UNIVERSITY PHARMACY - AN INTERSECTION BETWEEN TEACHING-SERVICE-COMMUNITY

Objetivo: O objetivo desse estudo foi demonstrar a importância da Farmácia Universitária para a formação acadêmica, assim como para a comunidade, com uma visão centrada no paciente e permitindo uma aproximação desse futuro profissional  ao âmbito comunitário. Métodos: Para tanto, realizou-se uma conferência dos equipamentos existentes na Farmácia Escola para viabilizar a oferta dos serviços clínicos, foram elaborados materiais como prontuários para atendimento, além dos algoritmos de decisão clínica. O estudo em questão foi realizado de janeiro a julho de 2019. Resultados: Como estratégia de marketing dos serviços ofertados na Farmácia Universitária, realizou-se uma campanha que abrangeu a produção de banners e panfletos informativos sobre a hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus e as dislipidemias, para serem distribuídos para a população acadêmica e contou com a contribuição de estudantes das disciplinas de Atenção e Consultório Farmacêutico na realização dos procedimentos em saúde. Conclusões: Conclui-se que os serviços clínicos farmacêuticos foram publicizados para que a população acadêmica, a priori, busque a Farmácia Universitária que tem a finalidade de promoção, recuperação, proteção e manutenção da saúde por meio do cuidado farmacêutico, aproximando dos estudantes a futura realidade profissional, tornando possível integralizar ensino-serviço-comunidade e transformar a formação acadêmica

Structural and thermal properties of polypropylene mesh used in treatment of stress urinary incontinence

Besides material biocompatibility, it is possible to infer that both vaginal and urethral erosion rates associated with sub-urethral synthetic slings may be related to the mechanical properties of the meshes and also to their other properties. With the aim of understanding what distinguishes the different polypropylene meshes, used for the treatment of the stress urinary incontinence (SUI), their structural and thermal properties were investigated. Five different mesh types were tested (Aris (TM), Auto Suture (TM), Avaulta (TM), TVTO (TM) and Uretex (TM)). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tests were performed. Furthermore, geometry (electron microscope), linear density and relative density (pyknometer) of the meshes were investigated. The meshes are made of the isotactic polypropylene homopolymer. Aris (TM) mesh presented the smallest fibre diameter, linear density and the level of crystallinity among all the meshes used for the treatment of the SUI. This study shows that there is a direct relationship between the fibre diameter, linear density, level of crystallinity and flexural stiffness of the polypropylene meshes used for the treatment of the SUI.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Gynecol, BR-04038031 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Porto, Inst Engn Mech, P-4100 Oporto, PortugalUniv Porto, Dept Gynecol, P-4100 Oporto, PortugalUniv Fed Santa Catarina, Fac Chem, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilState Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Inst Chem, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Gynecol, BR-04038031 Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Fatigue Performance of Thin Laser Butt Welds in HSLA Steel

This work is focused on understanding the significant factors affecting the fatigue strength of laser-welded butt joints in thin high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel. The effects of the weld profile, imperfections, hardness, and residual stresses were considered to explain the results found in the S-N curves of four welded series. The results showed acceptable fatigue strength although the welded series presented multiple-imperfections. The analysis of fatigue behavior at low stress levels through the stress-concentrating effect explained the influence of each factor on the S-N curves of the welded series. The fatigue limits of the welded series predicted through the stress-concentrating effect and by the relationship proposed by Murakami showed good agreement with the experimental results. © 2021 by the authors

Propagação vegetativa de romã em diferentes substratos

The pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) belonging to the family Punicaceae, is a plant widely used as ornamental fruit and has medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate different types of substrates in the process of P. granatum vegetative propagation. Hardwood cuttings were planted approximately 20 cm in length and diameter between 2.0 and 4.0 mm. The experimental design was completely randomized design with five treatments and eight repetitions. The substrates were 1-Plantimax® , 2-sand, 3-arisco, 4-coconut fiber and 5-soil. The cuttings were placed for rooting in polyethylene bags of 12 x 20 cm. At 60 days after planting traits were evaluated: number of leaves, mean number of shoots, average length of shoots, weight of dry matter of shoots and roots. The Plantmax® provided the greatest survival rate (70%), number of shoots (3.9) and dry mass of shoots (2.8 g), while the coconut fiber showed higher shoot length (14.5 cm ). The worst was the substrate for all soil characteristics. It is recommended to Plantmax® for the production of seedlings of Punica granatum.A romã (Punica granatum L.) pertencente à família Punicaceae, é uma planta frutífera muito utilizada como ornamental que reúne propriedades medicinais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes tipos de substratos no processo de propagação vegetativa de P. granatum. Foram plantadas estacas lenhosas com aproximadamente 20 cm de comprimento e diâmetro médio entre 2,0 e 4,0 mm. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos e 8 repetições. Os substratos foram 1- plantimax® , 2-areia, 3-arisco, 4-fibra de coco e 5-solo. As estacas foram colocadas para enraizar em sacolas de polietileno de 12 X 20 cm. Aos 60 dias após o plantio foram avaliadas as características: número médio de folhas, número médio de brotações, comprimento médio das brotações, peso médio da matéria seca dos brotos e da raiz. O substrato plantmax® proporcionou a maior porcentagem de sobrevivência (70%), número de brotações (3,9) e massa seca das brotações (2,8 g), enquanto a fibra de coco proporcionou maior comprimento das brotações (14,5 cm). O pior substrato foi o solo para todas as características. Recomenda-se o substrato plantmax® para a produção de mudas de Punica granatum

