The Theoretical and Empirical Paradox of Temporal Change due to Digital Media in Germany and China

Die Arbeit untersucht theoretisch und empirisch-quantitativ wie sich das Zeitverständnis aufgrund von digitalen Medien ändert und vergleicht dabei Deutschland und China. Ausgehend vom Konzept der De-Westernisierung werden dabei zunächst die zentralen Begriffe wie Zeitverständnis, kultureller Kontext und kultureller Wandel durch digitale Medien geklärt. Das Zeitverständnis basiert auf neun Dimensionen: Vergangenheit, Gegenwart, Zukunft, Lebenstempo, interagierende Erfahrung, instrumentelle Erfahrung, Fatalismus, Zukunft als geplantes Handeln und Zukunft als vertrauensbasiertes Handeln. Mittels kulturvergleichender Befragung in Deutschland und China (n=300) und multivariater Auswertungsverfahren wird gezeigt, dass die Dimensionen entgegen der Hypothesen auf Basis von medienphilosophischen Theorien alle ansteigen und ein Paradox der Zeit entsteht. Dies kann als Erklärungsgrundlage dafür dienen, dass Zeitkonflikte entstehen und das mentale Wohlbefinden beider Kulturen durch digitale Medien beeinträchtigt wird.:Contents 1. Research Desiderates and Research Question…………………………………………9 2. Discussion of Theory Development………………………………………………….11 a. Brief Summary of Theory Development…………………………………..…11 i. Reasoning for Article 1 to Article 4………………………………….11 ii. Key Findings: The Field in 2021..……………………………………12 b. Limitations and Challenges of Theory Development………………………..19 i. Researching in the Tradition of Cultivation Analysis?........................19 ii. Modeling Cultural Change…………………………………………...19 iii. The Forgotten Sub-Dimension Past?....................................................21 iv. Surveillance, Filter Bubbles and Internet Censorship – An Update….23 3. Discussion of Empirical Results……………………………………………………...25 a. Brief Summary of Findings…………………………………………………...25 i. Reasoning for Article 5 to Article 8…………………………………..25 ii. Key Findings: The Field in 2021.…………………………………….25 b. Limitations and Challenges of Method and Findings………………………...34 i. General Remarks……………………………………………………...34 ii. Trans-Cultural Research in Practice…………………………………..36 iii. Response Patterns of German and Chinese Participants……………...38 iv. The Role of Off-liners in Digitally Induced Temporal Change………39 v. Disadvantaged Communities………………………………………....40 vi. Modeling Micro-Meso-Macro Level in Data Analysis……………….41 vii. Structural Equation Modeling………………………………………...43 viii. Interpreting in the Light of Culture Standards………………………..49 8 4. Summary……………………………………………………………………………...53 5. References…………………………………………………………………………….60 6. Appendix……………………………………………………………………………...69 a. Publication Strategy…………………………………………………………..69 b. List of Submitted Articles…………………………………………………….71 c. Versicherung………………………………………………………………….73 d. Article 1………………………………………………………………………74 e. Article 2………………………………………………………………………88 f. Article 3……………………………………………………………………...110 g. Article 4……………………………………………………………………...134 h. Article 5……………………………………………………………………...148 i. Article 6……………………………………………………………………...161 j. Article 7……………………………………………………………………...190 k. Survey Questionnaires……………………………………………………....210 i. German Version Onliners……………………………………....…...210 ii. German Version Offliners…………………………………………...240 iii. Chinese Version Onliners……………………………………...........258 iv. Chinese Version Onliners…………………………………………...283 l. Declaration of Co-Author from Article 7……………………………...........30

Um algoritmo para o cálculo da confiabilidade de sistemas com falhas duais

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção

Association between Disease Severity, Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and Serum Cortisol Concentrations in Horses with Acute Abdominal Pain

