Caracterización molecular y germinación de semillas de maíces criollos azules con envejecimiento acelerado.

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto del envejecimie nto acelerado en semillas de varie dades criollas de maíz azul. En los laboratorios de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, semillas de cuatro varie dades criollas de maíz azul (Cuijingo, Cocotitlán, Puebla y Oaxaca), se sometie ron a dos tip os de envejecimie nto acelerado: calor húmedo (41°C, 72 horas y 100% h. r.) y calor seco (60°C, 48 horas). Se evaluaron: protrusión radicular de 0 a 72 horas de imbibición y, a los sie te días de incubación a 25°C, plántulas normales, anormales y semillas muertas. Se obtuvo la caracterización molecular de los tratamie ntos mediante la RA PD y se construyeron los dendogramas respectivos. En plántulas normales provenie ntes de semillas sin envejecimie nto acelerado, las varie dades Oaxaca y Puebla fueron significativamente superiores. El peso seco en las plántulas disminuyó con el deterioro, sie ndo exigua con calor seco. La presencia de plántulas anormales se incrementó con ambos tip os de deterioro en el orden: Oaxaca, Puebla, Cocotitlán y Cuijingo. La diferenciación de los perfiles de bandeo entre semillas testigo y deterioradas ocurrió con la secuencia: Oaxaca (31,6%), Cocotitlán (25,8%), Puebla (19,6%) y Cuijingo (18,6%). Estos valores de similitud, a los cuales se ramificaron los perfiles genómicos, se asociaron de manera inversa con el nivel de vigor de las semillas, y directamente con la presencia de anormalidades en las plántulas obtenidas

Inteligencia límite: Perfil, necesidades, recursos y propuestas de mejora

Objetivo general. Analizar las necesidades de las personas con inteligencia límite, así como los servicios y recursos de apoyo existentes en la actualidad para su inclusión educativa, social y laboral, con objeto de implementar las medidas necesarias para su mejora y adaptación constante a las nuevas realidades. Objetivos específicos. Identificación del perfil de las personas objeto del estudio; identificación de las necesidades especiales de las personas objeto de estudio y sus familias; valorar los recursos existentes para atender las necesidades en todos los ámbitos; y propuestas de mejora, alternativas y modificaciones, para atender las necesidades de las personas objeto del estudio. Método. Diseño: estudio descriptivo de encuesta de corte transversal en el que se integran datos de carácter cualitativo y cuantitativo. Participantes: 190 personas con inteligencia límite, residentes en seis comunidades distintas de nuestro país y 189 familias. Técnicas de recogida de datos: entrevistas semiestructuradas dirigidas a personas con inteligencia límite y sus familias; escalas estandarizadas (Escala de Intensidad de Apoyos [SIS], Escala Integral de Calidad de Vida y grupos de discusión). Técnicas de análisis de datos: Análisis de contenido de las entrevistas personales: programa de base de datos File Maker Pro. Análisis estadístico de los resultados obtenidos en las escalas estandarizadas. Síntesis de datos: necesidades y propuestas de mejora. Los datos obtenidos ponen de manifiesto el bajo nivel de calidad de vida que experimentan las personas con inteligencia límite como colectivo y su necesidad de apoyos especializados para conseguir una vida satisfactoria en los distintos ámbitos

La Constitución de 1991 frente a los actos legislativos que implementan el acuerdo final de paz

