Clustered VLIW architecture based on queue register files

Institute for Computing Systems ArchitectureInstruction-level parallelism (ILP) is a set of hardware and software techniques that allow parallel execution of machine operations. Superscalar architectures rely most heavily upon hardware schemes to identify parallelism among operations. Although successful in terms of performance, the hardware complexity involved might limit the scalability of this model. VLIW architectures use a different approach to exploit ILP. In this case all data dependence analyses and scheduling of operations are performed at compile time, resulting in a simpler hardware organization. This allows the inclusion of a larger number of functional units (FUs) into a single chip. IN spite of this relative simplification, the scalability of VLIW architectures can be constrained by the size and number of ports of the register file. VLIW machines often use software pipelining techniques to improve the execution of loop structures, which can increase the register pressure. Furthermore, the access time of a register file can be compromised by the number of ports, causing a negative impact on the machine cycle time. For these reasons we understand that the benefits of having parallel FUs, which have motivated the investigation of alternative machine designs. This thesis presents a scalar VLIW architecture comprising clusters of FUs and private register files. Register files organised as queue structures are used as a mechanism for inter-cluster communication, allowing the enforcement of fixed latency in the process. This scheme presents better possibilities in terms of scalability as the size of the individual register files is not determined by the total number of FUs, suggesting that the silicon area may grow only linearly with respect to the total number of FUs. However, the effectiveness of such an organization depends on the efficiency of the code partitioning strategy. We have developed an algorithm for a clustered VLIW architecture integrating both software pipelining and code partitioning in a a single procedure. Experimental results show it may allow performance levels close to an unclustered machine without communication restraints. Finally, we have developed silicon area and cycle time models to quantify the scalability of performance and cost for this class of architecture

Multi-sensor Framework for Heart Rate and Blood Oxygen Saturation Monitoring of Human Body

Cardiovascular diseases have been the cause of death for millions of people. Some of these deaths could be avoided if there was a signi cant increase of diagnosis for the detection of such diseases. This diagnosis, in turn, could be realized with the increased availability of robust and low-cost medical diagnostic devices. Integrated technology sensors available on wearable devices have been commonly used to read physiological data in users (patients). Particularly the pulse oximetry sensors, o ers a unique, non-invasive method that can be used to detect the severity of such diseases. This evaluation of the physical condition of the patient for certain diseases is possible due to non-invasive measurement through photoplethysmography, which allows the extraction of heart rate and oxygen saturation in the blood. Since some diseases diagnoses require simultaneous monitoring of blood oxygen saturation values at various sites in the body, a project has been developed to perform such reading of physiological data. This thesis presents the development of a systems platform based on the use of multiple pulse oximetry sensors connected to an application developed for a mobile device though a wireless connection. The purpose of this platform is to provide an easy-to-read experience of health data that can be analyzed to diagnose cardiovascular disease symptoms, aiding in an early diagnosis. The complete structure as well as the aspects of the analysis and implementation of the systems related to the proposed architecture are described in this dissertation

Dynamic clustering of evolving networks: some results on the line

International audienceUnderstanding the dynamics of evolving social/infrastructure networks is a central challenge in many applied areas such as epidemiology, viral marketing, city planification, etc. During the last decade, a massive amount of data has been collected on such networks that still resist to analysis. In this article, we propose to use the data on the dynamics to find better partitions of the network into groups by requiring the groups to be stable over time. For that purpose, we introduce a dynamic version of the k-clustering problem which includes a cost for every point that moves from one cluster to another. We show that this yields in many realistic situations better fitting solutions than optimizing independently various snapshots of the network. We present a first non-trivial exact algorithm for this problem when the points move along a line; this algorithm runs in polynomial time when k and the time horizon are bounded by a constant. We conclude with a series of surprising results on the complexity of the structure of optimal solutions for the line case

Estratigrafía y ambientes deposicionales de la Cuenca Bauru (Cretácico superior, Brasil)

The Upper Cretaceous Bauru Basin developed in the south-central part of the South American Plate resulting from the thermo-mechanical subsidence processes which followed the break-up of Gondwana and the opening of the Southern Atlantic Ocean (Figs. 1 to 3). In this inland basin it was developed an essentially sandy, 300 m thick siliciclastic, alluvial and aeolian dominated sequence (red beds), the so called Cretaceous Suprabasaltic Sequence -¡.e. "Secuencia Suprabasáltica Cretácica" (SSC). This sequence presently occurs in a very extensive area of 370,000 km2 and unconformably overlies the mainly basaltic Neocomian Paraná Volcanic Floods (Sena Geral Formation), from which it is separated by an erosive surface (Figs. 4 and 5). The sequence deposits extend between 18OS and 24OS latitudes and 47OW and 56OW longitudes covering parts of the states of SEO Paulo, Paraná, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais and Goiás in Brazil. It also occurs in northeastem Paraguay. A stratigraphic review of the whole SSC, based on studies developed mainly on the southwestern part of the basin is shown in this paper which also deals with the structural, paleoclimatic and paleogeographic settings of the basin. The sedimeniological features, depositional environments and paleogeographic distribution of the defined stratigraphic units is analyzed, as well as their general resulting implications on the paleobiological record (Figs. 5 to 7). The sequence is formed by two synchronous groups, the aeolian dominated Caiuá Group and the alluvial dominated Bauru Group. and was deposited in an asymmemcal closed basin, which underwent climatic conditions ranging from semi-and at its margins to dessertic in the inner basin zones. Alluvial sedimentation in the Bauru basin was simultaneous with the progressive uplift of its margins, constituted by tectonic uplifts which separated the basin from other neighbouring cretaceous basins. Life in the Bauru Basin developed best in areas with largest water supply, such as in the broad braid plains, where ephemeral carbonate water shallow lakes and ponds developed. Reptiles (mainly dinosaurs, crocodiles and turtles) dwelled there. Increasing aridity resulted in the gradual reduction in the paleobiological diversity as recorded in the inner, central basinal aeolian dominated units, with an almost complete lack of fossils in the sand sea deposits of the central paleodessert