PROPAGAÇÃO VEGETATIVA DE ROMÃ EM DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS

A romã (Punica granatum L.) pertencente à família Punicaceae, é uma planta frutífera muito utilizada como ornamental que reúne propriedades medicinais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diferentes tipos de substratos no processo de propagação vegetativa de P. granatum. Foram plantadas estacas lenhosas com aproximadamente 20 cm de comprimento e diâmetro médio entre 2,0 e 4,0 mm. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 5 tratamentos e 8 repetições. Os substratos foram 1-plantimax®, 2-areia, 3-arisco, 4-fibra de coco e 5-solo. As estacas foram colocadas para enraizar em sacolas de polietileno de 12 X 20 cm. Aos 60 dias após o plantio foram avaliadas as características: número médio de folhas, número médio de brotações, comprimento médio das brotações, peso médio da matéria seca dos brotos e da raiz. O substrato plantmax® proporcionou a maior porcentagem de sobrevivência (70%), número de brotações (3,9) e massa seca das brotações (2,8 g), enquanto a fibra de coco proporcionou maior comprimento das brotações (14,5 cm). O pior substrato foi o solo para todas as características. Recomenda-se o substrato plantmax® para a produção de mudas de Punica granatum

Hospedeiros alternativos de Alternaria cucumerina

Alternaria leaf spot or blight of cucurbits crops is caused by the fungus Alternaria cucumerina. This disease is one of the most severe on sandy soils and causes damage due to defoliation (leaf loss) that predisposes the fruit to sunborn and also reduces fruit yield, size and quality. This study aimed to investigate possible alternative hosts of the pathogen in order to recommend the erradication of such hosts near commercial areas. Plants of caxixi with necrotic spots symptoms on leaves were detected close to experimental plantings of watermelon in Juazeiro – BA. After isolation and inoculation of the pathogen on caxixi and watermelon plants, the pathogenicity of A. cucumerina was confirmed on these plants. In order to study the alternative hosts of this fungus, several species/cultivars of cucurbits, solanaceous, gramineous, and leguminous were obtained at the first true leaf stage which was inoculated by spraying the foliage with a suspension of A. cucumerina at a concentration of 104 conidia/ml. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 2 x 12, represented by two isolates of the pathogen and 12 different species / cultivars with four replications and experimental unit consisting of two seedlings. The susceptibility of plants to A cucumerina was evaluated based on the incubation period (IP) and disease incidence (INC). The lowest PIs were observed in watermelon (5,62 days) and in calabash (6.06 days). Egg plant, tomato, pepper, bean, cowpea and corn did not show symptoms. The highest INC were determined in watermelon (93,75%) and in calabash (81,25%).A mancha ou queima de alternaria em cucurbitáceas é causada pelo fungo Alternaria cucumerina. Esta doença é uma das mais severas em solos arenosos e causa danos devido ao desfolhamento que predispõe os frutos à queimadura do sol, além de redução no tamanho e qualidade dos mesmos. Este trabalho objetivou investigar possíveis hospedeiros alternativos do patógeno visando fornecer subsídios para recomendação da erradicação e tais hospedeiros próximos de áreas comerciais. Foram detectadas plantas de caxixe próximas a plantios experimentais de melancia no município de Juazeiro – BA, com sintomas de manchas necróticas nas folhas. Após isolamento e inoculação do isolado em plantas de caxixe e melancia sadia, confirmou-se a patogenicidad do fungo A. cucumerina a essas plantas. Para estudar a ação destes isolados em diferentes hospedeiros, estes foram inoculados em várias espécies/cultivares no estágio de primeiras folhas definitivas, incluindo cucurbitáceas, solanáceas, gramíneas e leguminosas, que foram inoculados por atomização da parte aérea com uma suspensão de A. cucumerina na concentração de 104 conídios/mL. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 12, representados por dois isolados do patógeno e 12 diferentes espécies/cultivares com quatro repetições, sendo a unidade experimental constituída por duas plântulas. A suscetibilidade das plantas aos isolados do fungo A. cucumerina foi avaliada pelas variáveis período de incubação (PI) e incidência da doença (INC). Os menores PIs foram observados em melancia (5,62 dias) e em cabaça (6,06 dias). Berinjela, tomate, pimentão, feijão, caupi e milho não apresentaram sintomas. Maiores incidências foram verificados em melancia (93,75%) e em cabaça (81,25%).La mancha o quema de alternaria en cucurbitáceas es causada por el fungo Alternaria cucumerina. Esta enfermedad es una de las más severas en suelos arenosos y causa daños debido al desfolhamento que predispõe los frutos a la quemadura del sol, además de reducción en el tamaño y calidad de los mismos. Este trabajo objetivou investigar posibles azafatos alternativos del patógeno visando suministrar subsidios para recomendación de la erradicação y tales azafatos próximos de áreas comerciales. Fueron detectadas plantas de caxixe próximas la plantios experimentáis de melancia en el municipio de Juazeiro – BA, con síntomas de manchas necróticas en las hojas. Después de aislamiento e inoculação del aislado en plantas de caxixe y melancia sadia, se confirmó la patogenicidad del fungo A. cucumerina a esas plantas. Para estudiar la acción de estos aislados en diferentes azafatos, estos fueron inoculados en varias especies/cultivares en el estágio de primeras hojas definitivas, incluyendo cucurbitáceas, solanáceas, gramíneas y leguminosas, que fueron inoculados por atomização de la parte aérea con una suspensión de A. cucumerina en la concentración de 104 conídios/ml. El delineamento experimental fue enteramente casualizado, en arreglo factorial 2 x 12, representados por dos aislados del patógeno y 12 diferentes especies/cultivares con cuatro repeticiones, siendo la unidad experimental constituida por dos plântulas. La susceptibilidad de las plantas a los aislados del fungo A. cucumerina fue evaluada pelas variabais periodo de incubação (PI) e incidência de la enfermedad (INC). Los menores PIs fueron observados en melancia (5,62 días) y en cabaça (6,06 días). Berinjela, tomate, pimentão, feijão, caupi y milho no presentaron síntomas. Mayores incidências fueron verificados en melancia (93,75%) y en cabaça (81,25%)

