Primeiro registro de Leptodactylus cupreus (Anura, Leptodactylidae) no Quadrilátero Ferrífero em Minas Gerais, Brasil

O Quadrilátero Ferrífero, extremo sul da Serra do Espinhaço em Minas Gerais, possui relevância para a conservação de anfíbios, em função de elevados diversidade e endemismo. Apresenta-se o registro da rã Leptodactylus cupreus no Quadrilátero, espécie endêmica da Mata Atlântica e até então conhecida na Serra do Brigadeiro em Minas Gerais e algumas localidades no Espírito Santo e Bahia. Um exemplar de L. cupreus foi coletado em remanescente florestal na Fazenda Patrimônio, Município de Mariana, na borda leste do Quadrilátero. Este registro é o primeiro da espécie no Espinhaço e o segundo em Minas Gerais, evidenciando-se que ainda há lacunas de conhecimento sobre a composição faunística de anfíbios na região.

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Distribuição geográfica de Scinax crospedospilus (Anura, Hylidae), incluindo novos registros na Mata Atlântica de Minas Gerais (Brasil)

A perereca Scinax crospedospilus foi descrita com base em síntipos coletados no vale do rio Paraíba do Sul e posteriormente foi registrada em várias localidades na Mata Atlântica dos estados do Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo e Minas Gerais. Apresenta-se um amplo mapeamento da espécie, baseado em revisão bibliográfica, análise de coleções científicas e amostragens em campo, incluindo novos registros na Mata Atlântica de Minas Gerais. Scinax crospedospilus foi coletado em algumas localidades de Mariana, na borda oriental do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, mostrando-se raro na região. Com a análise de coleções, foram localizados exemplares procedentes de 13 municípios localizados em diversas unidades de relevo. Em campo se observou que S. crospedospilus possui certa tolerância a perturbações do hábitat, realiza reprodução em pequenas represas na borda de floresta alterada e os machos vocalizam à noite sobre árvores e arbustos na margem d’água e, em período vespertino, no dossel de árvores baixas, inclusive dentro de bromélias. Os dados levantados permitiram concluir que S. crospedospilus é endêmico da Mata Atlântica e possui uma ampla distribuição pelo bioma no Sudeste do Brasil

Novos Registros Geográficos, Variação Morfológica e Notas de História Natural de Scinax tripui (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae) na Mata Atlântica de Minas Gerais (Brasil)

The tree frog Scinax tripui is still little known. From field collections in the Quadrilátero Ferrífero, and analysis of scientific collections, we present here a large number of new geographic records for the species in the Atlantic Forest of Minas Gerais State, as well as observations of habitat use and morphological variation. We collected specimens of S. tripui in 40 localities, and obtained 19 further locations from scientific collections. We found that the species is distributed throughout the mountains of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero and northern portion of Mantiqueira mountain range, in the central-southeast of Minas Gerais and south of Espírito Santo States, and it is frequent in the forests of the Quadrilátero. Field studies showed that individuals of S. tripui are restricted to permanent streams in forested areas, associated with preserved microhabitats, and reproduce during local winter and early spring (July to September). We observed in life color variation for S. tripui, mainly of the inguinal region and anterior and posterior parts of the thigh (which may be light green, light blue, light yellow or white); and in the dorsal color pattern (which may be grey, olive, straw or light brown). Seven morphometric measurements of adults were taken, and significant variation was obtained for snout-vent length. Color variations, measurements and size were present along the Quadrilátero Ferrífero and S. tripui exhibits large intrapopulational variation.O anuro Scinax tripui permanecia pouco conhecido. A partir de amostragens em campo no Quadrilátero Ferrífero e análises de coleções científicas são apresentados um expressivo número de novos registros geográficos da espécie na Mata Atlântica do estado de Minas Gerais, observações de uso de habitat e variações morfológicas. Exemplares de S. tripui foram coletados em 40 localidades e em coleções foram levantadas mais 19 localidades. Observou-se que a espécie distribui-se pelas serras do Quadrilátero Ferrífero e porção norte da Serra da Mantiqueira, no centro-sudeste de Minas Gerais e sul do Espírito Santo, com ocorrência frequente nas matas do Quadrilátero. Constatou-se que S. tripui é restrito a córregos e riachos perenes em ambiente florestal, sendo associado a microhabitats mais íntegros, e exibe atividade reprodutiva ao longo do inverno e início da primavera (julho a setembro). A coloração em vida de S. tripui variou principalmente na região inguinal e partes anterior e posterior da coxa, que podem ser verde-claras, azul-claras, amarelo-claras ou brancas; e no padrão de coloração dorsal, que pode ser cinza, oliva, palha ou marrom-claro. Foram aferidas sete medidas morfométricas de adultos, sendo obtida expressiva variação do tamanho (comprimento rostro-cloacal). As variações de coloração, medidas e porte foram recorrentes ao longo do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, sendo constatado que S. tripui exibe expressiva variação intrapopulacional

ATIVIDADES DE EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE COM PACIENTES CIRÚRGICOS EM UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO: Relato de Experiência

Este trabalho tem por objetivo relatar as atividades de educação em saúde, realizadas na Unidade de Clínica Cirúrgica de um Hospital Universitário localizado no município de Santa Maria/RS. Tais atividades eram baseadas nas orientações pré-operatórias aos pacientes cirúrgicos, juntamente com seus familiares e/ou cuidadores. Durante as orientações, eram utilizados cartazes ilustrativos do sistema envolvido em cada uma das cirurgias realizadas, juntamente com bonecos que apresentam algumas intervenções que supostamente o paciente irá sofrer durante a cirurgia, sendo possível ao paciente manipular os bonecos, para um maior entendimento da cirurgia que lhe foi proposta e como o mesmo pode se deparar no pós-operatório. A partir dessas atividades, além das orientações préoperatórias com base no esclarecimento das dúvidas dos pacientes e seus familiares/cuidadores, também são abordados os aspectos emocionais do paciente, através do diálogo entre o profissional e paciente/familiares, de modo que estes possam participar e contribuir para sua recuperação