1,044 research outputs found
No evidence of brown adipose tissue activation after 24 weeks of supervised exercise training in young sedentary adults in the ACTIBATE randomized controlled trial
Exercise modulates both brown adipose tissue (BAT)metabolismand white
adipose tissue (WAT) browning in murine models. Whether this is true in
humans, however, has remained unknown. An unblinded randomized controlled
trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02365129) was therefore conducted to
study the effects of a 24-week supervised exercise intervention, combining
endurance and resistance training, on BAT volume and activity (primary outcome).
The study was carried out in the Sport and Health University Research
Institute and the Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital of the University of
Granada (Spain). One hundred and forty-five young sedentary adults were
assigned to either (i) a control group (no exercise, n = 54), (ii) a moderate
intensity exercise group (MOD-EX, n = 48), or (iii) a vigorous intensity exercise
group (VIG-EX n = 43) by unrestricted randomization. No relevant adverse
events were recorded. 97 participants (34 men, 63 women) were included in
the final analysis (Control; n = 35, MOD-EX; n=31, and VIG-EX; n=31).We
observed no changes in BAT volume (Î Control: â22.2 ± 52.6ml; Î MOD-EX:
â15.5 ± 62.1ml, Î VIG-EX: â6.8 ± 66.4 ml; P = 0.771) or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose
uptake (SUVpeak Î Control: â2.6 ± 3.1ml; Î MOD-EX: â1.2 ± 4.8, Î VIG-EX:
â2.2 ± 5.1; p = 0.476) in either the control or the exercise groups. Thus, we did
not find any evidence of an exercise-induced change on BAT volume or activity
in young sedentary adults.Spanish Government PI13/01393Retos de la Sociedad DEP2016-79512-R
PTA-12264IEuropean CommissionSpanish Government FPU13/04365
FPU14/04172
FPU15/04059
FPU16/03653
FPU19/01609Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) 440575Fundacion Iberoamericana de Nutricion (FINUT)Redes Tematicas de Investigacion Cooperativa RETIC Red SAMID RD16/0022AstraZenecaUniversity of Granada Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016 -Excellence actions: Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Plan Propio de Investigacion 2018 -Programa Contratos-PuentePrograma Perfecionamiento de DoctoresJunta de Andalucia
Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidades (ERDF) SOMM17/6107/UGRJunta de Andalucia P18-RT-4455Fundacion Alfonso Martin EscuderoMaria Zambrano fellowship by the Ministerio de Universidades y la Union Europea-NextGenerationEU RR_C_2021_04Novo Nordisk FoundationNovocure Limited NNF18OC003239
Human Coronavirus Virulence Motifs and Virulence
Trabajo presentado en el XIV International Nidovirus Symposium (Nido2017), celebrado en Kansas City, Missouri (Estados Unidos), del 4 al 9 de junio de 2017We have shown that SARS-CoV E protein is a virulence factor that includes at least two virulence motifs: its
ion channel (IC) activity encoded within the transmembrane domain and a PDZ binding motif (PBM) located at
its carboxy-terminus. We showed that E protein pathogenicity was caused by the activation of different host
signaling pathways. One of them was the activation of inflammasome, a process mediated by the conductance
of Ca++ byEprotein IC activity, leading to an increased expression of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels.
Another signaling pathway implied the activation of a proinflammatory response mediated by NF-kB activation.
This activation was a consequence of E protein-syntenin binding mediated by PBM-PDZ interactions. This
binding caused an increase of p38MAPK phosphorylation promoting the induction of acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS), edema and death of mice infected with a mouse adapted SARS-CoV. The relevance of p38
MAPK activation after infection with the mouse adapted SARS-CoV was confirmed by the protection of mice
in the presence of an inhibitor of p38 MAPK, but not in its absence. These results illustrated the identification
of an efficient coronavirus (CoV) antiviral. The presence of a virulence factor such as the PBM motif in E
protein allows the virus to interact with more than 400 cell proteins containing PDZ motifs, conferring the virus
the potential to control a high number of cell-signaling pathways increasing its replication and virulence. In fact,
we are analyzing the proteome of the viral PBM-cellular PDZ interactions using system biology approaches.
Frequently, the ARDS caused by lung infection with mild respiratory viruses is resolved before it evolves to
serious edema. In contrast, after SARS-CoV infection frequently this resolution does not take place. We have
shown the binding of E protein to a main mediator of edema resolution, the Na+
/K+ ATPase, and proposed that
this may be one of the procedures by which edema recovery is prevented after SARS-CoV infection, either by
inhibition of Na+
/K+ ATPase activity or by relocating this enzyme to another subcellular compartment. Deadly
human CoVs as SARS- and MERS-CoVs have at least two viral proteins with IC activity and PBM motifs.
Studies on the relevance of E and 3a SARS-CoV proteins in replication and virulence, and the interdependence
among them have shown that the presence in the virus of at least E or 3a proteins was needed for virus viability.
