Efecto de la temperatura durante el llenado de las semillas sobre la concentración de tocoferoles en un híbrido tradicional de girasol

The effect of night temperature during short periods in seed filling on oil tocopherol content and tocopherol/linoleic acid ratio was investigated in a traditional sunflower hybrid. Seeds were sown in the field at Balcarce on the 3rd and 22nd of November. In each experiment, treatments in which night temperature was increased at three consecutive periods of 200 °C day (base temperature: 6 °C) were applied.Tocopherol concentration was reduced when night temperature was increased early in seed filling. Such an increase could be attributed to a correlative increase in the daily average temperature, as no differences in tocopherol concentration were found when plants were cultivated in growth chambers under different day/night temperature but at the same daily average temperature. Temperature affected tocopherol concentration mainly by affecting the oil weight per seed.The tocopherol/linoleic acid ratio was not affected by temperature.Se investigó el efecto de la temperatura durante períodos cortos en el llenado de las semillas sobre la concentración de tocoferoles y la relación tocoferoles/ácido linoleico en un híbrido tradicional de girasol. Se realizó una siembra en campo en Balcarce el 3 y el 22 de noviembre. En cada experimento, se aplicaron tratamientos donde se incrementó la temperatura de la noche en tres períodos consecutivos de 200 °C día (temperatura base: 6 °C). La concentración de tocoferoles disminuyó cuando se incrementó la temperatura de la noche temprano durante el llenado de las semillas. Dicho aumento puede ser atribuido a aumentos en la temperatura media diaria ya que no se observaron diferencias en la concentración de tocoferoles cuando se cultivaron plantas en cámaras de crecimiento con distinta temperatura nocturna y la misma temperatura media diaria. La temperatura afectó la concentración de tocoferoles principalmente al afectar el peso de aceite por semilla. La relación tocoferoles/ ácido linoleico no fue afectada por la temperatura

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Percepción sobre el impacto ambiental de la producción agropecuaria de la región Pampeana Argentina

El sector agropecuario argentino es uno de los motores de la economía nacional. La Argentina produce alimentos para 400 millones de personas y es un participante clave en el mercado mundial de alimentos. En las últimas tres décadas el uso de los factores de producción se ha intensificado de tal modo que ha provocado un extraordinario incremento en la producción de cereales y oleaginosas. En términos económicos, el valor bruto de la producción aumentó aún más, debido a que en el período mencionado el incremento de la demanda mundial de commodities agrícolas provocó un aumento general en sus precios. Esta situación operó como un fuerte incentivo, tanto para intensificar la producción agropecuaria en la región pampeana argentina como para expandir áreas cultivadas en regiones extrapampeanas.EEA PergaminoFil: Cabrini, Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Economía; ArgentinaFil: Cristeche, Estela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Políticas, Económicas y Sociales. Instituto de Investigación Economía; ArgentinaFil: De Prada, Jorge Dante. Universidad Nacional de Río Curto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Dupleich, Jorge. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Paraná. Agencia de Extensión Rural de La Paz; ArgentinaFil: Engler, Patricia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Paraná; ArgentinaFil: Espósito, Marcela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Paraná; ArgentinaFil: Manchado, Juan Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Mathey, Daniela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Natinzon, Paula. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Schutz, Patricia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Comunicaciones; ArgentinaFil: Tello, Diego Sebastián. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Vicente, Guillermo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro Regional Entre Ríos; Argentin

Percepción sobre el impacto ambiental de la producción agropecuaria de la región pampeana argentina

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la forma en que diferentes actores sociales perciben los problemas ambientales asociados con la producción agropecuaria en la región pampeana argentina, así como sus opiniones y actitudes acerca de la resolución de la problemática. Para esto se analizan y comparan resultados de los grupos focales realizados en cuatro sitios: La Paz en el norte de Entre Ríos; Río Cuarto en el sur de Córdoba, Pergamino y Balcarce en el norte y sur de Buenos Aires (Cristeche et al., 2011; Natinzon y Manchado, 2011; Engler et al., 2012; Cabrini et al., 2012). Los cuatro estudios considerados se realizaron en el marco del proyecto de investigación “La valoración económica de bienes y servicios ambientales como aporte al ordenamiento de tierras y cuencas”.Instituto de EconomíaFil: Cabrini, Silvina María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Departamento de Economía; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Noroeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires (UNNOBA); ArgentinaFil: Cristeche, Estela Raquel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Economía; ArgentinaFil: De Prada, Jorge Dante. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria. Departamento de Economía Agraria; ArgentinaFil: Engler, Patricia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Paraná; ArgentinaFil: Esposito, Marcela Elsa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Paraná; ArgentinaFil: Manchado, Juan Carlos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Mathey, Marta Daniela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Natinzon, Paula Carina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Schutz, Patricia Elizabeth. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino; ArgentinaFil: Tello, Diego Sebastián. Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Departamento Humanístico y Formativo; ArgentinaFil: Vicente, Guillermo Ramón. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro Regional Entre Ríos; ArgentinaFil: Dupleich, Jorge Andres. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Paraná. Agencia de Extensión Rural La Paz; Argentin

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

Paediatric COVID-19 mortality: a database analysis of the impact of health resource disparity

Background The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on paediatric populations varied between high-income countries (HICs) versus low-income to middle-income countries (LMICs). We sought to investigate differences in paediatric clinical outcomes and identify factors contributing to disparity between countries.Methods The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 database was queried to include children under 19 years of age admitted to hospital from January 2020 to April 2021 with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. Univariate and multivariable analysis of contributing factors for mortality were assessed by country group (HICs vs LMICs) as defined by the World Bank criteria.Results A total of 12 860 children (3819 from 21 HICs and 9041 from 15 LMICs) participated in this study. Of these, 8961 were laboratory-confirmed and 3899 suspected COVID-19 cases. About 52% of LMICs children were black, and more than 40% were infants and adolescent. Overall in-hospital mortality rate (95% CI) was 3.3% [=(3.0% to 3.6%), higher in LMICs than HICs (4.0% (3.6% to 4.4%) and 1.7% (1.3% to 2.1%), respectively). There were significant differences between country income groups in intervention profile, with higher use of antibiotics, antivirals, corticosteroids, prone positioning, high flow nasal cannula, non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation in HICs. Out of the 439 mechanically ventilated children, mortality occurred in 106 (24.1%) subjects, which was higher in LMICs than HICs (89 (43.6%) vs 17 (7.2%) respectively). Pre-existing infectious comorbidities (tuberculosis and HIV) and some complications (bacterial pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome and myocarditis) were significantly higher in LMICs compared with HICs. On multivariable analysis, LMIC as country income group was associated with increased risk of mortality (adjusted HR 4.73 (3.16 to 7.10)).Conclusion Mortality and morbidities were higher in LMICs than HICs, and it may be attributable to differences in patient demographics, complications and access to supportive and treatment modalities