49 research outputs found

    Cost-effectiveness of adjuvant paclitaxel and trastuzumab for early-stage node-negative, HER2-positive breast cancer

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    Adjuvant paclitaxel and trastuzumab has been shown to be an effective regimen with low risk of cancer recurrence and treatment-related toxicities in early-stage node-negative, HER2-positive breast cancer. We investigated the cost-effectiveness of this regimen

    Effect of time to diagnostic testing for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening abnormalities on screening efficacy: A modeling study

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    Background: Patients who receive an abnormal cancer screening result require follow-up for diagnostic testing, but the time to follow-up varies across patients and practices. Methods: We used a simulation study to estimate the change in lifetime screening benefits when time to follow-up for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers was increased. Estimates were based on four independently developed microsimulation models that each simulated the life course of adults eligible for breast (women ages 50–74 years), cervical (women ages 21–65 years), or colorectal (adults ages 50–75 years) cancer screening. We assumed screening based on biennial mammography for breast cancer, triennial Papanicolaou testing for cervical cancer, and annual fecal immunochemical testing for colorectal cancer. For each cancer type, we simulated diagnostic testing immediately and at 3, 6, and 12 months after an abnormal screening exam. Results: We found declines in screening benefit with longer times to diagnostic testing, particularly for breast cancer screening. Compared to immediate diagnostic testing, testing at 3 months resulted in reduced screening benefit, with fewer undiscounted life years gained per 1,000 screened (breast: 17.3%, cervical: 0.8%, colorectal: 2.0% and 2.7%, from two colorectal cancer models), fewer cancers prevented (cervical: 1.4% fewer, colorectal: 0.5% and 1.7% fewer, respectively), and, for breast and colorectal cancer, a less favorable stage distribution. Conclusions: Longer times to diagnostic testing after an abnormal screening test can decrease screening effectiveness, but the impact varies substantially by cancer type. Impact: Understanding the impact of time to diagnostic testing on screening effectiveness can help inform quality improvement efforts. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(2); 158–64. 2017 AACR

    n-Hexadecane hydrocracking Single-Event MicroKinetics on Pt/H-beta

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    [EN] The Single-Event MicroKinetic (SEMK) model constructed for gas-phase hydroconversion of light n-alkanes on large-pore USY zeolites was applied, for the first time, to the hydrocracking of n-hexadecane on a Pt/H-Beta catalyst. Despite the 12-ringed pore channels, shape selectivity was observed in the formation of ethyl side chains. Additionally, heavy feed molecules such as n-hexadecane lead to physisorption saturation of the catalyst pores by strong Van der Waals interactions of the long alkyl chains with the zeolite framework. Intermolecular interactions and packing efficiencies in the pores induce deviations from typical Henry-regime physisorption characteristics as the physisorption selectivity, which is expected to increase with increasing carbon number, appeared to be independent of the latter. Micropore saturation effects were described by the 'size entropy' which quantifies the difference in standard entropy loss between physisorption in the Henry regime and hindered physisorption on a saturated surface. The size entropy is proportional to the catalyst loading with physisorbed species and the adsorbate carbon number. The addition of a size entropy term in the SEMK model, amounting to 102J mol(-1) K-1 for a hexadecane molecule at full saturation, allowed accurately reproducing the contribution of secondary isomerization and cracking reactions, as quantified by means of a contribution analysis. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.This work was funded by the European Research Institute of Catalysis and the European Community’s Sixth Framework Programme. This work was also supported by the Research Board of Ghent University (BOF), the Interuniversity Attraction Poles Programme–Belgian State–Belgian Science Policy and the Long Term Structural Methusalem Funding by the Flemish Government. Financial support by the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (CICYT) of Spain through the Project CTQ2010-17988/PPQ is also gratefully acknowledged.Vandegehuchte, BD.; Thybaut, JW.; Martinez Feliu, A.; Arribas Viana, MDLD.; Marin, GB. (2012). n-Hexadecane hydrocracking Single-Event MicroKinetics on Pt/H-beta. Applied Catalysis A General. 441:10-20. doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2012.06.054S102044

    Comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of next generation sequencing and microarray resequencing methods for detection of BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations

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    Objective: Breast cancer constitutes 29 % of estimated new cases of cancer in women, and it is also one of the major cause of death in all cancer types. In this study, DNA samples of familial breast cancer patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations which had been analyzed using conventional DNA sequencing method, were also analyzed with new methods including microarray and next generation sequencing (NGS) in order to compare their results Methods: Seven patients with BRCA1 mutation, one patient with BRCA2 mutation, and two controls were included. All samples for the microarray method were studied on the GeneChip 3000 Scanner (Affymetrix) system and then analyzed on the Affymetrix GeneChip Resequencing Analysis Software (GSEQ v4.0) system. Four patients from the patient group were selected for next generation sequencing and were analyzed on GS Junior 454 (Roche, Prague, Czech Republic) system. The raw data had been analysed by SeqPilot SeqNext module (v4.0, JSI medical systems, Kippenheim, Germany). Results: Microarray resequencing analysis did not detect the mutations defined by conventional sequencing in patients, but mutations were detected in all of the 4 patients in the next generation sequencing. Conclusion: Our study detected the NGS to be reliable as conventional DNA sequencing for studying BRCA1/BRCA2 gene mutations. However, we suggest to confirm the NGS results with a conventional method because of homopolymer sequences which may cause false positive results.Gazi UniversityPublisher's Versio

    A new method for analysis of whole exome sequencing data (SELIM) depending on variant prioritization

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    Background: After the first genome had been sequenced in 2003 with an international project, Human Genome Project, the 1000 Genomes Project also revealed the analysis of 1092 and 2504 genomes respectively. Whole exome sequencing of human samples was reported to detect approximately 20,000â30,000 SNV and indel calls on average. It is very important to choose the best tool that suits the related study. Methods: In this study, it is aimed to demonstrate the results of an in-house method (SELIM) for variant prioritization of WES data without using in-silico methods. Results: By this method, the annotated data have been decreased by 7.4â13.8 times (mean=10.9). Conclusion: By the initiation of 1.000.000 genome project, powerful databases are needed. In this respect, SELIM is an in-house workflow that can easily be used for simplifying the annotated data without using any in-silico methods. Keywords: Whole exome sequencing, Variant prioritization, Workflo

    Coenzyme q10 effectively prevents age-related hearing loss in c57bl/6 mice

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    Introduction: Presbycusis is characterized by gradual, progressive sensorineural hearing loss. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of coenzyme Q10 in the prevention and treatment of age-related hearing loss. Materials and Method: Thirty-two C57BL/6 mice were assigned into four groups as early treatment, late treatment, control and sham control. Treatment was started at three months of age in the early treatment group and at six months in the late treatment group. The auditory brainstem test was performed once every three months. At the end of the study period, the cochleae of the animals were harvested, and Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, iNOS, COX-2, NF-?B, Bax, and Bak levels were analyzed with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The hearing thresholds of the mice in the early treatment group were better than those of the other groups (p 0.05). The threshold shift in the early treatment group was significantly lower than the control groups (p < 0.001). The mRNA expression levels of proapoptotic genes Bax and Bak were lower (p < 0.05), antiapoptotic genes Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL were higher (p < 0.05), and the NF-?B, COX-2, and iNOS genes, which play a role in inflammation, were lower (p < 0.05) in the early treatment group. Conclusion: These results suggest that coenzyme Q10 effectively attenuates the presentation of age-related hearing loss, especially when started before the onset of hearing loss. © 2021, Geriatrics Society. All rights reserved

    A mosaic double aneuploidy: mos 45,X/47,XX,+18/46,XX with mild phenotype

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    51st Conference of the European-Society-of-Human-Genetics (ESHG) in conjunction with the European Meeting on Psychosocial Aspects of Genetics (EMPAG) -- JUN 16-19, 2018 -- Milan, ITALYWOS: 000489313107276…European Soc Human Gene

    Supplementary Material for: CFH Y402H and VEGF Polymorphisms and Anti-VEGF Treatment Response in Exudative Age-Related Macular Degeneration

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    <i>Purpose:</i> The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in complement factor H (CFH) Y402H and VEGF rs2146323 and rs699947 in exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and their relationship with intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment response. <i>Methods:</i> A total of 109 exudative AMD patients and 70 controls were included. Patients were classified as ‘good responders' and ‘nonresponders' based on the changes in best corrected visual acuity, central foveal thickness, lesion size, and the persistence of retinal hemorrhage after three dosages of anti-VEGF. We examined CFH, VEGF rs2146323 and rs699947 SNPs, and plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in both groups. <i>Results:</i> In total, 42 patients (38.5%) and 11 controls (15.7%) had homozygote wild genotype TT (p = 0.002). The variant C allele frequency was 45% in controls and 31.7% in patients (p = 0.011). A and C allele frequencies for VEGF rs699947 and rs2416323 were similar between the control and patient groups (p = 0.947, p = 0.378). Both SNPs were similar in responders and nonresponders. No significant difference was detected between plasma IL-6 levels of the control and AMD groups (p = 0.594), but the levels were higher in good responders than nonresponders (p < 0.001). <i>Conclusion:</i> CFH Y402H SNP might be protective for AMD in the Turkish population. VEGF rs2146323 and rs699947 SNPs have no relationship to exudative AMD formation, and none of these seem to have any effect on anti-VEGF response
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