9 research outputs found

    Detailed characterization and identification of Eimeria species in Alpine marmots (Marmota marmota): a morphological and morphometric approach

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    International audienceBackground and aimsCoccidian parasites, including Eimeria, present a significant challenge to wildlife due to their detrimental impacts. However, their precise identification remains complex, often leading to ambiguous 'Eimeria sp.' observations particularly within the context of the Alpine Marmot (Marmota marmota). This study aimed to elucidate the specific Eimeria species inhabiting Marmota marmota, and compare them with the species previously described within the Marmotini tribe.MethodsWe conducted fecal sample collection from Alpine Marmots in La Grande SassiĂšre reserve, France, focusing specifically on samples containing Eimeria spp. oocysts. Using a sucrose flotation technique, these oocysts were isolated, allowed to sporulate, and then examined under a microscope. Guided by the principles set forth by Duszynski and Wilber, we undertook measurements and observations, supplementing these with morphometric studies for a thorough understanding of the coccidia. This approach facilitated the evaluation of polymorphism and the potential shape tendencies of the species.ResultsThrough detailed analysis of observed oocysts, we distinguished two unique groups of coccidia, differentiated notably by oocyst and sporocyst size, as well as wall texture and color. These groups were labeled 'Large Eimeria' and 'Small Eimeria', with all marmots harboring Large Eimeria also evidencing the presence of Small Eimeria. Until now, these two species, the 'Large Eimeria' and 'Small Eimeria', had not been clearly described and named. By comparing these descriptions and photomicrographs with previously described species within the Marmotini tribe, we identified Eimeria lateralis and Eimeria monacis.ConclusionsThis study thus enabled us to provide a comprehensive and detailed description of the oocysts of these two species, complete with detailed diagrams and microphotographs. Additionally, we highlighted certain inconsistencies and confusions present within the literature describing Eimeria within the Marmotini tribe

    Identification of petrogenic produced water components as acetylcholine esterase inhibitors

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    Effect-directed analysis (EDA) was applied to identify acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitors in produced water. Common produced water components from oil production activities, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylphenols, and naphthenic acids were tested for AChE inhibition using a simple mixture of PAHs and naphthenic acids. Produced water samples collected from two offshore platforms in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea were extracted by solid phase extraction and fractionated by open-column liquid solid chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) before being tested using a high-throughput and automated AChE assay. The HPLC fractions causing the strongest AChE inhibition were analysed by gas chromatography coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-HR-ToF-MS). Butylated hydroxytoluene and 4-phenyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene were identified as two produced water components capable of inhibiting AChE at low concentrations. In order to assess the potential presence of such compounds discharged into aquatic ecosystems, AChE activity in fish tissues was measured. Saithe (Pollachius virens) caught near two offshore platforms showed lower enzymatic activity than those collected from a reference location. Target analysis of saithe did not detected the presence of these two putative AChE inhibitors and suggest that additional compounds such as PAHs, naphthenic acids and yet un-identified compounds may also contribute to the purported AChE inhibition observed in saithe

    Cartographier les ressources pour gérer les priorités

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    International audienceComment, depuis plusieurs dĂ©cennies, la recherche scientifique contribue-t-elle au dĂ©veloppement des pays du Sud ? À travers plus de 100 succĂšs emblĂ©matiques de la recherche en partenariat, cet ouvrage nous plonge au coeur des grandes questions de dĂ©veloppement : oeuvrer pour des sociĂ©tĂ©s plus justes, lutter contre les maladies, faire face aux risques naturels, mettre en place une agriculture durable garantissant la sĂ©curitĂ© alimentaire, prĂ©server la biodiversitĂ©, partager les savoirs... Il montre ainsi comment la recherche contribue Ă  l'amĂ©lioration des conditions de vie et Ă  la prĂ©servation de l'environnement dans les pays en dĂ©veloppement, en soulignant le rĂŽle de la science pour rĂ©pondre aux dĂ©fis du monde actuel et Ă  venir. ComposĂ© de textes courts, didactiques et richement illustrĂ©s, il s'adresse Ă  tous les publics

    Cartographier les ressources pour gérer les priorités

    No full text
    International audienceComment, depuis plusieurs dĂ©cennies, la recherche scientifique contribue-t-elle au dĂ©veloppement des pays du Sud ? À travers plus de 100 succĂšs emblĂ©matiques de la recherche en partenariat, cet ouvrage nous plonge au coeur des grandes questions de dĂ©veloppement : oeuvrer pour des sociĂ©tĂ©s plus justes, lutter contre les maladies, faire face aux risques naturels, mettre en place une agriculture durable garantissant la sĂ©curitĂ© alimentaire, prĂ©server la biodiversitĂ©, partager les savoirs... Il montre ainsi comment la recherche contribue Ă  l'amĂ©lioration des conditions de vie et Ă  la prĂ©servation de l'environnement dans les pays en dĂ©veloppement, en soulignant le rĂŽle de la science pour rĂ©pondre aux dĂ©fis du monde actuel et Ă  venir. ComposĂ© de textes courts, didactiques et richement illustrĂ©s, il s'adresse Ă  tous les publics

    Science et développement durable : 75 ans de recherche au Sud

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    International audienceComment, depuis plusieurs dĂ©cennies, la recherche scientifique contribue-t-elle au dĂ©veloppement des pays du Sud ? À travers plus de 100 succĂšs emblĂ©matiques de la recherche en partenariat, cet ouvrage nous plonge au coeur des grandes questions de dĂ©veloppement : oeuvrer pour des sociĂ©tĂ©s plus justes, lutter contre les maladies, faire face aux risques naturels, mettre en place une agriculture durable garantissant la sĂ©curitĂ© alimentaire, prĂ©server la biodiversitĂ©, partager les savoirs... Il montre ainsi comment la recherche contribue Ă  l'amĂ©lioration des conditions de vie et Ă  la prĂ©servation de l'environnement dans les pays en dĂ©veloppement, en soulignant le rĂŽle de la science pour rĂ©pondre aux dĂ©fis du monde actuel et Ă  venir. ComposĂ© de textes courts, didactiques et richement illustrĂ©s, il s'adresse Ă  tous les publics

    Science et développement durable : 75 ans de recherche au Sud

    No full text
    Comment, depuis plusieurs dĂ©cennies, la recherche scientifique contribue-t-elle au dĂ©veloppement des pays du Sud ? À travers plus de 100 succĂšs emblĂ©matiques de la recherche en partenariat, cet ouvrage nous plonge au coeur des grandes questions de dĂ©veloppement : oeuvrer pour des sociĂ©tĂ©s plus justes, lutter contre les maladies, faire face aux risques naturels, mettre en place une agriculture durable garantissant la sĂ©curitĂ© alimentaire, prĂ©server la biodiversitĂ©, partager les savoirs... Il montre ainsi comment la recherche contribue Ă  l'amĂ©lioration des conditions de vie et Ă  la prĂ©servation de l'environnement dans les pays en dĂ©veloppement, en soulignant le rĂŽle de la science pour rĂ©pondre aux dĂ©fis du monde actuel et Ă  venir. ComposĂ© de textes courts, didactiques et richement illustrĂ©s, il s'adresse Ă  tous les publics
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