11 research outputs found
Cellular expression of growth hormone and prolactin receptors in human breast disorders
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19980417)79:23.0.CO;2-BInternational Journal of Cancer792202-211IJCN
Use of wild fish and other aquatic organisms as feed in aquaculture: a review of practices and implications in the Asia-Pacific
The solar-wind magnetosphere interaction primarily occurs at altitudes where the dipole component of Earthâs magnetic field is dominating. The disturbances that are created in this interaction propagate along magnetic field lines and interact with the ionosphereâthermosphere system. At ionospheric altitudes, the Earthâs field deviates significantly from a dipole. NorthâSouth asymmetries in the magnetic field imply that the magnetosphereâionosphereâthermosphere (MâIâT) coupling is different in the two hemispheres. In this paper we review the primary differences in the magnetic field at polar latitudes, and the consequences that these have for the MâIâT coupling. We focus on two interhemispheric differences which are thought to have the strongest effects: 1) A difference in the offset between magnetic and geographic poles in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, and 2) differences in the magnetic field strength at magnetically conjugate regions. These asymmetries lead to differences in plasma convection, neutral winds, total electron content, ion outflow, ionospheric currents and auroral precipitation
Alzheimer's disease and symbiotic microbiota: an evolutionary medicine perspective
Microorganisms resident in our bodies participate in a variety of regulatory and pathogenic processes. Here, we describe how etiological pathways implicated in Alzheimerâs disease (AD) may be regulated or disturbed by symbiotic microbial activity. Furthermore, the composition of symbiotic microbes has changed dramatically across human history alongside the rise of agriculturalism, industrialization, and globalization. We postulate that each of these lifestyle transitions engendered progressive depletion of microbial diversity and enhancement of virulence, thereby enhancing AD risk pathways. It is likely that the human life span extended into the eighth decade tens of thousands of years ago, yet little is known about premodern geriatric epidemiology. We propose that microbiota of the gut, oral cavity, nasal cavity, and brain may modulate AD pathogenesis, and that changes in the microbial composition of these body regions across history suggest escalation of AD risk. Dysbiosis may promote immunoregulatory dysfunction due to inadequate education of the immune system, chronic inflammation, and epithelial barrier permeability. Subsequently, proinflammatory agentsâand occasionally microbesâmay infiltrate the brain and promote AD pathogenic processes. APOE genotypes appear to moderate the effect of dysbiosis on AD risk. Elucidating the effect of symbiotic microbiota on AD pathogenesis could contribute to basic and translational research