175 research outputs found
Digestibility in selected rainbow trout families and modelling of growth from the specific intake of digestible protein
The experiments aimed to clarify variations in digestibility of dietary nutrients in rainbow trout. Furthermore, the objective was to study how differences in digestibility might be related to growth and feed utilisation at various growth rates. When comparing the results from the experiments it appeared that particularly protein digestibility was closely related to specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio at high growth rates. As a tool to visualise the relationship between protein digestibility and growth of rainbow trout a growth model was developed based on the specific intake of digestible protein, and general assumptions on protein content and protein retention efficiency in rainbow trout. The model indicated that increased protein digestibility only partly explained growth increase and that additional factors were important for growth increment
Galactic Evolution along the Hubble Sequence
A generalization of the multiphase chemical evolution model applied to a wide
set of theoretical galaxies is shown. This set of models has been computed by
using the so-called Universal Rotation Curve from Persic, Salucci & Steel to
calculate the radial mass distributions of each theoretical galaxy. By assuming
that the molecular cloud and star formation efficiencies depend on the
morphological type of each galaxy, we construct a bi-parametric grid of models
whose results are valid in principle for any spiral galaxy, of given maximum
rotation velocity or total mass, and morphological type.Comment: Proceedings of the Euroconference "The Evolution of Galaxies. III..."
(Kiel 2002
Evidence for Intrinsic Redshifts in Normal Spiral Galaxies
The Tully-Fisher Relationship (TFR) is utilized to identify anomalous
redshifts in normal spiral galaxies. Three redshift anomalies are identified in
this analysis: (1) Several clusters of galaxies are examined in which late type
spirals have significant excess redshifts relative to early type spirals in the
same clusters, (2) Galaxies of morphology similar to ScI galaxies are found to
have a systematic excess redshift relative to the redshifts expected if the
Hubble Constant is 72 km s-1 Mpc-1, (3) individual galaxies, pairs, and groups
are identified which strongly deviate from the predictions of a smooth Hubble
flow. These redshift deviations are significantly larger than can be explained
by peculiar motions and TFR errors. It is concluded that the redshift anomalies
identified in this analysis are consistent with previous claims for large
non-cosmological (intrinsic) redshifts.Comment: Accepted for publication at Astrophysics&Space Science. 36 pages
including 8 tables and 7 figure
An Aromatic Inventory of the Local Volume
Using infrared photometry from the Spitzer Space Telescope, we perform the
first inventory of aromatic feature emission (AFE, but also commonly referred
to as PAH emission) for a statistically complete sample of star-forming
galaxies in the local volume. The photometric methodology involved is
calibrated and demonstrated to recover the aromatic fraction of the IRAC 8
micron flux with a standard deviation of 6% for a training set of 40 SINGS
galaxies (ranging from stellar to dust dominated) with both suitable
mid-infrared Spitzer IRS spectra and equivalent photometry. A potential factor
of two improvement could be realized with suitable 5.5 and 10 micron
photometry, such as what may be provided in the future by JWST. The resulting
technique is then applied to mid-infrared photometry for the 258 galaxies from
the Local Volume Legacy (LVL) survey, a large sample dominated in number by
low-luminosity dwarf galaxies for which obtaining comparable mid-infrared
spectroscopy is not feasible. We find the total LVL luminosity due to five
strong aromatic features in the 8 micron complex to be 2.47E10 solar
luminosities with a mean volume density of 8.8E6 solar luminosities per cubic
Megaparsec. Twenty-four of the LVL galaxies, corresponding to a luminosity cut
at M = -18.22 in the B band, account for 90% of the aromatic luminosity. Using
oxygen abundances compiled from the literature for 129 of the 258 LVL galaxies,
we find a correlation between metallicity and the aromatic to total infrared
emission ratio but not the aromatic to total 8 micron dust emission ratio. A
possible explanation is that metallicity plays a role in the abundance of
aromatic molecules relative to the total dust content, but other factors such
as star formation and/or the local radiation field affect the excitation of
those molecules.Comment: ApJ in press; 29 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables; emulateapj forma
Seasonal and spatial variability in condition of age-0+ Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi Marini, 1933, in the San Jorge Gulf (Argentina): A bottom-up perspective
