Strategic planning and the institutional budget in the district municipality of Morales, 2021

El trabajo de investigación bibliográfica titulada “Planificación Estratégica y el Presupuesto Institucional en la Municipalidad Distrital de Morales, 2021, responde a un diseño descriptivo, empleando la técnica de la revisión bibliográfica, y como métodos el explicativo y deductivo, teniendo como escenario de análisis la Municipalidad Distrital de Morales, provincia y región San Martín, Perú; donde los resultados son presentados de forma descriptiva empleando una matriz de registro. Se concluye que Los procesos de planificación a nivel municipal durante los últimos años ha tenido un fuerte involucramiento de la ciudadanía, plasmando el enfoque de desarrollo que quieren para el ámbito jurisdiccional donde radican, sin embargo, este esfuerzo muchas veces termina siendo echado a la borda por decisiones e injerencias de orden político y no respecto a los acuerdos tomados. La incorporación del enfoque de resultados en el presupuesto institucional de las municipalidades ha permitido mejorar la asignación de recursos, alineados a principios como el cierre de brechas o el cumplimiento de una meta asociada a un programa presupuestal, aun cuando todavía queda un largo camino por recorrer para llegar a estándares adecuados.The bibliographic research work entitled "Management Strategy" Closing Gaps "to improve the Strategic Planning and Institutional Budget of the District Municipality of Morales, 2020", responds to a descriptive design, using the technique of bibliographic review, and as the explanatory and deductive methods, taking as the scenario of analysis the District Municipality of Morales, San Martín province and region, Peru; where the results are presented in a descriptive way using a registration matrix. It is concluded that the planning processes at the municipal level in recent years have had a strong involvement of citizens, shaping the development approach they want for the jurisdictional area where they reside, however this effort often ends up being jettisoned by decisions and interference of a political nature and not respecting the agreements made. The incorporation of the results approach in the institutional budget of the municipalities has made it possible to improve the allocation of resources, aligned with principles such as closing gaps or meeting a goal associated with a budget program, even though there is still a long way to go. to reach adequate standard

Relaciones interpersonales y rendimiento académico de estudiantes de quinto y sexto grado de primaria

This research was carried out in order to analyze the influence of interpersonal relationships on the academic performance of fifth and sixth grade students of the primary level of the IEP "Inmaculada Virgen de la Puerta" – Trujillo District: 2019. The type of applied research has been considered, based on an explanatory design, and the sample made up of 75 children, with whom we worked applying the methods and techniques of quantitative (survey) and qualitative (observation and interview) research. With the results obtained, it can be determined that these children have poor relationships between classmates and with teachers, a situation that affects academic performance. This shows that groups are increasingly heterogeneous and it is essential to promote positive attitudes in students to welcome this diversity as a source of enrichment and thus improve school performance. Finally, we recommend developing educational practices that promote cooperative learning and the inclusion of these students in their work groups, develop social skills, emotional intelligence, intercultural education, positive attitudes and develop in students the ability to establish good interpersonal relationships between peers.La presente investigación se realizó con la finalidad de analizar la influencia de las relaciones interpersonales en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de quinto y sexto grado del nivel primario de la IEP “Inmaculada Virgen de la Puerta” – Distrito de Trujillo: 2019. Se ha considerado el tipo de investigación aplicada, teniendo como base un diseño explicativo, la muestra constó de 75 niños, con los cuales se trabajó aplicando los métodos y técnicas de la investigación cuantitativa (encuesta) y cualitativa (observación y entrevista). Con los resultados obtenidos se puede determinar que los niños presentan deficientes relaciones entre compañeros de clase y con los docentes, situación que afecta el rendimiento académico. Esto pone de manifiesto que los grupos sean cada vez más heterogéneos y es fundamental promover actitudes positivas en el alumnado para acoger dicha diversidad como una fuente de enriquecimiento y así mejorar el rendimiento escolar. Finalmente, recomendamos desarrollar prácticas educativas que promuevan el aprendizaje cooperativo y la inclusión de estos alumnos en sus grupos de trabajo, desarrollar habilidades sociales, la inteligencia emocional, educación intercultural, actitudes positivas y desarrollar en los estudiantes la capacidad de establecer buenas relaciones interpersonales entre pares

Gestión por procesos y los indicadores de desempeño en la entidad pública distrital de Bambas, 2022

