Configuración de sistema de monitoreo continuo @ptitud SKF para 5 equipos rotatorios críticos de planta de celulosa Arauco, Constitución

98 p.La planta celulosa Arauco, constitución está pasando por un proceso de migración de sistema de monitoreo por condición, es por esto, que se llevará a cabo una recopilación de datos, parámetros y condiciones de trabajo de los equipos rotativos sobre el correcto funcionamiento de estos, para así, realizar una programación en el nuevo software de la empresa SKF. De esta forma se contará con un sistema unificado de monitoreo que servirá para analizar y detectar de forma temprana y oportuna los altos niveles de vibración, con lo que permitirá programar y establecer parámetros de operación, de tal forma que se pueda diagnosticar el origen de las vibraciones y problemas que se asocian para esta, visualizando el estado real de los equipos críticos mediante el software @ptitud de SKF

Análisis de los mercados comunitarios y su proyección en la ciudad de Santa Marta

Este estudio consistió en hacer un análisis de los mercados, en su organización, construcción física, comercialización, zonas productoras y abastecedoras, y los factores determinantes al atraso de los pequeños productores. Se determinó la importancia de los productos más comercializable, características de éstos y los de mayor demanda. Se analizaron cada uno de los mercados en su aspecto organizativo y las entidades que colaboran en que los mercados se desarrollen según los objetivos planteados. El análisis de los mercados comunitarios se llevó a cabo en tres barrios donde están ubicados éstos; en la ciudad de Santa Marta, y en las zonas productoras-abastecedoras. Los mercados comunitarios están situados en el barrio las Américas los Almendros y el barrio Rodrigo de Bastidas. El primer mercado fue inagurado el 4 de diciembre de 1983 en el barrio las Américas. Se escogió este sitio por ser un punto céntrico para que los barrios adyacentes pudieran llegar a él; el mercado de los almendros fue inagurado el 16 de junio de 1984, fue escogido este barrio por ser un sitio más céntrico a esta zona; y el mercado del barrio Rodrigo de Bastidas fue inagurado el 16 de septiembre de 1984, siendo éste el sitio más estratégico para su ubicadión, ya que los barrios a su alrededor tienen más acceso a él

Study of the free fall motion using experiments in video

Los trabajos pioneros de Eadweard Muybridge en fotografía e imágenes en movimiento en el año 1878 que dieron origen al vídeo, así como los de Harold Edgerton en vídeos de alta velocidad realizado a mediados del siglo XX, buscaban entender el comportamiento de la naturaleza. Hoy en día el uso de vídeo continúa siendo una herramienta muy valiosa en todas las disciplinas científicas. En la actualidad, el uso de vídeo está siendo incorporado en innovadoras formas de enseñar física que están tomando fuerza a nivel mundial. En concordancia con esta tendencia, y motivados por potenciar dos elementos fundamentales dentro del aprendizaje de las ciencias, como son su proceso de carácter reflexivo y su vínculo profundo con la experiencia práctica, hemos generado una galería de vídeos de experimentos para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en alumnos de enseñanza secundaria y universitaria en las materias de Mecánica Newtoniana. En este trabajo presentamos una secuencia de experimentos relacionados con el fenómeno de caída libre, a fin de mostrar el potencial que tiene el uso de experimentos en vídeo para mejorar la comprensión conceptual en cursos de física básica.The pioneering work of Eadweard Muybridge in photography and motion pictures in 1878 that gave rise to video technology, as well as those of Harold Edgerton in high-speed videos made in the mid-twentieth century, sought to understand the behaviour of nature and nowadays remain as valuable tools in all scientific disciplines. At present, the use of video is being incorporated into innovative ways of teaching physics that are gaining a worldwide momentum. In line with this trend, and motivated to enhance two key elements in the learning of science, such as the reflexive nature of the learning process and its deep connection with practical experience, we have created a gallery of videos of experiments to improve the teaching and learning experience in high school and university education in the fields of Newtonian Mechanics. Here, we present a sequence of experiments related to the phenomenon of free fall, in order to demonstrate the potential of using experiments in video to improve the conceptual understanding in elementary physics courses