Um metodo streamline diffusion descontinuo aplicado a um modelo de espalhamento de manchas de petroleo

Orientadores: Jose Luiz Boldrini, Petronio PulinoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação CientificaDoutoradoDoutor em Matemática Aplicad

Taxa de câmbio, rentabilidade e quantum exportado: existe alguma relação afinal? evidências para o Brasil

Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar em que medida a taxa de câmbio real é um condicionanteimportante para a evolução do quantum exportado brasileiro. Para tanto, é testada a existênciade alguma relação entre variações na taxa de câmbio real e variações no quantum exportado, asaber, relação de causalidade no sentido de Granger em qualquer direção e correlaçãosimultânea dos choques que afetam tais séries, conforme o método sugerido por Gourieroux eJasiak (2001). Não foi possível obter evidência forte de relação entre a taxa de câmbio real e oquantum exportado em termos agregados para o período analisado (1977 a 2009). Entretanto,para várias desagregações e destinos foi possível detectar a existência de pelo menos umadestas relações entre a taxa de câmbio real e quantum exportado. Em particular, para o casodos bens básicos, não há evidência de relação robusta entre as variáveis pesquisadas. O mesmovale para bens intermediários. Já para os bens finais – bens de capital, de consumo de bensduráveis e não duráveis – a evidência de relação entre a taxa de câmbio e o quantum é maisforte. Como conclusão, o trabalho sugere que a taxa de câmbio, embora não tenha efeitossignificativos em termos agregados, pode gerar importantes efeitos sobre a composição dasexportações.

Contribuição ao estudo litogeoquímico dos AUGEN GNAISSES do município de Niterói - RJ

A presente área estudada é marcada por rochas porfiroblásticas, de granulometria média a grossa em matriz quartzo – feldspática com concentrações variáveis de feldspatos potássicos, como microclina e seus produtos de alteração como principais pórfiros; tais rochas são conhecidas como os augen gnaisses, rocha está muito predominante na região do município de Niterói – RJ. Na área estudada de 64K aproximadamente, foram identificadas cinco unidades: a Unidade Ilha da Conceição, a Unidade Morro da Penha, a Unidade Ingá e as Sub – Unidades Gnaisse Facoidal com e sem porções charnockíticas. Petrograficamente ainda se pode definir um litotipo transicional contendo porções charnockitizadas e sem charnockitização em proporções variadas. As rochas modalmente se comportam como granitos a granodioritos, plotando no campo do quartzo monzonito as amostras mais charnockitizadas principalmente (Streckeisen, 1976). Nos diagramas químicos de classificação de rochas, houve certa discordância com o diagrama de Streckeisen (1976) para rochas plutônicas, sendo normal para rochas inequigranulares porfiríticas. Quimicamente as rochas denotaram um caráter metaluminoso, uma assinatura cálcio – alcalina, e uma similaridade no padrão dos elementos terras raras, principalmente ao padrão de OIB. Preliminarmente pode-se dizer que existe certa cogenética litogeoquimica, sendo ainda necessários estudos geoquímicos complementares e determinações isotópicas para futuras comparações

PLACE AND ITS MULTIDIMENTIONALITY

doi: 10.12957/geouerj.2016.13988   According to its classic conception in geography, humanism values existence over the material world. However, when place is analyzed as experience, it implies materiality and immateriality, concrete and abstract, objective and subjective. How to neglect materiality and the spatial events that take place before us? Does the material world that surround us – as well as the dynamics by which we are surrounded – influence our existence? One of the main characteristics of humanism in geography is its holistic nature, which values the wholeness for the purpose of not losing the richness of the totality. Has not humanism in geography emerged from the loophole created by the exacerbated objectivism and by the consequent negligence to the subjective values of individuals and social groups? I personally believe that the detachment between objective and subjective dimensions of reality created the gap from which a geography that does not wish a science that was born with the ambition of unveiling the world in its totality and diversity emerged. In this text, I aim at proposing an example of analysis in the between line, integrating subjectivism and objectivism in the same reality: spatial and existential; material and immaterial ecc

A Software Framework to Create 3D Browser-Based Speech Enabled Applications

The advances in automatic speech recognition have pushed the humancomputer interface researchers to adopt speech as one mean of input data. It is natural to humans, and complements very well other input interfaces. However, integrating an automatic speech recognizer into a complex system (such as a 3D visualization system or a Virtual Reality system) can be a difficult and time consuming task. In this paper we present our approach to the problem, a software framework requiringminimum additional coding from the application developer. The framework combines voice commands with existing interaction code, automating the task of creating a new speech grammar (to be used by the recognizer). A new listener component for theXj3D was created, which makes transparent to the user the integration between the 3D browser and the recognizer. We believe this is a desirable feature for virtual reality system developers, and also to be used as a rapid prototyping tool when experimenting with speech technology