителя краковской исторической школы М. Бобжинского. Акцентировано внимание на связи научных взглядов историка с его политической практикой. Охарактеризованы дискуссии, которые досегодня ведутся среди ученых относительно оценки результатов его деятельности.The socio-political activities of M. Bobzhynski – a prominent representative of the Krakow historical school – are reviewed. Attention is given to the connection of the historian scholarly views with his political practice. The discussions that until now are going on among scholars in evaluating the results of his work are characterised

Accuracy of five algorithms to diagnose gambiense human African trypanosomiasis.

Algorithms to diagnose gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT, sleeping sickness) are often complex due to the unsatisfactory sensitivity and/or specificity of available tests, and typically include a screening (serological), confirmation (parasitological) and staging component. There is insufficient evidence on the relative accuracy of these algorithms. This paper presents estimates of the accuracy of five algorithms used by past Médecins Sans Frontières programmes in the Republic of Congo, Southern Sudan and Uganda

Behavior and Impact of Zirconium in the Soil–Plant System: Plant Uptake and Phytotoxicity

Because of the large number of sites they pollute, toxic metals that contaminate terrestrial ecosystems are increasingly of environmental and sanitary concern (Uzu et al. 2010, 2011; Shahid et al. 2011a, b, 2012a). Among such metals is zirconium (Zr), which has the atomic number 40 and is a transition metal that resembles titanium in physical and chemical properties (Zaccone et al. 2008). Zr is widely used in many chemical industry processes and in nuclear reactors (Sandoval et al. 2011; Kamal et al. 2011), owing to its useful properties like hardness, corrosion-resistance and permeable to neutrons (Mushtaq 2012). Hence, the recent increased use of Zr by industry, and the occurrence of the Chernobyl and Fukashima catastrophe have enhanced environmental levels in soil and waters (Yirchenko and Agapkina 1993; Mosulishvili et al. 1994 ; Kruglov et al. 1996)

Influence of fly ash blending on hydration and physical behavior of Belite-Alite-Ye'elimite cements

A cement powder, composed of belite, alite and ye’elimite, was blended with 0, 15 and 30 wt% of fly ash and the resulting lended cements were further characterized. During hydration, the presence of fly ash caused the partial inhibition of both AFt degradation and belite reactivity, even after 180 days. The compressive strength of the corresponding mortars increased by increasing the fly ash content (68, 73 and 82 MPa for mortars with 0, 15 and 30 wt% of fly ash, respectively, at 180 curing days), mainly due to the diminishing porosity and pore size values. Although pozzolanic reaction has not been directly proved there are indirect evidences.This work is part of the Ph.D. of D. Londono-Zuluaga funded by Beca Colciencias 646—Doctorado en el exterior and Enlaza Mundos 2013 program grant. Cement and Building materials group (CEMATCO) from National University of Colombia is acknowledged for providing the calorimetric measurements. Funding from Spanish MINECO BIA2017-82391-R and I3 (IEDI-2016-0079) grants, co-funded by FEDER, are acknowledged