In the north Patagonian region of the Argentinean Continental Shelf, the San Jorge Gulf (SJG; 45°â47°S, 65°30Êčâ67°30ÊčW) is the main nursery ground of ageâ0+ Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi Marini, 1933, one of the most important fishery resources in Argentina. The gulf exhibits strong seasonal and spatial fluctuations in environmental features, which might affect survival of ageâ0+ individuals and recruitment to the adult population. Our main goal was to evaluate the seasonal and spatial dynamics of their nutritional status within the SJG in winter 2016, spring 2016 and summer 2017. Condition indices (relative condition factor Kn, hepatosomatic index HSI and liver lipid content %L) and diet information (feeding incidence and relative importance of prey) were combined with physical (temperature and salinity) and biological (satellite chlorophyllâa concentration; chlâa) data. Ageâ0+ condition indices and prey intake showed significant seasonal variations, with minimum values in winter, intermediate in summer and maximum in spring, strongly coupled to the mean chlâa concentration in each season. Herbivorous euphausiids Euphausia spp. were the preferred prey along the study period. A bottomâup effect on condition of ageâ0+ hake is suggested, manifested as lower condition values in winter, the less productive season. Spatially, better conditioned individuals matched sectors of the gulf where chlâa concentrations were higher, coupled to the presence of frontal systems. Monitoring ageâ0+ hake nutritional status is relevant in the current global change scenario, which might modify phytoplankton biomass and composition and, consequently, the herbivorous zooplankton abundances.Fil: Temperoni, Brenda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de InvestigaciĂłn y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Massa, Agueda Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Subsede Instituto Nacional de InvestigaciĂłn y Desarrollo Pesquero; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; ArgentinaFil: Martos, Patricia. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Marinas; ArgentinaFil: Marrari, Marina. Ministerio de Defensa. Armada Argentina. Servicio de HidrografĂa Naval. Departamento OceanografĂa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentin
Massive stars exploding in a He-rich circumstellar medium. I. Type Ibn (SN 2006jc-like) events
We present new spectroscopic and photometric data of the type Ibn supernovae
2006jc, 2000er and 2002ao. We discuss the general properties of this recently
proposed supernova family, which also includes SN 1999cq. The early-time
monitoring of SN 2000er traces the evolution of this class of objects during
the first few days after the shock breakout. An overall similarity in the
photometric and spectroscopic evolution is found among the members of this
group, which would be unexpected if the energy in these core-collapse events
was dominated by the interaction between supernova ejecta and circumstellar
medium. Type Ibn supernovae appear to be rather normal type Ib/c supernova
explosions which occur within a He-rich circumstellar environment. SNe Ibn are
therefore likely produced by the explosion of Wolf-Rayet progenitors still
embedded in the He-rich material lost by the star in recent mass-loss episodes,
which resemble known luminous blue variable eruptions. The evolved Wolf-Rayet
star could either result from the evolution of a very massive star or be the
more evolved member of a massive binary system. We also suggest that there are
a number of arguments in favour of a type Ibn classification for the historical
SN 1885A (S-Andromedae), previously considered as an anomalous type Ia event
with some resemblance to SN 1991bg.Comment: 17 pages including 12 figures and 4 tables. Slightly revised version,
conclusions unchanged, 1 figure added. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Cancer health disparities in racial/ethnic minorities in the United States
There are well-established disparities in cancer incidence and outcomes by race/ethnicity that result from the interplay between structural, socioeconomic, socio-environmental, behavioural and biological factors. However, large research studies designed to investigate factors contributing to cancer aetiology and progression have mainly focused on populations of European origin. The limitations in clinicopathological and genetic data, as well as the reduced availability of biospecimens from diverse populations, contribute to the knowledge gap and have the potential to widen cancer health disparities. In this review, we summarise reported disparities and associated factors in the United States of America (USA) for the most common cancers (breast, prostate, lung and colon), and for a subset of other cancers that highlight the complexity of disparities (gastric, liver, pancreas and leukaemia). We focus on populations commonly identified and referred to as racial/ethnic minorities in the USAâAfrican Americans/Blacks, American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asians, Native Hawaiians/other Pacific Islanders and Hispanics/Latinos. We conclude that even though substantial progress has been made in understanding the factors underlying cancer health disparities, marked inequities persist. Additional efforts are needed to include participants from diverse populations in the research of cancer aetiology, biology and treatment. Furthermore, to eliminate cancer health disparities, it will be necessary to facilitate access to, and utilisation of, health services to all individuals, and to address structural inequities, including racism, that disproportionally affect racial/ethnic minorities in the USA.Fil: Zavala, Valentina A.. