177 research outputs found
Tentative de description du noyau La par la methode de couplage quasiparticule-phonon plus rotor
Pas de résum
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Sex Differences in Social Contact Patterns and Implications for Tuberculosis Transmission and Control.
Social contact patterns might contribute to excess burden of tuberculosis in men. We conducted a study of social contact surveys to evaluate contact patterns relevant to tuberculosis transmission. Available data describe 21 surveys in 17 countries and show profound differences in sex-based and age-based patterns of contact. Adults reported more adult contacts than children. Children preferentially mixed with women in all surveys (median sex assortativity 58%, interquartile range [IQR] 57%-59% for boys, 61% [IQR 60%-63%] for girls). Men and women reported sex-assortative mixing in 80% and 95% of surveys (median sex assortativity 56% [IQR 54%-58%] for men, 59% [IQR 57%-63%] for women). Sex-specific patterns of contact with adults were similar at home and outside the home for children; adults reported greater sex assortativity outside the home in most surveys. Sex assortativity in adult contacts likely contributes to sex disparities in adult tuberculosis burden by amplifying incidence among men
Recurrent Bacteremia, a Complication of Cyanoacrylate Injection for Variceal Bleeding: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature
We report the first description of recurrent bacteremia in two patients after cyanoacrylate injection for gastric varices bleeding treated with antibiotics alone. Adapted and prolonged antibiotic treatment allowed a complete resolution of the infection with no relapse after more than 6 months. According to recent data, prophylactic antibiotics should be further investigated for patients with bleeding varices undergoing cyanoacrylate injection
A new isomer in La
Levels in La have been studied via /EC decay of on-line
mass-separated Ce using the HIGISOL technique. A new (390 40) ms isomer
is definitely attributed to La by conversion electron measurements of the 107 keV E3
isomeric transition
Beta-decay properties of Si and P
The -decay properties of the neutron-deficient nuclei Si and
P have been investigated at the GANIL/LISE3 facility by means of
charged-particle and -ray spectroscopy. The decay schemes obtained and
the Gamow-Teller strength distributions are compared to shell-model
calculations based on the USD interaction. B(GT) values derived from the
absolute measurement of the -decay branching ratios give rise to a
quenching factor of the Gamow-Teller strength of 0.6. A precise half-life of
43.7 (6) ms was determined for P, the - (2)p decay mode of which
is described
Recurrent Scedosporium apiospermum mycetoma successfully treated by surgical excision and terbinafine treatment: a case report and review of the literature
Background:
Scedosporium apiospermum
is an emerging opportunistic filamentous fungus, which is notorious for its
high levels of antifungal
âresistance. It is able to cause localized cutaneous or subcutaneous infections in both immuâ
nocompromised and immunocompetent persons, pulmonary infections in patients with predisposing pulmonary
diseases and invasive mycoses in immunocompromised patients. Subcutaneous infections caused by this fungus
frequently show chronic mycetomatous manifestation.
Case report:
We report the case of a 70
âyear
âold immunocompromised man, who developed a fungal mycetomaâ
tous infection on his right leg. There was no history of trauma; the aetiological agent was identified by microscopic
examination and ITS sequencing. This is the second reported case of
S. apiospermum
subcutaneous infections in
Hungary, which was successfully treated by surgical excision and terbinafine treatment. After 7
months, the patient
remained asymptomatic. Considering the antifungal susceptibility and increasing incidence of the fungus,
Sce
-
dosporium
related subcutaneous infections reported in the past quarter of century in European countries were also
reviewed.