The study presented as a general objective of this study is to determine the relationship between process management and indicators in the performance of its district municipality of Bambas, 2022, for which it was based on the basic type, with a quantitative approach, to present numerical results. , with non-experimental design - Correlational and cross-sectional scope, working with a population of 20 workers and the sample was made up of the same amount, selected in a non-probabilistic way at the discretion of the researcher, applying the survey as a technique and the questionnaire as an instrument, carrying out validation by 3 experts and reliability by Cronbach's Alpha method, obtaining a value of 0.896 for the process management questionnaire and 0.880 for the performance indicators questionnaire, reaching the conclusion: Significant relationship was determined ( Rho = 0.940) between process management and indicators in the performance of its district municipality l de Bambas, 2022, showing that the actions carried out in process management are beneficial for it to be achieved in compliance with the performance indicators. Being demonstrated the general hypothesis of the studyEl estudio presento como objetivo general del presente estudio es determinar la relación entre la gestión de procesos y los indicadores en el desempeño de su municipalidad distrital de Bambas, 2022, para ello se basó en el tipo basica, con enfoque cuantitativo, por presentar resultados numéricos, con diseño no experimental – Correlacional y alcance transversal, trabajando con una población de 20 trabajadores y la muestra se conformó por la misma cantidad, seleccionada de manera no probabilística a criterio del investigador, aplicando como técnica la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario, realizando la validación por 3 expertos y la confiabilidad por el método de Alfa de Cronbach, obteniendo un valor de 0.896 para el cuestionario de la gestión por procesos y de 0.880 para el cuestionario de indicadores de desempeño, llegando a la conclusión: Se determinó relación significativa (Rho = 0.940) entre la gestión de procesos y los indicadores en el desempeño de su municipalidad distrital de Bambas, 2022, mostrando que las acciones que se realicen en la gestión por procesos son beneficiosas para que se logre en cumplimiento de los indicadores de desempeño. Quedando demostrada la hipótesis general del estudio

High Energy Neutrinos from Quasars

We review and clarify the assumptions of our basic model for neutrino production in the cores of quasars, as well as those modifications to the model subsequently made by other workers. We also present a revised estimate of the neutrino background flux and spectrum obtained using more recent empirical studies of quasars and their evolution. We compare our results with other thoeretical calculations and experimental upper limits on the AGN neutrino background flux. We also estimate possible neutrino fluxes from the jets of blazars detected recently by the EGRET experiment on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. We discuss the theoretical implications of these estimates.Comment: 14 pg., ps file (includes figures), To be published in Space Science Review

Formation of Supermassive Black Holes

Evidence shows that massive black holes reside in most local galaxies. Studies have also established a number of relations between the MBH mass and properties of the host galaxy such as bulge mass and velocity dispersion. These results suggest that central MBHs, while much less massive than the host (~ 0.1%), are linked to the evolution of galactic structure. In hierarchical cosmologies, a single big galaxy today can be traced back to the stage when it was split up in hundreds of smaller components. Did MBH seeds form with the same efficiency in small proto-galaxies, or did their formation had to await the buildup of substantial galaxies with deeper potential wells? I briefly review here some of the physical processes that are conducive to the evolution of the massive black hole population. I will discuss black hole formation processes for `seed' black holes that are likely to place at early cosmic epochs, and possible observational tests of these scenarios.Comment: To appear in The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review. The final publication is available at http://www.springerlink.co

Leptin Resistance in Vagal Afferent Neurons Inhibits Cholecystokinin Signaling and Satiation in Diet Induced Obese Rats

Background and Aims: The gastrointestinal hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) plays an important role in regulating meal size and duration by activating CCK1 receptors on vagal afferent neurons (VAN). Leptin enhances CCK signaling in VAN via an early growth response 1 (EGR1) dependent pathway thereby increasing their sensitivity to CCK. In response to a chronic ingestion of a high fat diet, VAN develop leptin resistance and the satiating effects of CCK are reduced. We tested the hypothesis that leptin resistance in VAN is responsible for reducing CCK signaling and satiation. Results: Lean Zucker rats sensitive to leptin signaling, significantly reduced their food intake following administration of CCK8S (0.22 nmol/kg, i.p.), while obese Zucker rats, insensitive to leptin, did not. CCK signaling in VAN of obese Zucker rats was reduced, preventing CCK-induced up-regulation of Y2 receptor and down-regulation of melanin concentrating hormone 1 receptor (MCH1R) and cannabinoid receptor (CB1). In VAN from diet-induced obese (DIO) Sprague Dawley rats, previously shown to become leptin resistant, we demonstrated that the reduction in EGR1 expression resulted in decreased sensitivity of VAN to CCK and reduced CCK-induced inhibition of food intake. The lowered sensitivity of VAN to CCK in DIO rats resulted in a decrease in Y2 expression and increased CB1 and MCH1R expression. These effects coincided with the onset of hyperphagia in DIO rats. Conclusions: Leptin signaling in VAN is required for appropriate CCK signaling and satiation. In response to high fat feeding

