An Analytic Method for SS-Expansion involving Resonance and Reduction

In this paper we describe an analytic method able to give the multiplication table(s) of the set(s) involved in an $S$-expansion process (with either resonance or $0_S$-resonant-reduction) for reaching a target Lie (super)algebra from a starting one, after having properly chosen the partitions over subspaces of the considered (super)algebras. This analytic method gives us a simple set of expressions to find the partitions over the set(s) involved in the process. Then, we use the information coming from both the initial (super)algebra and the target one for reaching the multiplication table(s) of the mentioned set(s). Finally, we check associativity with an auxiliary computational algorithm, in order to understand whether the obtained set(s) can describe semigroup(s) or just abelian set(s) connecting two (super)algebras. We also give some interesting examples of application, which check and corroborate our analytic procedure and also generalize some result already presented in the literature.Comment: v3, 47 pages, misprints corrected in Fortschritte der Physik, Published online 7 November 201

Methodology of Building An Expert System Using Induction Rules with Structured Programming

This article aims to give an idea of how to develop expert systems to help society in all senses. The rules of induction used with MYCIN can help us in medicine, agricultura, and the financial system, implementing an inference engine with different rules so that in case there are no people, the expert system can diagnose in a clear and precise way, based on a knowledge base with some consequents and their corresponding antecedents, these artificial intelligence algorithms used will allow us to determine what type of consequence or conclusion it gives us, of the chaining of several antecedents with structured programming to give us its corresponding answer, then this research is aimed at obtaining an agile methodology for expert systems that will help us in the development and implementation of this type of systems.     Keywords: algorithms of artificial intelligence, knowledge base, artificial intelligence, inference machine, production rules, real-time systems, expert system

Methodology of Construction of an Algorithm for the Systemic Learning of First Semester Students of the TICs Subject

Algorithms have become the primary source to start programming. Particularly, making an algorithm from a given problem and converting it into a program is of great importance for analysts, technologists, and computer engineers, that is why this article aims to give a clear idea of how to develop an algorithm for any given problem. The objective of this work was to develop a methodology that is not so complex and that allows our students to perform the algorithm, pseudo-code, flow diagram and finally be able to carry out the program. The tests carried out show that the methodology used gives good results, achieving a significant improvement in the learning of students in the first semester of industrial engineering.   Keywords: algorithms, flow diagrams, program, programming, software engineerin

Zeolites synthesis using as a raw material the aluminium anodizing sludges

[EN] There were found, by atomic absorption and scanning electronic microscopy techniques, concentrations in between of 25,3% and 39,45% of aluminium respectively, in the anodized aluminium sludge on an industry that operates in Ecuador. Besides there were identified minor concentrations of Na, Mg, Ca and Si. Therefore the objective of the present research was to investigate, at the laboratory level, the feasibility of using these industrial residues as a source of precursors for the zeolites synthesis. The chemical composition of a fixed 20 g of sludge was adjusted by using a sodium hydroxide solutions in a varying concentrations of 0,5 M, 1,0 M, 1,5 M, 2,0 M, 2,5 M and 3,0 M in a mixture with hydrated Na2SiO3 in a constant amount added to the raw material. Molar ratio SiO2/Al2O was kept constant at 1,24 value, whereas the Na2O/Al2O3; Na2O/SiO2 and H2O/Na2O were varied as sodium hydroxide solutions changed in concentration. The processes of precursor's dilution, aging and zeolite crystallization were carried out a constant temperature of 100 degrees C for a 48 hours reaction time. By the X-ray diffraction technique, the synthesis of the Na-P1 GIS zeolite [Na-6(H2O)(12)][Si10Al6O32] was identified, with three types of mineralogy. Besides the zeolites ACP-1 and Sodalite Octahydrate were identified. The electronic images show a product with a well-defined morphology. The optimum conditions for the synthesis were the 1.5 M concentration of the caustic soda solution, and molar ratios of 1,24 SiO2/Al2O3; 0,61 Na2O/Al2O3; 2,02 SiO2/Na2O; 15,51 H2O/Na2O and 7,68 H2O/SiO2. At higher concentrations of the sodium hydroxide solution, the same zeolites were obtained, as evidenced by X-ray diffractograms, but the electronic images of the products show deformed crystals, possibly due to the excess of sodium hydroxide.[ES] Se encontró, por absorción atómica y escaneado electrónico de barrido concentraciones entre 25,3% y 39,45 % de aluminio, además de sodio, magnesio, calcio y silicio en los lodos de anodizado de aluminio de una industria que opera en Ecuador. Por lo tanto el objetivo del presente trabajo fue investigar a nivel de laboratorio, la posibilidad de utilizar estos residuos como fuente de precursores en la síntesis de zeolitas. Utilizando una solución de hidróxido de sodio en concentraciones 0,5M, 1,0 M, 1,5 M, 2,0 M, 2,5 M y 3,0 M en mezcla con Na2SiO3 hidratado, se ajustó la composición química de 20 g de muestra de lodo a una constante de relación molar SiO2/Al2O3 de 1,24 para todas las pruebas y variando las relaciones molares de Na2O/Al2O3; Na2O/SiO2 y H2O/ Na2O, conforme a la variación de la concentración de la solución de hidróxido de sodio. Se mantuvo constante la temperatura de fusión de precursores, envejecimiento y cristalización de la zeolita a 100°C y tiempo de reacción de 48 horas. Mediante la técnica de difracción de rayos X, se identificó la síntesis de la zeolita Na-P1 GIS , con tres tipos de mineralogía, además las zeolitas ACP-1 y Sodalita Octahidrato. Las imágenes electrónicas muestran un producto con una morfología bien definida. Las mejores condiciones del resultado fueron la concentración 1,5 M de la solución de sosa y relaciones molares 1,24 de SiO2/Al2O3; 0,61 de Na2O/Al2O3; 2,02 de SiO2/Na2O; 15,51, de H2O/ Na2O y 7,68 de H2O/ SiO2. A mayores concentraciones de sosa se obtienen las mismas zeolitas, como lo demuestran los difractogramas de rayos X, pero las imágenes electrónicas de los productos muestran cristales deformados, posiblemente por el exceso de sosa.Peñafiel-Villarreal, F.; Martínez-Máñez, R. (2019). Sintesis de Zeolitas utilizando como materia prima lodos de los procesos de anodizado de aluminio. Tecnología en Marcha. 32(3):12-23. https://doi.org/10.18845/tm.v32i3.4476S122332

