Cytochrome c 6-like protein as a putative donor of electrons to photosystem I in the cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. PCC 7119

Most organisms performing oxygenic photosynthesis contain either cytochrome c 6 or plastocyanin, or both, to transfer electrons from cytochrome b 6-f to photosystem I. Even though plastocyanin has superseded cytochrome c 6 along evolution, plants contain a modified cytochrome c 6, the so called cytochrome c 6A, whose function still remains unknown. In this article, we describe a second cytochrome c 6 (the so called cytochrome c 6-like protein), which is found in some cyanobacteria but is phylogenetically more related to plant cytochrome c 6A than to cyanobacterial cytochrome c 6. In this article, we conclude that the cytochrome c 6-like protein is a putative electron donor to photosystem I, but does play a role different to that of cytochrome c 6 and plastocyanin as it cannot accept electrons from cytochrome f. The existence of this third electron donor to PSI could explain why some cyanobacteria are able to grow photoautotrophically in the absence of both cytochrome c 6 and plastocyanin. In any way, the Cyt c 6-like protein from Nostoc sp. PCC 7119 would be potentially utilized for the biohydrogen production, using cell-free photosystem I catalytic nanoparticles.Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica BFU2006-01361/BMCJunta de Andalucía PAI BIO022 BIO19

Efecto de Trichoderma harzianum Rifai en el control de Ustilago maydis (DC.) Cda en maíz (Zea mays L.)

La investigación se realizó en áreas de la Unidad Básica de Producción Cooperativa “La Yaya”, perteneciente a la UEB Atención a Productores Cañeros de la Empresa Azucarera Camagüey, en la comunidad “Alfredo Álvarez Mola”, municipio Sibanicú, sobre un suelo Pardo sialítico en el que se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de la cepa A - 34 de T. harzianum en el control del U. maydis en el cultivo de maíz. Se utilizó un diseño de bloque al azar con cuatro réplicas divididas en nueve unidades experimentales de 30 m2. Se realizaron aspersiones del hongo antagonista a los 15, 30, 45 y 60 días de germinado el cultivo, con dosis de 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5; 4,0; 4,5; 5,0 y 5,5 kg.ha-1con un control relativo. Se evaluaron los indicadores incidencia de la enfermedad y eficacia de T. harzianum, los parámetros morfológicos altura de la planta, diámetro del tallo, longitud de la hoja y los indicadores productivos parámetros, masa de la mazorca, diámetro de la mazorca, longitud de la mazorca, número de hileras.mazorca-1 y número de granos.hilera-1. Se comprobó que el tratamiento de mejores resultados fue el 8, con dosis de 5,5 kg.ha-1 y diferencias significativas sobre las variantes estudiadas

Efecto de Trichoderma harzianum Rifai en el control de Ustilago maydis (DC.) Cda en maíz (Zea mays L.)

La investigación se realizó en áreas de la Unidad Básica de Producción Cooperativa “La Yaya”, perteneciente a la UEB Atención a Productores Cañeros de la Empresa Azucarera Camagüey, en la comunidad “Alfredo Álvarez Mola”, municipio Sibanicú, sobre un suelo Pardo sialítico en el que se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de la cepa A - 34 de T. harzianum en el control del U. maydis en el cultivo de maíz. Se utilizó un diseño de bloque al azar con cuatro réplicas divididas en nueve unidades experimentales de 30 m2. Se realizaron aspersiones del hongo antagonista a los 15, 30, 45 y 60 días de germinado el cultivo, con dosis de 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5; 4,0; 4,5; 5,0 y 5,5 kg.ha-1con un control relativo. Se evaluaron los indicadores incidencia de la enfermedad y eficacia de T. harzianum, los parámetros morfológicos altura de la planta, diámetro del tallo, longitud de la hoja y los indicadores productivos parámetros, masa de la mazorca, diámetro de la mazorca, longitud de la mazorca, número de hileras.mazorca-1 y número de granos.hilera-1. Se comprobó que el tratamiento de mejores resultados fue el 8, con dosis de 5,5 kg.ha-1 y diferencias significativas sobre las variantes estudiadas.Effect of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai in the control of Ustilago maydis (DC.) Cda in corn (Zea mays L.)   ABSTRACTThe research was conducted in areas of Basic Unit of Cooperative Production "La Yaya", belonging to the UEB Care Cañeros Producers Camaguey Sugar Company in the "Alfredo Alvarez Mola" community, municipality Sibanicú on a Brown Sialityc  soil in of the application of strain A-34 of T. harzianum was evaluated. Block design with four replications randomly divided into nine experimental units of 30 m2 was used. Spraying antagonist fungus at 15, 30, 45 and 60 days after germination cultivation at doses of 2.0 were performed; 2.5; 3.0; 3.5; 4.0; 4. 5; 5.0 and 5.5 kg ha-1 with a relative control. Indicators disease incidence and efficiency of T. harzianum, morphological parameters plant height, stem diameter, leaf length and productive indicators parameters, ear mass,  ear diameter, ear length b, rows/ear;  grain/rows is assessed. It was found that the treatment was better 8, a dose of 5.5 kg ha-1 and significant differences about variants studied

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Measurement of b jet shapes in proton-proton collisions at root s=5.02 TeV

We present the first study of charged-hadron production associated with jets originating from b quarks in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The data sample used in this study was collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 27.4 pb(-1). To characterize the jet substructure, the differential jet shapes, defined as the normalized transverse momentum distribution of charged hadrons as a function of angular distance from the jet axis, are measured for b jets. In addition to the jet shapes, the per-jet yields of charged particles associated with b jets are also quantified, again as a function of the angular distance with respect to the jet axis. Extracted jet shape and particle yield distributions for b jets are compared with results for inclusive jets, as well as with the predictions from the pythia and herwig++ event generators.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of Y(1S) and Y(2S) mesons in PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The second-order Fourier coefficients (v(2)) characterizing the azimuthal distributions of Y(1S) and Y(2S) mesons produced in PbPb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV are studied. The Y mesons are reconstructed in their dimuon decay channel, as measured by the CMS detector. The collected data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.7 nb(-1). The scalar product method is used to extract the v2 coefficients of the azimuthal distributions. Results are reported for the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar < 2.4, in the transverse momentum interval 0 < pT < 50 GeV/c, and in three centrality ranges of 10-30%, 30-50% and 50-90%. In contrast to the J/psi mesons, the measured v(2) values for the Y mesons are found to be consistent with zero. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

MUSiC : a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at root s=13TeV

Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1), are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.Peer reviewe

Measurement of prompt open-charm production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The production cross sections for prompt open-charm mesons in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV are reported. The measurement is performed using a data sample collected by the CMS experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 29 nb(-1). The differential production cross sections of the D*(+/-), D-+/-, and D-0 ((D) over bar (0)) mesons are presented in ranges of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity 4 < p(T) < 100 GeV and vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1, respectively. The results are compared to several theoretical calculations and to previous measurements.Peer reviewe