A guerra sertaneja do Contestado: observações críticas em torno de dois trabalhos

O episódio do movimento messiânico do Contestado, que se desenrolou sobretudo na região limítrofe do Paraná e Santa Catarina, entre 1912-1916, foi objeto de dois trabalhos que tem particular significação: La Guerre Sainte au Brésil: Le Mouvement Messianique du "Contestado", de Maria Isaura Pereira de Queiroz e Messianismo e Conflito Social, de Maurício Vinhas de Queiroz (1)

O Brasil de Lula, segundo Perry Anderson

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Considerações acerca de uma tese: escravidão nas áreas cafeeiras

CONSIDERAÇÕES ACÊRCA DE UMA TESE: Escravidão nas Áreas Cafeeiras - Aspectos econômicos, sociais e ideológicos da desagregação do sistema escravista

Overjoyed and fast -beating heart

Este artigo apresenta algumas reflexões sobre aspectos que envolvem o universo do futebol, mas na perspectiva do torcedor convicto e não dos torcedores de circunstância. Ele procrua entender certos meandros desta paixão, as subjetividades que despontam e as diferentes formas e práticas de torcer criadas por esse tipo de torcedor. Como entrelaça elementos da memória individual e também da coletiva, ele revela, sobretudo, a percepção e as convicções de um destes torcedores.

Uso excesivo de la prisión preventiva: una crítica desde Ecuador

Introduction: In Ecuador, pretrial detention is a distinction based on the seriousness of the crime committed and the type of prison in which the sentenced person would serve the sentence, since pretrial detention is a precautionary measure of a personal nature whose purpose is to ensure certain procedural guarantees; it becomes essential to conceptualize it. Methodology: It is a mixed type of study, it is qualitative when analyzing the social implications of the laws issued, both to sanction and to protect offenders and criminals; and it is quantitative in using statistics of previous cases and the times these procedures were applied, as background for future deliberations. The research is documentary, based on laws, regulations, sentences, descriptive, longitudinal when analyzing the progress and change of human rights protection laws. Results: An issue that we must consider when talking about pretrial detention is the principle of exceptionality; in our Magna Carta in article 77 numeral 1 indicates that the deprivation of liberty will be applied exceptionally and not as a rule. Conclusions: The accusatory criminal system has remained so impregnated with the judicial practices of the previous inquisitorial system, that there are still obvious lags that resist the adaptation of current laws, changes motivated by the inevitable social dynamics; this results in the incorrectly applied and as an anticipated penalty of preventive detention.Introducción: En el Ecuador, la prisión preventiva, genéricamente se trata de una distinción fundada en la gravedad del delito cometido y el tipo de cárcel en el que el sentenciado cumpliría la pena, al ser la prisión preventiva una medida cautelar de carácter personal cuya finalidad es velar por asegurar ciertas garantías procesales; se convierte en imprescindible conceptualizarla. Metodología: Es un estudio de tipo mixto, es cualitativo al analizar las implicaciones sociales de las leyes emitidas, tanto para sancionar como para proteger a los infractores y delincuentes; y es de tipo cuantitativo al utilizar estadísticas de casos previos y las veces que se aplicaron dichos procedimientos, como antecedentes para futuras deliberaciones. La investigación es de tipo documental, al basarse en leyes, reglamentos, sentencias, de tipo descriptivo, de corte longitudinal al analizar el avance y cambio de las leyes de protección de los derechos humanos. Resultados: Un tema que debemos tener en cuenta al momento de hablar de la prisión preventiva es el principio de excepcionalidad; en nuestra Carta Magna en el artículo 77 numeral 1 indica que la privación de la libertad se aplicará excepcionalmente y no como regla.  Conclusiones: El sistema penal acusatorio se ha mantenido tan impregnado de las prácticas judiciales del anterior sistema inquisitivo, que aún se manejan evidentes rezagos que se resisten a la adaptación de las leyes actuales, cambios motivados por la inevitable dinámica social; esto da como resultado que se aplique incorrectamente y a modo de una pena anticipada la prisión preventiva

The role of teamwork and non-technical skills for improving emergency surgical outcomes: an international perspective