Hepatic DNA Deposition Drives Drug-Induced Liver Injury and Inflammation in Mice

UNLABELLED: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an important cause of acute liver failure, with limited therapeutic options. During DILI, oncotic necrosis with concomitant release and recognition of intracellular content amplifies liver inflammation and injury. Among these molecules, self-DNA has been widely shown to trigger inflammatory and autoimmune diseases; however, whether DNA released from damaged hepatocytes accumulates into necrotic liver and the impact of its recognition by the immune system remains elusive. Here we show that treatment with two different hepatotoxic compounds (acetaminophen and thioacetamide) caused DNA release into the hepatocyte cytoplasm, which occurred in parallel with cell death in vitro. Administration of these compounds in vivo caused massive DNA deposition within liver necrotic areas, together with an intravascular DNA coating. Using confocal intravital microscopy, we revealed that liver injury due to acetaminophen overdose led to a directional migration of neutrophils to DNA-rich areas, where they exhibit an active patrolling behavior. DNA removal by intravenous DNASE1 injection or ablation of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9)-mediated sensing significantly reduced systemic inflammation, liver neutrophil recruitment, and hepatotoxicity. Analysis of liver leukocytes by flow cytometry revealed that emigrated neutrophils up-regulated TLR9 expression during acetaminophen-mediated necrosis, and these cells sensed and reacted to extracellular DNA by activating the TLR9/NF-κB pathway. Likewise, adoptive transfer of wild-type neutrophils to TLR9(-/-) mice reversed the hepatoprotective phenotype otherwise observed in TLR9 absence. CONCLUSION: Hepatic DNA accumulation is a novel feature of DILI pathogenesis. Blockage of DNA recognition by the innate immune system may constitute a promising therapeutic venue.status: publishe

Hepatic DNA deposition drives drug-induced liver injury and inflammation in mice

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an important cause of acute liver failure with limited therapeutic options. During DILI, oncotic necrosis with concomitant release and recognition of intracellular content amplifies liver inflammation and injury. Amongst these molecules, self-DNA has been widely shown to trigger inflammatory and autoimmune diseases; however, whether DNA released from damaged hepatocytes accumulates into necrotic liver and the impact of its recognition by the immune system remains elusive. Here we showed that treatment with two different hepatotoxic compounds (acetaminophen and thioacetamide) caused DNA release into the hepatocyte cytoplasm, which occurred in parallel with cell death in vitro. Administration of these compounds in vivo caused massive DNA deposition within liver necrotic areas, together with an intravascular DNA coating. Using confocal intravital microscopy, we revealed that liver injury due to acetaminophen overdose led to a directional migration of neutrophils to DNA-rich areas, where they exhibit an active patrolling behavior. DNA removal by intravenous DNASE1 injection or ablation of TLR9-mediated sensing significantly reduced systemic inflammation, liver neutrophil recruitment and hepatotoxicity. Analysis of liver leukocytes by flow cytometry revealed that emigrated neutrophils upregulated TLR9 expression during acetaminophen-mediated necrosis, and these cells sensed and reacted to extracellular DNA by activating the TLR9/NF-κB pathway. Likewise, adoptive transfer of wild-type neutrophils to TLR9(-/-) mice reversed the hepatoprotective phenotype otherwise observed in TLR9 absence. Conclusion: We described that hepatic DNA accumulation is a novel feature of DILI pathogenesis and blockage of DNA recognition by the innate immune system may consist in a promising therapeutic venue