In fact, we have shown that the complementation between E and 3a proteins is mediated by the PBM motifs
located at the carboxy-terminus of these proteins. Our studies on the interaction of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV
with the host, and the engineering of reverse genetics systems for each of these viruses, led us to the
development of genetically stable vaccine candidates that provided full-protection against the challenge with the
homologous virulent virus using mice models
Opposite-side flavour tagging of B mesons at the LHCb experiment
The calibration and performance of the oppositeside
flavour tagging algorithms used for the measurements
of time-dependent asymmetries at the LHCb experiment
are described. The algorithms have been developed using
simulated events and optimized and calibrated with
B
+ âJ/ÏK
+, B0 âJ/ÏK
â0 and B0 âD
ââ
Ό
+
ΜΌ decay
modes with 0.37 fbâ1 of data collected in pp collisions
at
â
s = 7 TeV during the 2011 physics run. The oppositeside
tagging power is determined in the B
+ â J/ÏK
+
channel to be (2.10 ± 0.08 ± 0.24) %, where the first uncertainty
is statistical and the second is systematic
Observation of excited Lambda_b0 baryons
Using pp collision data corresponding to 1.0 fb-1 integrated luminosity
collected by the LHCb detector, two narrow states are observed in the
Lambda_b0pi+pi- spectrum with masses 5911.97 +- 0.12(stat) +- 0.02(syst) +-
0.66(Lambda_b0 mass) MeV/c^2 and 5919.77 +- 0.08(stat) +- 0.02(syst) +-
0.66(Lambda_b0 mass) MeV/c^2. The significances of the observations are 5.2 and
10.2 standard deviations, respectively. These states are interpreted as the
orbitally-excited Lambda_b0 baryons, Lambda_b*0(5912) and Lambda_b*0(5920).Comment: Replaced by version published in Phys. Rev. Lett, modified fit with
better mass resolution treatmen
Strong constraints on the rare decays Bs -> mu+ mu- and B0 -> mu+ mu-
A search for Bs -> mu+ mu- and B0 -> mu+ mu- decays is performed using 1.0
fb^-1 of pp collision data collected at \sqrt{s}=7 TeV with the LHCb experiment
at the Large Hadron Collider. For both decays the number of observed events is
consistent with expectation from background and Standard Model signal
predictions. Upper limits on the branching fractions are determined to be BR(Bs
-> mu+ mu-) mu+ mu-) < 1.0 (0.81) x 10^-9 at
95% (90%) confidence level.Comment: 2+6 pages; 4 figures; Accepted for publication in Physical Review
Letter
Measurements of the branching fractions of the decays B°s â Dâs K± and B°s â DÂŻsÏ+
The decay mode B°s â Dâs K± allows for one of the theoretically cleanest measurements of the CKM angle Îł through the study of time-dependent CP violation. This paper reports a measurement of its branching fraction relative to the Cabibbo-favoured mode B°s â DÂŻsÏ+ based on a data sample corresponding to 0.37 fbÂŻÂč of proton-proton collisions at âs = 7TeV collected in 2011 with the LHCb detector. In addition, the ratio of B meson production fractions fs/fd, determined from semileptonic decays, together with the known branching fraction of the control channel B°s â DÂŻsÏ+ is used to perform an absolute measurement of the branching fractions: B(B°s â DÂŻsÏ+) = (2.95 ± 0.05 ± 0.17 -0.22 +0.18) Ă 10ÂŻÂł ; B(B°s â Dâs K±) = (1.90 ± 0.12 ± 0.13 -0.14 +0.12) Ă 10ÂŻ4 ; where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second the experimental systematic uncertainty, and the third the uncertainty due to f s/f
METODOLOGĂA DE SELECCIĂN DE POZOS CANDIDATOS PARA TRATAMIENTOS DE CONFORMANCE QUĂMICO
La canalizaciĂłn generalmente es consecuencia de la heterogeneidad del yacimiento, especialmente por grandes variaciones de permeabilidad, ocasionando reducciĂłn en la eficiencia volumĂ©trica como producto de la recirculaciĂłn del fluido inyectado en procesos de recobro secundario y/o mejorado (EOR). Con el objetivo de mejorar el perfil vertical de inyecciĂłn y reducir la recirculaciĂłn de agua inyectada, en Colombia se han implementado, desde el año 2008 a 2020, 33 tratamientos de control de canalizaciĂłn y conformance quĂmico profundo en nueve campos con el objetivo de aumentar la eficiencia de barrido volumĂ©trico para incrementar el factor de recuperaciĂłn de petrĂłleo. El resultado de los tratamientos reportados es de hasta 3 barriles de petrĂłleo incremental por cada barril de gel rĂgido inyectado. Sin embargo, la cantidad de tratamientos de conformance es baja en comparaciĂłn con el nĂșmero de pozos inyectores en el paĂs de aproximadamente 1400).