The assurance of patient safety in emergency general surgery remains challenging due to the patients' high-risk underlying conditions and the wide variability in emergency surgical care provided around the globe. The authors of this article convened as an expert panel on patient safety in surgery at the 8(th) International Conference of the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) in Edinburgh, Scotland, on September 7-10, 2021. This review article represents the proceedings from the expert panel discussions at the WSES congress and was designed to provide an international perspective on optimizing teamwork and non-technical skills in emergency general surgery

O sincretismo de culturas sob a ótica da arquitetura vernácula do imigrante japonês na cidade de Registro, São Paulo

O presente artigo aborda os métodos construtivos empregados pelos imigrantes japoneses que vieram, em 1918, para a cidade de Registro, na região do Vale do Ribeira do Iguape, no estado de São Paulo. A vinda dessa nova frente de imigração foi incentivada pelo Governo do Estado, com o propósito de promover o processo de colonização, bem como de estimular o desenvolvimento econômico do Vale do Ribeira do Iguape por meio da expansão da cultura do café para a região. As características dessa frente de imigração são muito diferenciadas em relação às demais, tendo em vista que os que dela faziam parte chegaram ao Brasil como proprietários de terras e com apoio financeiro e logístico oferecido por uma empresa particular japonesa, responsável por gerenciar o empreendimento. Esses imigrantes, portanto, contaram com auxílio de uma complexa infra-estrutura, cujo objetivo era viabilizar a sua missão de desenvolvimento da região. Mesmo tendo essa particularidade lhes proporcionado a liberdade de recriar sua cultura em solo brasileiro, a realidade do novo habitat forçou-os a reinterpretar seus hábitos culturais ante as novas circunstâncias físicas, econômicas e sociais encontradas. A fim de entender esse processo de adaptação, foi realizado um estudo dos métodos construtivos empregados em suas edificações, baseado nos conhecimentos desses imigrantes sobre sua arquitetura tradicional. Essa análise permitiu examinar o longo processo de sincretismo entre a cultura oriental e o conhecimento construtivo vernáculo dos habitantes do Vale do Ribeira do Iguape.The present article addresses the methods of construction employed by Japanese immigrants, who settled the city of Registro, in the region of the Ribeira valley of Iguape, located in the State of Sao Paulo, in the year of 1918. This settlement received incentives from the State Government of Sao Paulo, in order to promote the colonization of the Ribeira valley of Iguape, as well as to boost local economical development, by means of expanding the agricultural production of coffee to this region. The characteristics of this group of immigrants were notably different from others, due to fact that they arrived in Brazil already as landholders, sponsored financially and logistically by a Japanese private company, which was responsible for the management of this enterprise. These immigrants could count on a complex infrastructure, which aided them in their mission to advance the development of this region. Even though the particularities of this group of immigrants gave them a certain amount of freedom to recreate their own culture in Brazilian land, the reality of this new environment, its new physical, economical and social contingencies forced them to reinterpret their cultural traditions and customs. In order to understand this adaptation process, a study of the construction methods employed by this group of immigrants in their buildings was undertaken, based on their knowledge of traditional Japanese architecture. This study rendered possible the analysis of a long process of cultural syncretism between oriental culture and the vernacular architecture of the inhabitants of the Ribeira valley of Iguape

The EUTOS long-term survival (ELTS) score is superior to the Sokal score for predicting survival in chronic myeloid leukemia

Prognostic scores support clinicians in selecting risk-adjusted treatments and in comparatively assessing different results. For patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), four baseline prognostic scores are commonly used. Our aim was to compare the prognostic performance of the scores and to arrive at an evidence-based score recommendation. In 2949 patients not involved in any score development, higher hazard ratios and concordance indices in any comparison demonstrated the best discrimination of long-term survival with the ELTS score. In a second step, of 5154 patients analyzed to investigate risk group classification differences, 23% (n = 1197) were allocated to high-risk by the Sokal score. Of the 1197 Sokal high-risk patients, 56% were non-high-risk according to the ELTS score and had a significantly more favorable long-term survival prognosis than the 526 high-risk patients according to both scores. The Sokal score identified too many patients as high-risk and relatively few (40%) as low-risk (versus 60% with the ELTS score). Inappropriate risk classification jeopardizes optimal treatment selection. The ELTS score outperformed the Sokal score, the Euro, and the EUTOS score regarding risk group discrimination. The recent recommendation of the European LeukemiaNet for preferred use of the ELTS score was supported with significant statistical evidence.Peer reviewe