Lean Manufacturing Production Method using the Change Management Approach to Reduce Backorders at SMEs in the Footwear Industry in Peru

This article proposes a production method that aims to increase the manufacturing capacity of a footwear small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) to reduce backorders. Therefore, an assessment is carried out and delays in production processes, excess product transport time, defective products, and inefficient work methods are identified. This article proposes designing a Lean manufacturing method using the change management approach, whose methodology is composed of six phases. In phase 0, change management is carried out; in phase 1, the company's current situation is reviewed using the Value Stream Mapping (VSM); in phase 2, the work area is reorganized (implementing SLP and 5S); in phase 3, production is balanced (implementing Line Balancing); in phase 4, continual improvement is established using the Kaizen tool; and finally, in phase 5, the results are evaluated. Through validation, it was possible to confirm that Lean manufacturing tools along with change management increased order deliveries by 82%

Load that maximizes power output in countermovement jump

Introduction: One of the main problems faced by strength and conditioning coaches is the issue of how to objectively quantify and monitor the actual training load undertaken by athletes in order to maximize performance. It is well known that performance of explosive sports activities is largely determined by mechanical power. Objective: This study analysed the height at which maximal power output is generated and the corresponding load with which is achieved in a group of male-trained track and field athletes in the test of countermovement jump (CMJ) with extra loads (CMJEL). Methods: Fifty national level male athletes in sprinting and jumping performed a CMJ test with increasing loads up to a height of 16 cm. The relative load that maximized the mechanical power output (Pmax) was determined using a force platform and lineal encoder synchronization and estimating the power by peak power, average power and flight time in CMJ. Results: The load at which the power output no longer existed was at a height of 19.9 ± 2.35, referring to a 99.1 ± 1% of the maximum power output. The load that maximizes power output in all cases has been the load with which an athlete jump a height of approximately 20 cm. Conclusion: These results highlight the importance of considering the height achieved in CMJ with extra load instead of power because maximum power is always attained with the same height. We advise for the preferential use of the height achieved in CMJEL test, since it seems to be a valid indicative of an individual's actual neuromuscular potential providing a valid information for coaches and trainers when assessing the performance status of our athletes and to quantify and monitor training loads, measuring only the height of the jump in the exercise of CMJEL.Actividad Física y Deport

Square-wave voltammetric determination of primaquine in urine using a multi-walled carbon nanotube modified electrode

The electrochemical process involving primaquine was studied at a glassy carbon (GC) electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). The GC/MWCNTs electrode promoted an intense oxidation peak for primaquine, improving signal when compared to the one observed using bare GC as electrode. Besides the increasing in active electrode area, the MWCNTs seemed to provide faster electron transfer. The linear analytical response for primaquine, in the concentration range from 0.1 to 5.0 μmol L−1, was achieved on a supporting electrolyte consisting of Britton-Robinson buffer (0.02 mol L−1; pH 7.00) and KCl (0.25 mol L−1). The quantitative assay using square-wave voltammetry was performed by successive additions of standard into the electrochemical cell, containing the sample, with instrumental limit of detection (LOD) of 7.3 μg L−1 (28 nmol L−1). A procedure involving liquid-liquid extraction and thin-layer chromatography provided selectivity and pre-concentration required for the determination of traces of primaquine in urine samples (LOD of the method of 146 ng L−1). Recoveries in urine samples were statistically similar to the one achieved by HPLC

Molecular phylogeny of atractus (Serpentes, dipsadidae), with emphasis on Ecuadorian species and the description of three new taxa

Volume: 661Start Page: 91End Page: 12