Effect of Terminal Groups of Dendrimers in the Complexation with Antisense Oligonucleotides and Cell Uptake

Indexación: Web of Science.Poly(amidoamine) dendrimers are the most recognized class of dendrimer. Amino-terminated (PAMAM-NH2) and hydroxyl-terminated (PAMAM-OH) dendrimers of generation 4 are widely used, since they are commercially available. Both have different properties, mainly based on their different overall charges at physiological pH. Currently, an important function of dendrimers as carriers of short single-stranded DNA has been applied. These molecules, known as antisense oligonucleotides (asODNs), are able to inhibit the expression of a target mRNA. Whereas PAMAM-NH2 dendrimers have shown to be able to transfect plasmid DNA, PAMAM-OH dendrimers have not shown the same successful results. However, little is known about their interaction with shorter and more flexible molecules such as asODNs. Due to several initiatives, the use of these neutral dendrimers as a scaffold to introduce other functional groups has been proposed. Because of its low cytotoxicity, it is relevant to understand the molecular phenomena involving these types of dendrimers. In this work, we studied the behavior of an antisense oligonucleotide in presence of both types of dendrimers using molecular dynamics simulations, in order to elucidate if they are able to form stable complexes. In this manner, we demonstrated at atomic level that PAMAM-NH2, unlike PAMAM-OH, could form a well-compacted complex with asODN, albeit PAMAM-OH can also establish stable interactions with the oligonucleotide. The biological activity of asODN in complex with PAMAM-NH2 dendrimer was also shown. Finally, we revealed that in contact with PAMAM-OH, asODN remains outside the cells as TIRF microscopy results showed, due to its poor interaction with this dendrimer and cell membranes.http://nanoscalereslett.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s11671-016-1260-

n-Tuples on Scaffold Diversity Inspired by Drug Hybridisation to Enhance Drugability: Application to Cytarabine

A mathematical concept, n-tuples are originally applied to medicinal chemistry, especially with the creation of scaffold diversity inspired by the hybridisation of different commercial drugs with cytarabine, a synthetic arabinonucleoside derived from two marine natural products, spongouridine and spongothymidine. The new methodology explores the virtual chemical-factorial combination of different commercial drugs (immunosuppressant, antibiotic, antiemetic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer) with the anticancer drug cytarabine. Real chemical combinations were designed and synthesised for 8-duples, obtaining a small representative library of interesting organic molecules to be biologically tested as proof of concept. The synthesised library contains classical molecular properties regarding the Lipinski rules and/or beyond rules of five (bRo5) and is represented by the covalent combination of the anticancer drug cytarabine with ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, folic acid, sulfasalazine, ciprofloxacin, bortezomib, and methotrexate. The insertion of specific nomenclature could be implemented into artificial intelligence algorithms in order to enhance the efficiency of drug-hunting programs. The novel methodology has proven useful for the straightforward synthesis of most of the theoretically proposed duples and, in principle, could be extended to any other central drug

Synthesis of Diarylamines and Methylcarbazoles and Formal Total Synthesis of Alkaloids Ellipticine and Olivacine

En este documento se describe la síntesis química, vía microondas, de derivados de alcaloides elipticina y olivacina, así como su identificación espectroscópica inequívocas.New and efficient strategies for the conversion of 4-oxazolin-2-ones into 1-methyl and 1,4-dimethyl 3-formylcarbazoles are herein described. Highly convergent cascade and one-pot processes afforded the corresponding diarylamines, as in situ formed synthetic intermediates or final products in high overall yields. Special attention was given to the synthesis of methylated carbazoles by reacting 4,5-dimethyl-4-oxazolin-2-ones with enones under microwave irradiation. The carbazole scaffold was provided by the palladium(II)-catalyzed double C−H activation to generate oxidative cyclization of diarylamines. This methodology allowed for formal total syntheses of four naturally occurring pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole alkaloids ellipticine, 9-methoxyellipticine, olivacine, and 9-methoxyolivacine.Secretaría de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados de la UAEMex. CONACYT Ludwig K. Hellweg Foundation Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, del IP