Country indicators moderating the relationship between phubbing and psychological distress: A study in 20 countries

© 2021 The Authors. Published by Frontiers Media. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.588174Problematic mobile phone use can be related to negative mental states. Some studies indicate that behavioural dependency is related to variables associated with the country of origin. The aim of our study was to investigate if country indicators moderated the relationship between phubbing and psychological distress. Our sample consisted of 7,315 individuals from 20 countries, who completed the Phubbing Scale and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). The analyses also included country indicators: the Gender Gap Index (GGI), the Human Development Index (HDI), the Social Progress Index (SPI), Hofstede’s dimensions of culture, and the World Happiness Index (WHI). Our results showed that psychological distress was related to at least one dimension of phubbing (i.e., to communication disturbance or phone obsession) in all countries, which means this relationship is culturally universal. The results of the study demonstrate the importance of testing measurement invariance to determine what type of analysis and what type of conclusion are valid in a given study or comparison. Moreover, the increasing or decreasing correlation between phubbing and distress is related to some culture-level indices.This study was financed by the National Science Centre, Poland, grant no. NCN UMO-2017/26/M/HS6/00779. In Brazil, the data collection was partly funded by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) under the grant number 424802/2016-3.Published onlin

Production of dust by massive stars at high redshift

The large amounts of dust detected in sub-millimeter galaxies and quasars at high redshift pose a challenge to galaxy formation models and theories of cosmic dust formation. At z > 6 only stars of relatively high mass (> 3 Msun) are sufficiently short-lived to be potential stellar sources of dust. This review is devoted to identifying and quantifying the most important stellar channels of rapid dust formation. We ascertain the dust production efficiency of stars in the mass range 3-40 Msun using both observed and theoretical dust yields of evolved massive stars and supernovae (SNe) and provide analytical expressions for the dust production efficiencies in various scenarios. We also address the strong sensitivity of the total dust productivity to the initial mass function. From simple considerations, we find that, in the early Universe, high-mass (> 3 Msun) asymptotic giant branch stars can only be dominant dust producers if SNe generate <~ 3 x 10^-3 Msun of dust whereas SNe prevail if they are more efficient. We address the challenges in inferring dust masses and star-formation rates from observations of high-redshift galaxies. We conclude that significant SN dust production at high redshift is likely required to reproduce current dust mass estimates, possibly coupled with rapid dust grain growth in the interstellar medium.Comment: 72 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables; to be published in The Astronomy and Astrophysics Revie

A direct localization of a fast radio burst and its host

Fast radio bursts are astronomical radio flashes of unknown physical nature with durations of milliseconds. Their dispersive arrival times suggest an extragalactic origin and imply radio luminosities orders of magnitude larger than any other kind of known short-duration radio transient. Thus far, all FRBs have been detected with large single-dish telescopes with arcminute localizations, and attempts to identify their counterparts (source or host galaxy) have relied on contemporaneous variability of field sources or the presence of peculiar field stars or galaxies. These attempts have not resulted in an unambiguous association with a host or multi-wavelength counterpart. Here we report the sub-arcsecond localization of FRB 121102, the only known repeating burst source, using high-time-resolution radio interferometric observations that directly image the bursts themselves. Our precise localization reveals that FRB 121102 originates within 100 mas of a faint 180 uJy persistent radio source with a continuum spectrum that is consistent with non-thermal emission, and a faint (25th magnitude) optical counterpart. The flux density of the persistent radio source varies by tens of percent on day timescales, and very long baseline radio interferometry yields an angular size less than 1.7 mas. Our observations are inconsistent with the fast radio burst having a Galactic origin or its source being located within a prominent star-forming galaxy. Instead, the source appears to be co-located with a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus or a previously unknown type of extragalactic source. [Truncated] If other fast radio bursts have similarly faint radio and optical counterparts, our findings imply that direct sub-arcsecond localizations of FRBs may be the only way to provide reliable associations.Comment: Nature, published online on 4 Jan 2017, DOI: 10.1038/nature2079

Megamaser dics-rings in active galactic nuclei

We present results from fitting of water-vapor megamaser emission from NGC 4258 and NGC 1068. Using the radiative transfer, velocity, and coordinate equations, we derive parameters of the maser disc-rings