Conclusions:
Corticosteroid treatment represents a serious risk factor of
S. apiospermum
infections, especially if the
patient get in touch with manure
âenriched or polluted soil or water. Such infections have emerged several times in
European countries in the past decades. The presented data suggest that besides the commonly applied voriconaâ
zole, terbinafine may be an alternative for the therapy of mycetomatous
Scedosporium
infections
Restauration morpho-dynamique et redynamisation de la section court-circuitée du Rhin en aval du barrage de Kembs (projet INTERREG / EDF)
National audienceThe Upper Rhine River has been heavily impacted by channelization for flood protection and navigation, and then by damming for hydropower generation. In normal non flooding conditions, most of the flows are diverted in a canalized section whereas the regulated âold Rhineâ bypassed reach runs a minimum flow. Between Huningue and Neuf-Brisach, engineering works induced simplification and stabilization of the channel pattern from a formerly braiding sector to a single incised channel, hydrological modifications, bottom armouring due to bedload decrease, and thus ecological alterations. Two complementary and interdisciplinary projects have been initiated to restore alluvial morphodynamics: i) the international âINTERREG IV - Redynamisation of the old Rhineâ project (2009-2012) coordinated by the Alsace region, France; ii) the left bank âcontrolled erosionâ project launched by ElectricitĂ© de France (EDF) within Kembs hydroelectric station relicensing process since 2003-2004. The purpose of these projects is to evaluate the feasibility of an important hydro-morphological and ecological restoration plan on a 45 km long reach, through both field testing of bank erosion techniques at favourable locations, and artificial sediments input from right bank excavations. This will help define possible long term prospective scenarios, in order to restore sustainable sediment transport, morphodynamics variability and associated ecological functions. The study will involve historical analysis, hydro-morphological / hydraulic physical and numerical modelling, physical and ecological monitoring, and sociological aspectsLe Rhin alsacien-allemand a enregistrĂ© de profondes modifications morphologiques et hydrologiques Ă la suite de sa correction et de sa rĂ©gularisation pour la protection contre les crues et la navigation, puis aprĂšs la construction de barrages hydro-Ă©lectriques. Les amĂ©nagements rĂ©alisĂ©s entre Huningue et Neuf-Brisach ont engendrĂ© une simplification et une stabilisation du style fluvial. Un fleuve en tresses a cĂ©dĂ© la place Ă un chenal unique incisĂ©. Le fond de chenal est devenu pavĂ© Ă cause dâune diminution des apports de charge de fond et des altĂ©rations Ă©cologiques ont Ă©tĂ© observĂ©es (simplification des habitats aquatiques et riverains). Deux projets complĂ©mentaires et interdisciplinaires ont Ă©tĂ© engagĂ©s afin de restaurer une dynamique des formes alluviales : i) le projet international INTERREG IV â Redynamisation du Vieux Rhin (2009-2012) sous lâimpulsion de la rĂ©gion Alsace ; ii) le projet dâĂ©rosion maitrisĂ©e des berges de la rive gauche conduit par ElectricitĂ© de France (EDF) dans le cadre du renouvellement de la concession de lâamĂ©nagement de Kembs. Lâobjectif des deux projets est de dĂ©finir un plan de restauration hydro-morphologique et Ă©cologique conduisant Ă la redynamisation dâun tronçon de 45 km. LâĂ©tude repose sur une analyse historique, lâexploitation de modĂšles Ă la fois physiques et numĂ©riques, et les suivis morphologiques in situ dâune recharge artificielle en sĂ©diments et dâĂ©rosions de berge contrĂŽlĂ©es. Ces Ă©tudes de faisabilitĂ© sont complĂ©tĂ©es par des analyses Ă©cologique et sociologique pour apprĂ©cier lâimpact socio-environnemental de ces projets
Spadin, a Sortilin-Derived Peptide, Targeting Rodent TREK-1 Channels: A New Concept in the Antidepressant Drug Design
We found that spadin, a natural peptide derived from sortilin, blocks the mouse TREK-1 channel and might be an efficient and fast-acting antidepressant
PPARÎł Controls Dectin-1 Expression Required for Host Antifungal Defense against Candida albicans
We recently showed that IL-13 or peroxisome proliferator activated receptor Îł (PPARÎł) ligands attenuate Candida albicans colonization of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, using a macrophage-specific Dectin-1 deficient mice model, we demonstrate that Dectin-1 is essential to control fungal gastrointestinal infection by PPARÎł ligands. We also show that the phagocytosis of yeast and the release of reactive oxygen intermediates in response to Candida albicans challenge are impaired in macrophages from Dectin-1 deficient mice treated with PPARÎł ligands or IL-13. Although the Mannose Receptor is not sufficient to trigger antifungal functions during the alternative activation of macrophages, our data establish the involvement of the Mannose Receptor in the initial recognition of non-opsonized Candida albicans by macrophages. We also demonstrate for the first time that the modulation of Dectin-1 expression by IL-13 involves the PPARÎł signaling pathway. These findings are consistent with a crucial role for PPARÎł in the alternative activation of macrophages by Th2 cytokines. Altogether these data suggest that PPARÎł ligands may be of therapeutic value in esophageal and gastrointestinal candidiasis in patients severely immunocompromised or with metabolic diseases in whom the prevalence of candidiasis is considerable
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