Low-Cost EEG Multi-Subject Recording Platform for the Assessment of Students’ Attention and the Estimation of Academic Performance in Secondary School

The level of student attention in class greatly affects their academic performance. Teachers typically rely on visual inspection to react to students’ attention in time, but this subjective method leads to inconsistencies across classes. Online education exacerbates the issue as students can turn off cameras and microphones to keep their own privacy. To address this, we present a novel, low-cost EEG-based platform for assessing students’ attention and estimating their academic performance. In a study involving 34 secondary school students (aged 14 to 16), participants watched an academic video and answered evaluation questions while their EEG activity was recorded using a commercial headset. The results demonstrate a significant correlation (0.53, p-value = 0.003) between the power spectral density (PSD) of the EEG beta band (12–30 Hz) and students’ academic performance. Additionally, there was a notable difference in PSD-beta between high and low academic performers. These findings encourage the use of PSD-beta for the immediate and objective assessment of both the student attention and the subsequent academic performance. The platform offers valuable and objective feedback to teachers, enhancing the effectiveness of both face-to-face and online teaching and learning environments.This work was supported by grant B-TIC-352-UGR20, Junta de Andalucía; grant PID2021-128529OA-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and by ERDF A way of making Europe; grant PP2021.PP-28, University of Granada; grant PROYEXCEL_00084, P21_00084P21_00084, Projects for Excellence Research, funded by the Council for Economic Transformation, Industry, Knowledge and Universities, Junta de Andalucía 2021.The study was approved by The Research Ethics Committee of the University of Granada (3582/CEIH/2023

Estudio del movimiento de caída libre usando vídeos de experimentos

The pioneering work of Eadweard Muybridge in photography and motion pictures in 1878 that gave rise to video technology, as well as those of Harold Edgerton in high-speed videos made in the mid-twentieth century, sought to understand the behaviour of nature and nowadays remain as valuable tools in all scientific disciplines. At present, the use of video is being incorporated into innovative ways of teaching physics that are gaining a worldwide momentum. In line with this trend, and motivated to enhance two key elements in the learning of science, such as the reflexive nature of the learning process and its deep connection with practical experience, we have created a gallery of videos of experiments to improve the teaching and learning experience in high school and university education in the fields of Newtonian Mechanics and Thermodynamics. Here, we present a sequence of experiments related to the phenomenon of free fall, in order to demonstrate the potential of using experiments in video to improve the conceptual understanding in elementary physics courses.Los trabajos pioneros de Eadweard Muybridge en fotografía e imágenes en movimiento en el año 1878 que dieron origen al vídeo, así como los de Harold Edgerton en vídeos de alta velocidad realizado a mediados del siglo xx, buscaban entender el comportamiento de la naturaleza. Hoy en día el uso de vídeo continúa siendo una herramienta muy valiosa en todas las disciplinas científicas. En la actualidad, el uso de vídeo está siendo incorporado en innovadoras formas de enseñar física que están tomando fuerza a nivel mundial. En concordancia con esta tendencia, y motivados por potenciar dos elementos fundamentales dentro del aprendizaje de las ciencias, como son su proceso de carácter reflexivo y su vínculo profundo con la experiencia práctica, hemos generado una galería de vídeos de experimentos para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en alumnos de enseñanza secundaria y universitaria en las materias de Mecánica Newtoniana. En este trabajo presentamos una secuencia de experimentos relacionados con el fenómeno de caída libre, a fin de mostrar el potencial que tiene el uso de experimentos en vídeo para mejorar la comprensión conceptual en cursos de física básica.Palabras clave: TIC. E-learning. Vídeo. Física. Experimentos. Movimiento. Caída libre.Study of the free fall motion using experiments in videoThe pioneering work of Eadweard Muybridge in photography and motion pictures in 1878 that gave rise to video technology, as well as those of Harold Edgerton in high-speed videos made in the mid-twentieth century, sought to understand the behaviour of nature and nowadays remain as valuable tools in all scientific disciplines. At present, the use of video is being incorporated into innovative ways of teaching physics that are gaining a worldwide momentum. In line with this trend, and motivated to enhance two key elements in the learning of science, such as the reflexive nature of the learning process and its deep connection with practical experience, we have created a gallery of videos of experiments to improve the teaching and learning experience in high school and university education in the fields of Newtonian Mechanics. Here, we present a sequence of experiments related to the phenomenon of free fall, in order to demonstrate the potential of using experiments in video to improve the conceptual understanding in elementary physics courses.Keywords: ICT. E-learning. Video. Physics. Experiments. Motion. Free fall