El presente escrito analiza los Actos legislativos 1 de 2017. Sistema Integral de Verdad, Justicia, Reparación y No Repetición ; 2 de 2017. Naturaleza Jurídica del Acuerdo Final de Paz; 3 de 2017. Participación Política : Apertura Democrática para Construir La Paz; 4 de 2017. Financiación de la Implementación del Acuerdo de Paz a Nivel Territorial; y el 5 de 2017. Consagración Constitucional del Monopolio Legítimo de la Fuerza y Uso por Parte del Estado, que implementan el Acuerdo Final de Paz, en los cuales se explora el alcance y efectos de los mismos en la Constitución, mediante el estudio de sentencias de la Corte Constitucional, Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, Tratados Internacionales sobre Derechos Humanos, Derecho Internacional Humanitario, Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos y la doctrina, con el fin de determinar si existen cambios sustanciales en la norma suprema.This document analyzes Legislative Acts 1 of 2017. Comprehensive System for Truth, Justice, Reparations and Non-Recurrence; 2 of 2017. Legal Nature of the Final Peace Agreement; 3 of 2017. Political participation: A democratic opportunity to build peace; 4 of 2017. Financing the Implementation of the Peace Agreement at the Territorial Level; and 5 of 2017. Constitutional Consecraron the legitímate monopoly of forcé and of the use of arms by the State, on which the scope and effects of these in the Constitution are explored, through the study of court rulings by the Constitutional Court, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, International Treaties on Human Rights, International Humanitarian Law, Human Rights International Law and doctrine, in order to determine if there are substantia! changes in the supreme norm.Magíster en Derecho ConstitucionalMaestrí

Estimating the health and economic burden of shipping related air pollution in the Iberian Peninsula

Air pollution is the leading cause of the global burden of disease from the environment, entailing substantial economic consequences. International shipping is a significant source of NOx, SO2, CO and PM, which can cause known negative health impacts. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the health impacts and the associated external costs of ship-related air pollution in the Iberian Peninsula for 2015. Moreover, the impact of CAP2020 regulations on 2015 emissions was studied. Log-linear functions based on WHO-HRAPIE relative risks for PM2.5 and NO2 all-cause mortality and morbidity health end-points, and integrated exposure-response functions for PM2.5 cause-specific mortality, were used to calculate the excess burden of disease. The number of deaths and years of life lost (YLL) due to NO2 ship-related emissions was similar to those of PM2.5 ship-related emissions. Estimated all-cause premature deaths attributable to PM2.5 ship-related emissions represented an average increase of 7.7% for the Iberian Peninsula when compared to the scenario without shipping contribution. Costs of around 9 100 million euro yr-1 (for value of statistical life approach - VSL) and 1 825 million euro yr(-1) (for value of life year approach - VOLY) were estimated for PM and NO2 all-cause burden of disease. For PM2.5 cause-specific mortality, a cost of around 3 475 million euro yr(-1) (for VSL approach) and 851 million euro yr(-1) (for VOLY approach) were estimated. Costs due to PM and NO2 all-cause burden represented around 0.72% and 0.15% of the Iberian Peninsula gross domestic product in 2015, respectively for VSL and VOLY approaches. For PM2.5 cause-specific mortality, costs represented around 0.28% and 0.06%, respectively, for VSL and VOLY approaches. If CAP2020 regulations had been applied in 2015, around 50% and 30% respectively of PM2.5 and NO2 ship-related mortality would been avoided. These results show that air pollution from ships has a considerable impact on health and associated costs affecting the Iberian Peninsula.This work was financially supported by: project UIDB/00511/2020 of the Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy - LEPABE-funded by national funds through the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) and project EMISSHIP PTDC/CTAAMB/32201/2017, funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020 - Programa Oper-acional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao (POCI) and by national funds (PIDDAC) through FCT/MCTES. Rafael A.O. Nunes thanks the individual research grant SFRH/BD/146159/2019, funded by the Por-tuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) . Sofia I.V. Sousathanks the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for the financial support of her work contract through the Scientific Employment Stimulus-Individual Call CEECIND/02477/2017. Dr Jalkanen would like to acknowledge the financial support from the European Union's Horizon2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement #874990 (EMERGE project) . This work reflects only the authors' view and INEA is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains

Informe preliminar. Propuesta de protección para la sierra de la mosca. Cáceres - Sierra de Fuentes