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Bracci, Paige M.. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Carethers, John M.. University of Michigan; Estados UnidosFil: Carvajal Carmona, Luis. University of California at Davis; Estados UnidosFil: Coggins, Nicole B.. University of California at Davis; Estados UnidosFil: Cruz Correa, Marcia R.. Universidad de Puerto Rico; Puerto RicoFil: Davis, Melissa. No especifĂca;Fil: de Smith, Adam J.. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Dutil, Julie. Ponce Research Institute; Puerto RicoFil: Figueiredo, Jane C.. Cedars Sinai Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Fox, Rena. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Graves, Kristi D.. University Of Georgetown; Estados UnidosFil: Gomez, Scarlett Lin. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Llera, Andrea Sabina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones BioquĂmicas de Buenos Aires. FundaciĂłn Instituto Leloir. Instituto de Investigaciones BioquĂmicas de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Neuhausen, Susan L.. No especifĂca;Fil: Newman, Lisa. No especifĂca;Fil: Nguyen, Tung. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Palmer, Julie R.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Palmer, Nynikka R.. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: PĂ©rez Stable, Eliseo J.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Piawah, Sorbarikor. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Rodriquez, Erik J.. National Institutes of Health; Estados UnidosFil: Sanabria Salas, MarĂa Carolina. Instituto Nacional de CancerologĂa; ColombiaFil: Schmit, Stephanie L.. University of Southern California; Estados UnidosFil: Serrano Gomez, Silvia J.. Instituto Nacional de CancerologĂa; ColombiaFil: Stern, Mariana Carla. University of Southern California; Estados UnidosFil: Weitzel, Jeffrey. No especifĂca;Fil: Yang, Jun J.. St. Jude Childrenâs Research Hospital; Estados UnidosFil: Zabaleta, Jovanny. No especifĂca;Fil: Ziv, Elad. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Fejerman, Laura. University of California; Estados Unido
Lâaccompagnement-citoyen en soutien Ă la participation sociale des aĂźnĂ©s ayant un traumatisme craniocĂ©rĂ©bral
Hautement valorisée par les aßnés, la participation sociale a des effets bénéfiques sur leur
santĂ© biopsychosociale. Tous nâont pas cependant les mĂȘmes opportunitĂ©s pour sâinvestir
dans ce type dâactivitĂ©s; particuliĂšrement ceux ayant un traumatisme craniocĂ©rĂ©bral (TCC)
qui sont plus susceptibles dâĂȘtre limitĂ©s dans leurs capacitĂ©s Ă participer Ă la vie de la
communauté. Les initiatives les plus courantes pour aider ces personnes consistent en une
assistance humaine visant à pallierleurs limitations et ne misent pas, en priorité, sur la
promotion de leurs compĂ©tences. Afin dâoptimiser lâaide reçue, un accompagnementcitoyen
personnalisĂ© Ă lâintĂ©gration communautaire (APIC) a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©veloppĂ©, implantĂ© et
Ă©valuĂ©. Cet article documente lâimpact de lâAPIC sur la participation sociale dâaĂźnĂ©s ayant
un TCC. Une analyse de contenu thĂ©matique a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e sur les donnĂ©es issues dâentrevues
semi-dirigées auprÚs des participants et des journaux de bord des accompagnateurs.
Les rĂ©sultats montrent trois grandes retombĂ©es de lâAPIC : une meilleure assurance et un
plus grand sentiment dâautonomie, un goĂ»t retrouvĂ© de sâinvestir dans des activitĂ©s de
loisirs signifiantes, et une plus grande ouverture vers de nouvelles possibilités de relations.Abstract : Highly valued by seniors, community integration has beneficial effects on their biopsychosocial
health. However, not all of them have the same opportunities to engage in
social participation activities, particularly those with traumatic brain injury (TBI) who are
more likely to be limited in their abilities to participate in the life of the community. The
most common initiatives to help these people consist of human assistance to overcome
their limitations and which do not focus on skills promotion. In order to optimize the
available services and resources, personalized citizen assistance for community integration
(APIC) has been developed, implemented, and evaluated. This article documents the
impact of APIC on the community integration of seniors with TBI. A thematic content
analysis was conducted on data from semi-structured interviews with participants and
from attendant logbooks. The results show three major spin-offs from APIC: better
insurance and a greater sense of autonomy, a renewed taste for investing in meaningful
leisure activities, and greater openness to new relationship opportunities
Spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolates in Swedish broilers mediated by an incI plasmid carrying blaCTX-M-1
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