The nodD1 Gene of Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 Restores Nodulation Capacity on Bean in a Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 nodD1/nodD2 Mutant, but the Secondary Symbiotic Regulators nolR, nodD2 or syrM Prevent HH103 to Nodulate with This Legume

Rhizobial NodD proteins and appropriate flavonoids induce rhizobial nodulation gene expression. In this study, we show that the nodD1 gene of Sinorhizobium fredii HH103, but not the nodD2 gene, can restore the nodulation capacity of a double nodD1/nodD2 mutant of Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 in bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris). S. fredii HH103 only induces pseudonodules in beans. We have also studied whether the mutation of different symbiotic regulatory genes may affect the symbiotic interaction of HH103 with beans: ttsI (the positive regulator of the symbiotic type 3 protein secretion system), and nodD2, nolR and syrM (all of them controlling the level of Nod factor production). Inactivation of either nodD2, nolR or syrM, but not that of ttsI, affected positively the symbiotic behavior of HH103 with beans, leading to the formation of colonized nodules. Acetylene reduction assays showed certain levels of nitrogenase activity that were higher in the case of the nodD2 and nolR mutants. Similar results have been previously obtained by our group with the model legume Lotus japonicus. Hence, the results obtained in the present work confirm that repression of Nod factor production, provided by either NodD2, NolR or SyrM, prevents HH103 to effectively nodulate several putative host plants.España Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Universidades projects AGL2016-77163-R and PID2019-107634RB-I00España Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Universidades FPU18/06248

In-Field Estimation of Orange Number and Size by 3D Laser Scanning

The estimation of fruit load of an orchard prior to harvest is useful for planning harvest logistics and trading decisions. The manual fruit counting and the determination of the harvesting capacity of the field results are expensive and time-consuming. The automatic counting of fruits and their geometry characterization with 3D LiDAR models can be an interesting alternative. Field research has been conducted in the province of Cordoba (Southern Spain) on 24 ‘Salustiana’ variety orange trees—Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck—(12 were pruned and 12 unpruned). Harvest size and the number of each fruit were registered. Likewise, the unitary weight of the fruits and their diameter were determined (N = 160). The orange trees were also modelled with 3D LiDAR with colour capture for their subsequent segmentation and fruit detection by using a K-means algorithm. In the case of pruned trees, a significant regression was obtained between the real and modelled fruit number (R2 = 0.63, p = 0.01). The opposite case occurred in the unpruned ones (p = 0.18) due to a leaf occlusion problem. The mean diameters proportioned by the algorithm (72.15 ± 22.62 mm) did not present significant differences (p = 0.35) with the ones measured on fruits (72.68 ± 5.728 mm). Even though the use of 3D LiDAR scans is time-consuming, the harvest size estimation obtained in this research is very accurate