“RESPONSABILIDAD PROFESIONAL EN EL EJERCICIO DE LA CIRUGÍA EN EL HOSPITAL DE CONCENTRACIÓN SATÉLITE DEL ISSEMYM”

La práctica de la Cirugía ha dado lugar a diversos problemas ̩técnicos que han exigido al Cirujano a desarrollar una elevada calidad moral. Para solucionar dichos conflictos ha sido necesario recurrir a códigos deontológicos, los cuales a través del tiempo han sufrido modificaciones, y que gracias a esto ha sido posible desarrollar una práctica quirúrgica en función de dos componentes: el técnico relativo a las acciones y a los hechos, y el moral, referente a los valores

Toenail zinc as a biomarker: Relationship with sources of environmental exposure and with genetic variability in MCC-Spain study

Background: Toenails are commonly used as biomarkers of exposure to zinc (Zn), but there is scarce information about their relationship with sources of exposure to Zn. Objectives: To investigate the main determinants of toenail Zn, including selected sources of environmental exposure to Zn and individual genetic variability in Zn metabolism. Methods: We determined toenail Zn by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 3,448 general population controls from the MultiCase-Control study MCC-Spain. We assessed dietary and supplement Zn intake using food frequency questionnaires, residential proximity to Zn-emitting industries and residential topsoil Zn levels through interpolation methods. We constructed a polygenic score of genetic variability based on 81 single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes involved in Zn metabolism. Geometric mean ratios of toenail Zn across categories of each determinant were estimated from multivariate linear regression models on log-transformed toenail Zn. Results: Geometric mean toenail Zn was 104.1 μg/g in men and 100.3 μg/g in women. Geometric mean toenail Zn levels were 7 % lower (95 % confidence interval 1–13 %) in men older than 69 years and those in the upper tertile of fibre intake, and 9 % higher (3–16 %) in smoking men. Women residing within 3 km from Zn-emitting industries had 4 % higher geometric mean toenail Zn levels (0–9 %). Dietary Zn intake and polygenic score were unrelated to toenail Zn. Overall, the available determinants only explained 9.3 % of toenail Zn variability in men and 4.8 % in women. Discussion: Sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, diet, and environmental exposure explained little of the individual variability of toenail Zn in the study population. The available genetic variants related to Zn metabolism were not associated with toenail Zn.Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIConsortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)FEDER funds-a way to build Europe PI08/1770 PI09/0773 PI12/00715 PI09/1903 PI09/2078 PI09/1662 PI11/01403 PI12/00150 PI12/00488 PI15/00914 PI17CIII_00034Fundacion Marques de Valdecilla grant API 10/09Junta de Andalucia 2009-S0143Conselleria de Sanitat of the Generalitat Valenciana AP061/10Regional Government of the Basque CountryPrincipality of AsturiasUniversity of OviedoSpanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness Juan de la Cierva de Incorporacion IJCI-2014-20900 Instituto de Salud Carlos II

Design of a test bench for measuring friction force in a piston-cylinder system

In the present work, design of a first approach of a test bench prototype for measuring friction in a piston-cylinder system is presented. The bench consists of a motor, belt and pulley transmission, crank mechanism, a piston, a cylinder and a lubrication system. Friction will be determined by means of strain gages placed on the connecting rod of the mechanism. The bench also includes a phonic wheel for acquiring angular speed and angular position signals of the crank. In future research, friction will be studied for different surface finishes obtained by means of honing and plateau honing. Honing processes provide a crosshatch pattern that holds oil and helps lubrication of piston and rings. Honing conditions will be selected with the goal of minimizing friction. Friction is directly related to energy consumption of an engine and, thus, to its environmental impact. Keywords: test bench, friction, piston-cylinder system, honing, roughness.Postprint (published version

Class Distribution Estimation in Imprecise Domains Based on Supervised Learning

cap. 9- pp. 187-202a cuantificación -o estimación de proporciones- desempeña un papel importante en muchos problemas prácticos de clasificación. Por un lado, una máquina que clasifica automáticamente un elemento en un grupo de clases predefinidas, tomará decisiones subóptimas, si la distribución de clases en el dominio de prueba (real) difiere de la que se asume en el aprendizaje. La estimación de la nueva distribución de clases es necesaria para adaptar el clasificador a las nuevas condiciones operativas. Por otro lado, hay algunos dominios reales donde la propia tarea de cuantificación es el objetivo principal. Algunos campos, como el control de calidad, el marketing directo, el estudio de tendencias o algunas tareas de reconocimiento textual, requieren métodos que puedan estimar de forma fiable, la proporción de elementos dentro de cada categoría, sin ninguna preocupación acerca de cómo cada elemento ha sido clasificado individualmente. Describimos varias técnicas de cuantificación que se basan en el aprendizaje supervisado y proporcionan estas estimaciones basadas en: a) la matriz de confusión del clasificador, b) las estimaciones de probabilidad posteriores y c) las medidas de divergencia distribucional. Ilustramos estas técnicas, así como su robustez contra el rendimiento del clasificador base, en un entorno práctico de control de calidad seminal donde el objetivo final es cuantificar la proporción de espermatozoides con acrosoma dañado/intacto

A comparative note on the relaxation algorithms for the linear semi-infinite feasibility problem

The problem (LFP) of finding a feasible solution to a given linear semi-infinite system arises in different contexts. This paper provides an empirical comparative study of relaxation algorithms for (LFP). In this study we consider, together with the classical algorithm, implemented with different values of the fixed parameter (the step size), a new relaxation algorithm with random parameter which outperforms the classical one in most test problems whatever fixed parameter is taken. This new algorithm converges geometrically to a feasible solution under mild conditions. The relaxation algorithms under comparison have been implemented using the extended cutting angle method for solving the global optimization subproblems.This research was partially supported by MICINN of Spain, Grant MTM2014-59179-C2-1-P and Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, Mexico

