Clareamento em dentes vitais: uma revisão literária

A técnica do clareamento dental evoluiu muito, sendo que as novas técnicas trouxeram maior conforto e perspectiva para os pacientes. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi abordar os agentes clareadores, técnicas, vantagens e desvantagens e efeitos destes agentes no meio oral. Os principais agentes utilizados no clareamento vital são o peróxido de hidrogênio e o peróxido de carbamida, os quais promovem o clareamento através da oxidação de compostos orgânicos, sendo que a aplicação desses agentes pode ser caseira ou feita em consultório. Durante o tratamento, podem surgir alguns efeitos adversos como sensibilidade dental, aumento da porosidade dental e algumas ações sobre os materiais restauradores. Entretanto, tais efeitos adversos podem ser eliminados ou controlados quando a técnica é executada sob a orientação profissional. Quando a técnica de clareamento é bem indicada e corretamente conduzida, ela é associada a resultados altamente satisfatórios

Desinformação sobre o Covid-19 no WhatsApp: a pandemia enquadrada como debate político

In this paper, we discuss how the disinformation about Covid-19 is framed on WhatsApp in Brazil. Our aims are: (1) analyze political discourse influence in these processes and (2) identify the disinformation about Covid-19 characteristics on WhatsApp. We used content analysis to analyze 802 messages collected using the WhatsApp Monitor during March and April, 2020. Our main findings are: (1) the pandemic was framed as political debate and the disinformation was used to strengthen a pro-Bolsonaro narrative at a time of government crisis; and (2) WhatsApp affordances affected the content and the discursive strategies in the messages, which appropriate the most private space to propagate conspiracy theories based on opinion and use strategies such as call to action to increase the spread of misinformation.Neste artigo, discutimos como é enquadrada a desinformação sobre o Covid-19 no WhatsApp no Brasil. Nossos objetivos são: (1) analisar a influência do discurso político nestes processos e (2) identificar as características da desinformação sobre o Covid-19 nesta ferramenta. Para isso, utilizamos a análise de conteúdo em um conjunto de 802 mensagens coletadas por meio do Monitor do WhatsApp em março e abril de 2020. Os nossos principais resultados mostram que: (1) a pandemia foi enquadrada como debate político e a desinformação foi utilizada para fortalecer uma narrativa pró-Bolsonaro em momento de crise do governo; e (2) as affordances do WhatsApp afetam o conteúdo e as estratégias discursivas das mensagens, que se apropriam do espaço mais privado para propagar teorias da conspiração baseadas em opinião e utilizam estratégias como o call to action para aumentar a propagação da desinformação

Research note: Bolsonaro’s firehose: How Covid-19 disinformation on WhatsApp was used to fight a government political crisis in Brazil

Brazil has one of the highest rates of cases and deaths attributed to Covid-19 in the world. Two factors contributed to the high rates: the Brazilian government underestimated the pandemic and a large amount of disinformation was spread through social media. We found that disinformation about Covid-19 on WhatsApp was associated with political disinformation, mostly composed to support president Bolsonaro during the crisis he faced at the beginning of the pandemic. Our main finding implicates that disinformation on WhatsApp was connected to the far-right political discourse and framed Covid-19 as a political issue rather than a public health issue

COMPLICAÇÕES CARDIOVASCULARES DA DOENÇA DE KAWASAKI: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Kawasaki Disease corresponds to a primary vasculitis that mainly affects preschool children, with a slight predominance of males and Asian ethnicity. It is the main vasculitis in developed countries and the 2nd in underdeveloped countries. The diagnosis is essentially clinical, characterized by the presence of fever lasting 5 days or more, associated with conjunctivitis, cervical lymphadenopathy, mucositis, changes in the extremities and rash. Treatment is essentially carried out with immunoglobulin and AAS. Diagnosis and treatment must be carried out effectively and in an ideal time in order to reduce the chance of progression to the main complication of the pathology: coronary artery aneurysm.A Doença de Kawasaki corresponde a uma vasculite primária que afeta, principalmente, crianças em idade pré-escolar, com leve predominância do sexo masculino e etnia asiática. É a principal vasculite em países desenvolvidos e a 2ª em países subdesenvolvidos. O diagnóstico é essencialmente clínico, caracterizado pela presença de febre com duração igual ou superior a 5 dias, associada a conjuntivite, linfadenopatia cervical, mucosite, alterações em extremidades e exantema. O tratamento é realizado essencialmente com imunoglobulina e AAS. O diagnóstico e o tratamento devem ser realizados de forma eficaz e em tempo ideal com o intuito de diminui a chance de evolução para principal complicação da patologia: aneurisma de artéria coronariana

The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications

The Genome of Anopheles darlingi, the main neotropical malaria vector

Anopheles darlingi is the principal neotropical malaria vector, responsible for more than a million cases of malaria per year on the American continent. Anopheles darlingi diverged from the African and Asian malaria vectors ∼100 million years ago (mya) and successfully adapted to the New World environment. Here we present an annotated reference A. darlingi genome, sequenced from a wild population of males and females collected in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 10 481 predicted protein-coding genes were annotated, 72% of which have their closest counterpart in Anopheles gambiae and 21% have highest similarity with other mosquito species. In spite of a long period of divergent evolution, conserved gene synteny was observed between A. darlingi and A. gambiae. More than 10 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and short indels with potential use as genetic markers were identified. Transposable elements correspond to 2.3% of the A. darlingi genome. Genes associated with hematophagy, immunity and insecticide resistance, directly involved in vectorhuman and vectorparasite interactions, were identified and discussed. This study represents the first effort to sequence the genome of a neotropical malaria vector, and opens a new window through which we can contemplate the evolutionary history of anopheline mosquitoes. It also provides valuable information that may lead to novel strategies to reduce malaria transmission on the South American continent. The A. darlingi genome is accessible at www.labinfo.lncc.br/index.php/anopheles- darlingi. © 2013 The Author(s)