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive technique to detect changes in the autonomous nervous system. It has rarely been investigated in horses with colic. Therefore, the objective was to assess the evolution of HRV parameters and cortisol concentrations in horses with colic. The 43 horses included in this study were categorized into three groups according to the treatment (1, surgical; 2, conservative; 3, euthanized). The HRV and laboratory variables were measured at admission (T1), the day after admission (T2), and at discharge (T3) and compared between groups and over time with an ANOVA with Bonferroni correction. Relationships between the HRV parameters themselves and the laboratory variables was assessed by Pearson correlation coefficients. Evolution of the heart rate (HR) over time, mean normal to normal R intervals (meanNN) and cortisol concentrations indicate a decreased sympathetic stimulation over time in group 1 and 2, in contrast to group 3. For group 3, the meanNN and HR differed significantly to group 2 at T1 and to group 1 and 2 at T2. Treatment induced a change in the HRV and cortisol response in horses managed conservatively or surgically but not in horses that required euthanasia. However, further studies are required to assess the validity of HRV analyses in horses with colic

The Effect of Regulatory Sequence Elements upon the Initiation of DNA Replication of the Minute Virus of Mice

AbstractThe minute virus of mice (MVM) genome is a linear single-stranded length of approximately 5000 nucleotides of DNA with unique terminal palindromic sequences at both ends. The left (3′) hairpin is used to prime the initiation of DNA synthesis on parental single-strand DNA while the right (5′) hairpin or stem-plus-arms structure can also prime the initiation of DNA synthesis during synthesis of dimer and higher oligomers as well as synthesis of progeny single strands. Previous studies have shown that if viral duplex DNA was input into anin vitroDNA replication system using extracts from uninfected HeLa cells, the 5′ end of the molecule was able to form a hairpin and initiate DNA synthesis by DNA polymerase δ (Cossonset al.(1996),Virology216, 258–264). In this study, the effect of the deletion of knowncis-acting genetic elements upon the initiation of DNA replication was studied using a series of MVM mutants with deletions within the 5′ terminal region. Mutants containing deletions of elements A (nucleotides 4489–4636), B (nucleotides 4636–4695), and either one or both of the 65-bp repeats (nucleotides 4720–4785 and 4785–4849) were used as template in thein vitroDNA replication system. When element A was deleted, the efficiency of initiation decreased significantly. Subsequent removal of element B, leaving just the two 65-bp repeats, restored levels of initiation back to those seen in the wild-type genome. In the absence of either A or B both 65-bp repeats were necessary for efficient initiation, and removal of one of these repeats caused a decrease in efficiency. Thus, element B appeared to have a negative regulatory effect (in the absence of element A), and element A appeared to have a positive regulatory effect, at least in the presence of element B. These data demonstrate, for the first time, a complex interaction between thesecis-acting regulatory elements which can function as both positive or negative regulators in the initiation of MVM DNA replication

BRICS as formation to study visual online communication? A dialogue on historical origins, perspectives on theory and future directions

In this paper, contributions from scholars working in the field of visual communication and/or online communication are gathered whose scholarly work falls into the BRICS countries realm. The interviews are framed by a brief sketch of the relevance of BRICS countries research in communication and media studies and some prospective comments on this novel field. The contributing scholars in this issue focus on China and Brazil in particular and work across the globe in Germany, the Netherlands, Austria, Switzerland, PR China, the UK and Brazil. They shared their ideas on the subject even though they are scholarly roots lie in fields as diverse as regional studies, political studies, communication and media studies and educational studies. Their thoughts were collected through email interviews and they are presented here in form of a cross-disciplinary dialogue on the issue of visual online communication in BRICS countries and the De-Westernization discourse. Gratefulness goes out to all the ones who have contributed and hopefully this project will contribute to many future dialogues between scholars from across the world

Testfall Dezentralisierung. Die organisationssoziologische Wendung in der Diskussion über neue Arbeitsformen

Kühl S. Testfall Dezentralisierung. Die organisationssoziologische Wendung in der Diskussion über neue Arbeitsformen. In: Faust M, Funder M, Moldaschl M, eds. Die "Organisation" der Arbeit. Arbeit, Innovation und Nachhaltigkeit. Vol 1. Mering, München: Hampp; 2005: 111-145