Colombian Television in the 1980s

This article examines the claims that the unique public-private television system of the 1980s provided space for the development of a national sense of community-based on common narratives and decentralization. The sources for the analysis included a revision of its contemporary discussion in printed media coupled with an analysis of TV shows currently available on streaming services and interviews with relevant figures of the time. The television content shot on location was praised for representing the nation, while simultaneously giving rise to debates about decentralization, which was finally addressed by the creation of regional broadcasters. The hybrid system fostered diversity, production quality, and a national representation that was strongly contested from the regions. At the same time, the system unintendedly hampered the creation of an audiovisual archive, and complaints about its tender systems resonate with the plight of contemporary public service broadcasting in Colombia

Application of textural descriptors for the evaluation of surface roughness class in the machining of metals

La medición de la rugosidad superficial ha sido una cuestión de especial interés en la investigación de mecanizado de metales durante los últimos cincuenta años. El acabado superficial se puede evaluar mediante algunos parámetros de rugosidad definidos en las normas internacionales. Estas normas están orientadas a dispositivos de medición táctiles que proporcionan registros bidimensionales del perfil de la pieza. Sin embargo, en la última década, la mejora de la visión computarizada y la óptica ha animado a muchos grupos a investigar en la aplicación de estas tecnologías. La evaluación de rugosidad de la superficie no es una excepción. La ventaja de la visión por ordenador en esta área es la caracterización de amplias áreas de superficie proporcionando más información (información 3D). En este contexto, este documento propone un método basado en la visión por ordenador para evaluar la calidad superficial delas piezas mecanizadas. El método consiste en el análisis de imágenes de acabado superficial de piezas mecanizadas mediante cinco vectores de características basados en momentos: Hu, Flusser, Taubin, Zernike y Legendre. Atendiendo a estos descriptores las imágenes se clasificaron en dos clases: baja rugosidad y alta rugosidad, utilizando el algoritmo del vecino k-nn y las redes neuronales. Los momentos utilizados como descriptores en este artículo muestran un comportamiento diferente con respecto a la identificación del acabado superficial, concluyendo que los descriptores Zernike y Legendre proporcionan el mejor rendimiento. Se logró una tasa de error del 6,5% utilizando descriptores Zernike con clasificación k-nn

A survey on methods, datasets and implementations for scene text spotting

[EN] Text Spotting is the union of the tasks of detection and transcription of the text that is present in images. Due to the various problems often found when retrieving text, such as orientation, aspect ratio, vertical text or multiple languages in the same image, this can be a challenging task. In this paper, the most recent methods and publications in this field are analysed and compared. Apart from presenting features already seen in other surveys, such as their architectures and performance on different datasets, novel perspectives for comparison are also included, such as the hardware, software, backbone architectures, main problems to solve, or programming languages of the algorithms. The review highlights information often omitted in other studies, providing a better understanding of the current state of research in Text Spotting, from 2016 to 2022, current problems and future trends, as well as establishing a baseline for future methods development, comparison of results and serving as guideline for choosing the most appropriate method to solve a particular problemSIInstituto Nacional de CiberseguridadThis work was supported by the grant “Ayudas para la realización de estudios de doctorado en el marco del programa propio de investigación de la Universidad de León Convocatoria 2018” and also by the framework agreements between the Universidad de León and INCIBE (Spanish National Cybersecurity Institute) under Addendum 22 and Addendum 01. The authors acknowledge the support of NVIDIA Corporation with the donation of the Titan XP GPU used for this research

Effect of passage through the plant on virulence and endophytic behavioural adaptation in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana

Systemic crop protection using endophytic isolates of entomopathogenic fungi is at the forefront of IPM. Nonetheless, any potential trade-offs between virulence and endophytic behaviour must be elucidated if they are to be effectively used in pest management strategies. Here we investigated endophytic adaptation in an isolate of Beauveria bassiana following successive passage through melon, tomato and cotton tissues. Plants were sprayed with a suspension of B. bassiana endophytic isolate EABb 04/01-Tip to initiate endophytic colonization. Once colonization was established, the fungus was re-isolated from the plant, applied to another plant and re-isolated again; this was repeated to achieve three passages. After each passage, a conidial suspension of each isolate was used in bioassays to evaluate both virulence against 4th instar larvae of the model insect Galleria mellonella and to quantify the extent of endophytic activity in each respective host plant species. When sprayed leaves were inspected for fungal colonization, differences in percentage tissue colonization amongst the plant species were detected after the first re-isolation. Endophytic colonization rates in melon and tomato, which varied from 70 to 100%, were higher than those observed in cotton, which ranged from 40 to 50%; endophytic colonization in cotton increased to 75–100% after the third passage. This improvement in endophytic behaviour in cotton, an apparently suboptimal plant for fungal colonization, suggests an evolutionary adaptation to localized or transient endophytic colonization, while further assays are needed. Meanwhile, when endophytic colonization of non-sprayed leaves distant from the sprayed ones was investigated, endophytic activity was evident in all three crop species suggesting that movement within plants after successive passage increased the extent of endophytic colonization from transient to systemic. The present research highlights the potential for adaptation to endophytic behaviour in crops that are less suitable for endophytic colonization. Furthermore, we demonstrated stability in virulence after multiple passages through host plants. This is a key result for the development of IPM strategies based on endophytic entomopathogenic fungi