Méthode anthropo-sociologique introduisant le théâtre forum comme outil d'analyse d'une recherche scientifique pluridisciplinaire

Il s’agit dans cet article de proposer une méthode innovante introduisant le Théâtre Forum comme outil pour faire émerger les perceptions que les populations ont de l’environnement. Cette proposition s’appuie sur des travaux de recherche portant sur l’analyse des perceptions de la poussière et de son impact sur la santé à Ouagadougou au Burkina-Faso. Nous analyserons en quoi cette méthode peut trouver sa pertinence dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche pluridisciplinaire. Après une présentation de ce qu’est le Théâtre Forum, nous mettrons en évidence comment une méthodologie socio-anthropologique peut utiliser cet outil, tout en mettant en évidence les intérêts et les limites que nous illustrons par la thématique de la poussière et de ses perceptions par les Ouagalais.This article proposes an original socio-anthropological method. It presents a new tool, the Theatre Forum, as a complementary way for the accurate analysis of the population environment perception. The fundamental goals and ways of this very specific theatre are explained. The interests and limits of this original method, developed in a scientific approach, are illustrated in the specific context of the dust effects and health impact in Ouagadougou in Burkina-Faso. We present the pertinence of this method as a new anthropological and sociological approach and the large interest for the pluridisciplinary study

Heat transfer in a swirling fluidized bed with Geldart type-D particles

A relatively new variant in fluidized bed technology, designated as the swirling fluidized bed (SFB), was investigated for its heat transfer characteristics when operating with Geldart type D particles. Unlike conventional fluidized beds, the SFB imparts secondary swirling motion to the bed to enhance lateral mixing. Despite its excellent hydrodynamics, its heat transfer characteristics have not been reported in the published literature. Hence, two different sizes of spherical PVC particles (2.61mm and 3.65mm) with the presence of a center body in the bed have been studied at different velocities of the fluidizing gas. The wall-to-bed heat transfer coefficients were measured by affixing a thin constant foil heater on the bed wall. Thermocouples located at different heights on the foil show a decrease in the wall heat transfer coefficient with bed height. It was seen that only a discrete particle model which accounts for the conduction between the particle and the heat transfer surface and the gas-convective augmentation can adequately represent the mechanism of heat transfer in the swirling fluidized bed

A Roadmap for Using the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development in Support of Science, Policy, and Action

The health of the ocean, central to human well-being, has now reached a critical point. Most fish stocks are overexploited, climate change and increased dissolved carbon dioxide are changing ocean chemistry and disrupting species throughout food webs, and the fundamental capacity of the ocean to regulate the climate has been altered. However, key technical, organizational, and conceptual scientific barriers have prevented the identification of policy levers for sustainability and transformative action. Here, we recommend key strategies to address these challenges, including (1) stronger integration of sciences and (2) ocean-observing systems, (3) improved science-policy interfaces, (4) new partnerships supported by (5) a new ocean-climate finance system, and (6) improved ocean literacy and education to modify social norms and behaviors. Adopting these strategies could help establish ocean science as a key foundation of broader sustainability transformations

Myths, monsters and divine beings of the ocean.

Consultable en ligne : http://www.cnrs.fr/inee/communication/breves/docs/The_ocean_revealed_ENG.pdfInternational audienc

11. Pratiques de consommation domestique

A l’échelle mondiale, 70 % de l’eau douce est utilisée par l’irrigation agricole, 11 % par l’industrie et 14 % pour les usages domestiques. Au-delà de ces valeurs globales, cette répartition diffère selon les pays, compte tenu des contextes régionaux, du développement de chacun des secteurs d’activités et de leurs besoins en eau, ainsi que de la répartition spatiale des populations et de leurs pratiques. En 2011, en France métropolitaine, 28 milliards de m3 ont été prélevés pour satisfaire le..