Disentangling environmental effects in microbial association networks

Background Ecological interactions among microorganisms are fundamental for ecosystem function, yet they are mostly unknown or poorly understood. High-throughput-omics can indicate microbial interactions through associations across time and space, which can be represented as association networks. Associations could result from either ecological interactions between microorganisms, or from environmental selection, where the association is environmentally driven. Therefore, before downstream analysis and interpretation, we need to distinguish the nature of the association, particularly if it is due to environmental selection or not. Results We present EnDED (environmentally driven edge detection), an implementation of four approaches as well as their combination to predict which links between microorganisms in an association network are environmentally driven. The four approaches are sign pattern, overlap, interaction information, and data processing inequality. We tested EnDED on networks from simulated data of 50 microorganisms. The networks contained on average 50 nodes and 1087 edges, of which 60 were true interactions but 1026 false associations (i.e., environmentally driven or due to chance). Applying each method individually, we detected a moderate to high number of environmentally driven edges—87% sign pattern and overlap, 67% interaction information, and 44% data processing inequality. Combining these methods in an intersection approach resulted in retaining more interactions, both true and false (32% of environmentally driven associations). After validation with the simulated datasets, we applied EnDED on a marine microbial network inferred from 10 years of monthly observations of microbial-plankton abundance. The intersection combination predicted that 8.3% of the associations were environmentally driven, while individual methods predicted 24.8% (data processing inequality), 25.7% (interaction information), and up to 84.6% (sign pattern as well as overlap). The fraction of environmentally driven edges among negative microbial associations in the real network increased rapidly with the number of environmental factors. Conclusions To reach accurate hypotheses about ecological interactions, it is important to determine, quantify, and remove environmentally driven associations in marine microbial association networks. For that, EnDED offers up to four individual methods as well as their combination. However, especially for the intersection combination, we suggest using EnDED with other strategies to reduce the number of false associations and consequently the number of potential interaction hypotheses. Video abstrac

Wrasse fishery on the Swedish West Coast: towards ecosystem-based management

Fishing and translocation of marine species for use in aquaculture is widespread. Corkwing, goldsinny, and ballan wrasse (Symphodus melops, Ctenolabrus rupestris, and Labrus bergylta) are fished on the Swedish west coast for use as cleaner-fish in Norwegian salmon farms. Here, we aim to provide knowledge and recommendations to support ecosystem-based management for wrasse fisheries in Sweden. We compared fished and non-fished areas to test if current fishery levels have led to stock depletion. To gain insight on the role of wrasse in the algal belt trophic chain, we analysed the gut contents of goldsinny and corkwing using metabarcoding. Finally, we analysed the trophic interactions of wrasse and potential prey in a mesocosm study. We could not detect any signs of stock depletion or altered size structure in fished areas compared to the protected control area. Gut analyses confirmed both goldsinny and corkwing as non-specialized, omnivorous opportunists and revealed, with 189 prey taxa detected, a broader spectrum of prey than previously known. Common prey items included mesoherbivores such as small gastropods and crustaceans, but also insects and algae. We conclude that there are no visible signs of stock depletion at the current removal level of wrasses by the fishery. However, this emerging fishery should be closely monitored for potential cascading effects on the algal belt ecosystem, and our study could provide a baseline for future monitoring

O trabalhador docente na escola pública: Novos elementos de subsunção ao capital

Neste artigo, problematizamos o papel do Estado no capitalismo contemporâneo em relação ao aprofundamento da crise mundial do capitalismo e a subsequente necessidade de soluções, via reformas impopulares, para se contrapor à queda tendencial da taxa de lucro. Para tanto, buscamos apoio nos escritos de Marx, Engels, Lenin, Gramsci e outros autores do campo marxista, e retomamos as seguintes categorias e conceitos: trabalho, trabalho produtivo e improdutivo, lei da queda tendencial da taxa de lucro, e a crise do capital. Como expressão desses elementos de subsunção ao capital, apresentamos o caso da Rede Municipal de Educação de Florianópolis, destacando processos de terceirização, subvenções sociais, e as novas formas de contratação de trabalhadores docentes.Palavras-chave: Crise do capital. Trabalhador docente. Rede Municipal de Educação de Florianópolis