Por lo tanto, Ecopetrol adaptĂł una metodologĂa de selecciĂłn de pozos candidatos para tratamientos de conformance quĂmico que tiene en cuenta continuidad de los yacimientos, determinaciĂłn y caracterizaciĂłn de la heterogeneidad, estudio de movimiento de fluidos, determinaciĂłn de conectividad del patrĂłn de inyecciĂłn, distribuciĂłn vertical y areal de los fluidos inyectados y producidos, generaciĂłn de grĂĄficos diagnĂłsticos en software Sahara para finalmente identificar los pozos candidatos y realizar el diseño del tratamiento de conformance.
La generaciĂłn de los grĂĄficos diagnĂłstico base de la metodologĂa tiene como punto de partida la distribuciĂłn vertical de producciĂłn secundaria realizada por el mĂ©todo IWR de alocaciĂłn de producciones de malla ponderando caudales, en el cual la producciĂłn de un pozo es distribuida entre los inyectores que lo afectan, y esta producciĂłn es asociada a cada inyector.
Con respecto a la distribuciĂłn areal se toman elementos de flujo creando mallas dinĂĄmicas centradas en inyector y se pondera utilizando la distribuciĂłn angular. La distribuciĂłn de producciĂłn secundaria tiene en cuenta los ILT/PLT realizados histĂłricamente en los pozos inyectores/ productores, mallado y coeficientes de distribuciĂłn de los patrones de inyecciĂłn en el tiempo.
En el presente trabajo se hace una descripciĂłn y aplicaciĂłn de la metodologĂa integrada que permite identificar la producciĂłn de petrĂłleo y agua por yacimiento en cada patrĂłn de inyecciĂłn, asĂ como la eficiencia del agua inyectada para mapear acciones de mejoramiento de la producciĂłn de petrĂłleo y disminuciĂłn de la producciĂłn de agua, con el objetivo de identificar los sectores con menor desempeño y que requieren optimizaciĂłn del proceso secundario y/o mejorado. La metodologĂa se validĂł y complementĂł con informaciĂłn de trazadores interwell (IWTT) y simulaciĂłn numĂ©rica en lĂneas de flujo (streamline). En ese sentido, se vienen aplicando tratamientos de conformance desde el año 2021 en 23 nuevos pozos con resultados prometedores de producciĂłn incremental de petrĂłleo. La selecciĂłn de pozos candidatos para tratamientos de conformance quĂmico amplĂan las expectativas de masificaciĂłn de estas tecnologĂas en diferentes campos del paĂs y se convierten en pieza fundamental para apalancar la consecuciĂłn de reservas y una disminuciĂłn de la huella de carbono debido principalmente a que con el mismo caudal de fluido inyectado se incrementa la producciĂłn de petrĂłleo y en algunos tratamientos puede disminuir la producciĂłn de agua, asegurando menor consumo de energĂa (CO2) por cada barril de petrĂłleo extraĂdo
First evidence of direct CP violation in charmless two-body decays of Bs mesons
Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.35
collected by LHCb in 2011, we report the first evidence of
CP violation in the decays of mesons to pairs,
, with a significance of 3.3. Furthermore, we
report the first observation of CP violation in decays at a hadron
collider, , with a significance exceeding 6.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; v2 with minor changes after journal
revie
Differential branching fraction and angular analysis of the decay B0âKâ0ÎŒ+ÎŒâ
The angular distribution and differential branching fraction of the decay B 0â K â0 ÎŒ + ÎŒ â are studied using a data sample, collected by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at sâ=7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fbâ1. Several angular observables are measured in bins of the dimuon invariant mass squared, q 2. A first measurement of the zero-crossing point of the forward-backward asymmetry of the dimuon system is also presented. The zero-crossing point is measured to be q20=4.9±0.9GeV2/c4 , where the uncertainty is the sum of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The results are consistent with the Standard Model predictions
Inclusive W and Z production in the forward region at âs=7TeV
Measurements of inclusive W and Z boson production cross-sections in p p collisions at root s = 7TeV using final states containing muons are presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 37 pb(-1) collected with the LHCb detector. The W and Z bosons are reconstructed from muons with a transverse momentum above 20 GeV/c and pseudorapidity between 2.0 and 4.5, and, in the case of the Z cross-section, a dimuon invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV/c(2). The cross-sections are measured to be 831 +/- 9 +/- 27 +/- 29 pb for W+, 656 +/- 8 +/- 19 +/- 23 for W- and 76.7 +/- 1.7 +/- 3.3 +/- 2.7 pb for Z, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic and the third is due to the luminosity. Differential cross-sections, W and Z cross-section ratios and the lepton charge asymmetry are also measured in the same kinematic region. The ratios are determined to be sigma W+->mu(+)nu/sigma W-->mu-(nu) over bar = 1.27 +/- 0.02 +/- 0.01 and (sigma W+->mu+nu+sigma W-->mu-(nu) over bar)/sigma Z ->mu mu = 19.4 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.9. The results are in general agreement with theoretical predictions, performed at next-to-next-to-leading order in QCD using recently calculated parton distribution functions
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