The research progress of pressure ulcers and action mechanism of negative pressure wound therapy

压力性溃疡（PU）作为截瘫、昏迷及各种原因导致的长时间卧床患者的常见并发症，从最初的理论研究到现在的临床实践，其治疗方法产生了重大变化。负压创面疗法(NPWT）作为近20年来兴起的技术，其封闭、负压等特点，可以针对性作用于PU病程中的各种机制，在治疗PU方面取得了良好的临床效果。本文就PU的病因及发病机制研究进展及NPWT在PU治疗中的作用做一综述。Pressure ulcer (PU) is a common complication in patients with long time lying in bed due to paraplegia, coma and various reasons. It has produced significant changes in clinical practice from the initial theoretical study to the present clinical practice. As the new rising technology in the nearly 20 years, negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) can be targeted at the various mechanisms of PU due to its closeness, negative pressure and other characteristics. It has achieved good curative effect in the treatment of PU. This article reviews the research progress on the etiology and pathogenesis of PU, and the role of NPWT in the treatment of PU

Application of adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry with chemometrics in the determination of ascorbic acid, rutin and quercetin in the food and health products

914-922The simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid, rutin and quercetin in the food and health products on the glassy carbon electrode have been investigated by adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry (AdSDPV) with the aid of chemometrics. In the pH 5.2 KH2PO4 – Na2HPO4 buffer solution, both rutin and quercetin has shown a pair of sensitive reversible oxidation-reduction peak, while ascorbic acid only has shown an irreversible oxidation peak on the glassy carbon electrode. In the range of 0.35-0.50 V, the vlotammograms of three components has shown serious overlap with peak potential of ascorbic acid, rutin and quercetin. So, it is extremely difficult to realize direct measurement for the content of single component. Chemometrics methods have been introduced to determine the admixture of the three components. In this way, we have avoided the troublesome procedures of separation and purification, and assay the artificial compound of the three components all at once. We have estimated the three components in the food and the health products with satisfactory results

Ethnopharmacokinetic- and Activity-Guided Isolation of a New Antidepressive Compound from Fructus Aurantii Found in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Chaihu-Shugan-San: A New Approach and Its Application

Aims. We aimed to identify an antidepressive compound found in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) by a new approach called ethnopharmacokinetic- and activity-guided isolation (EAGI). Methods. The new approach targets an unknown chromatographic peak produced by an absorbed compound found in oral Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS) taken by patients with depression. Once the compound was isolated from Fructus Aurantii (FA), spectral data was employed to identify the compound. The effects of this compound, FA, and CSS on depressive behaviors were investigated. Results. The identified compound was merazin hydrate (MH) according to the new approach. MH, FA, and CSS significantly reduced immobility time and increased locomotor activity. The effects of MH, FA and CSS were similar to Fluoxetine at high doses. Conclusion. MH, a compound whose antidepressive effect is similar to FA and CSS, was isolated for the first time from FA via targeting its corresponding unknown chromatographic peak, and its antidepressive effect was compared with FA or CSS. These findings highlight the potential for drug R&D and pharmacological research of ∼100,000 TCMs

GENERAL ACTEOSIDE OF REHMANNIAE LEAVES IN THE TREATMENT OF PRIMARY CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

The prospective, randomised, parallel controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine – general acteoside of Rehmanniae leaves compared with piperazine ferulate in the treatment of primary chronic glomerulonephritis. A total of 400 patients diagnosed with primary chronic glomerulonephritis were recruited from outpatient clinics and were randomly assigned to the treatment group (general acteoside of Rehmanniae leaves, two 200mg tablets, bid) or the control group (piperazine ferulate, four 50-mg tablets, bid ). The primary outcome was 24-h urinary protein. Secondary outcome measures included evaluated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), erythrocyturia, and electrolytes. After 8 weeks of treatment, the treatment group and the control group showed a mean reduction in 24-h proteinuria of 34.81% and 37.66%. The 95% CI of difference of the mean reduction in 24-h proteinuria between the two groups was [-11.50%, 5.80%]. No significant differences were found between the two groups in the erythrocyturia reduction. Neither group showed obvious changes between baseline and 8 weeks in eGFR or electrolytes. Adverse events occurred at a similarly low rate in the treatment group (1.5%) and control group (2.5%, P = 0.7238). Both general acteoside of of primary chronic glomerulonephritis

GENERAL ACTEOSIDE OF REHMANNIAE LEAVES IN THE TREATMENT OF PRIMARY CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITIS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

The prospective, randomised, parallel controlled trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine – general acteoside of Rehmanniae leaves compared with piperazine ferulate in the treatment of primary chronic glomerulonephritis. A total of 400 patients diagnosed with primary chronic glomerulonephritis were recruited from outpatient clinics and were randomly assigned to the treatment group (general acteoside of Rehmanniae leaves, two 200mg tablets, bid) or the control group (piperazine ferulate, four 50-mg tablets, bid ). The primary outcome was 24-h urinary protein. Secondary outcome measures included evaluated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), erythrocyturia, and electrolytes. After 8 weeks of treatment, the treatment group and the control group showed a mean reduction in 24-h proteinuria of 34.81% and 37.66%. The 95% CI of difference of the mean reduction in 24-h proteinuria between the two groups was [-11.50%, 5.80%]. No significant differences were found between the two groups in the erythrocyturia reduction. Neither group showed obvious changes between baseline and 8 weeks in eGFR or electrolytes. Adverse events occurred at a similarly low rate in the treatment group (1.5%) and control group (2.5%, P = 0.7238). Both general acteoside of of primary chronic glomerulonephritis

Broad-Spectrum Profiling of Drug Safety via Learning Complex Network.

Drug safety is a severe clinical pharmacology and toxicology problem that has caused immense medical and social burdens every year. Regretfully, there still misses a reproducible method to assess drug safety systematically and quantitatively. In this study, we developed an advanced machine learning model for de novo drug safety assessment by solving the multilayer drug-gene-adverse drug reaction (ADR) interaction network. For the first time, the drug safety was assessed in a broad landscape of 1,156 distinct ADRs. We also designed a parameter ToxicityScore to quantify the overall drug safety. Moreover, we determined association strength for every 3,807,631 gene-ADR interactions, which clues mechanistic exploration of ADRs. For convenience, we deployed the model as a web service ADRAlert-gene at http://www.bio-add.org/ADRAlert/. In summary, this study offers insights into prioritizing safe drug therapy. It helps to reduce the attrition rate of new drug discovery by providing reliable ADR profile in early pre-clinical stage

Security and privacy issues of physical objects in the IoT: Challenges and opportunities

In the Internet of Things (IoT), security and privacy issues of physical objects are crucial to the related applications. In order to clarify the complicated security and privacy issues, the life cycle of a physical object is divided into three stages of pre-working, in-working, and post-working. On this basis, a physical object-based security architecture for the IoT is put forward. According to the security architecture, security and privacy requirements and related protecting technologies for physical objects in different working stages are analyzed in detail. Considering the development of IoT technologies, potential security and privacy challenges that IoT objects may face in the pervasive computing environment are summarized. At the same time, possible directions for dealing with these challenges are also pointed out