Presentamos este INFORME PRELIMINAR con el objetivo de impulsar una figura de protección para LA SIERRA DE LA MOSCA de Cáceres, para su justa valoración como espacio natural bien conservado, como forma de mantener a los ciudadanos cacereños concienciados con la importancia de sus recursos naturales y culturales, complementada con una serie de propuestas de usos y promoción social que la hagan más atractiva y eviten la amenaza del progresivo deterioro ecológico al que se encuentra hoy sometida esta zona periurbana.We present this PRELIMINARY REPORT with the aim of promoting a protection figure for LA SIERRA DE LA MOSCA of Cáceres, for its fair valuation as a well-conserved natural space, as a way of keeping the citizens of Cáceres aware of the importance of its natural and cultural resources, complemented with a series of proposals of uses and social promotion that make it more attractive and avoid the threat of the progressive ecological deterioration to which this periurban area is subjected today

Synthesis of 1,4-Biphenyl-triazole Derivatives as Possible 17β-HSD1 Inhibitors: An in Silico Study

Triazoles occupy an important position in medicinal chemistry because of their various biological activities. The structural features of 1,2,3-triazoles enable them to act as a bioisostere of different functional groups such as amide, ester, carboxylic acid, and heterocycle, being capable of forming hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions or coordinate metal ions with biological targets. In this work, the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives via copper(I)-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is reported. Overexpression of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1) is often found in breast cancer cells. Molecular similarity and docking analysis were used to evaluate the potential inhibitory activity of 1,2,3-triazoles synthesized over 17β-HSD1 for the treatment of mammary tumors. Our in silico analysis shows that compounds 4c, 4d, 4f, 4g, and 4j are good molecular scaffold candidates as 17β-HSD1 inhibitors

Effectiveness of Fosfomycin for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Bacteremic Urinary Tract Infections

IMPORTANCE The consumption of broad-spectrum drugs has increased as a consequence of the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli. Finding alternatives for these infections is critical, for which some neglected drugs may be an option. OBJECTIVE To determine whether fosfomycin is noninferior to ceftriaxone or meropenem in the targeted treatment of bacteremic urinary tract infections (bUTIs) due to MDR E coli. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This multicenter, randomized, pragmatic, open clinical trial was conducted at 22 Spanish hospitals from June 2014 to December 2018. Eligible participants were adult patients with bacteremic urinary tract infections due to MDR E coli; 161 of 1578 screened patients were randomized and followed up for 60 days. Data were analyzed in May 2021. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomized 1 to 1 to receive intravenous fosfomycin disodium at 4 g every 6 hours (70 participants) or a comparator (ceftriaxone or meropenem if resistant; 73 participants) with the option to switch to oral fosfomycin trometamol for the fosfomycin group or an active oral drug or pa renteral ertapenem for the comparator group after 4 days. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was clinical and microbiological cure (CMC) 5 to 7 days after finalization of treatment; a noninferiority margin of 7% was considered. RESULTS Among 143 patients in the modified intention-to-treat population (median [IQR] age, 72 [62-81] years; 73 [51.0%] women), 48 of 70 patients (68.6%) treated with fosfomycin and 57 of 73 patients (78.1%) treated with comparators reached CMC (risk difference, -9.4 percentage points; 1-sided 95% CI, -21.5 to infinity percentage points; P = .10). While clinical or microbiological failure occurred among 10 patients (14.3%) treated with fosfomycin and 14 patients (19.7%) treated with comparators (risk difference, -5.4 percentage points; 1-sided 95% CI. -infinity to 4.9; percentage points; P = .19), an increased rate of adverse event-related discontinuations occurred with fosfomycin vs comparators (6 discontinuations [8.5%] vs 0 discontinuations; P = .006). In an exploratory analysis among a subset of 38 patients who underwent rectal colonization studies, patients treated with fosfomycin acquired a new ceftriaxone-resistant or meropenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria at a decreased rate compared with patients treated with comparators (0 of 21 patients vs 4 of 17 patients [23.5%]; 1-sided P = .01). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that fosfomycin did not demonstrate noninferiority to comparators as targeted treatment of bUTI from MDR E coli; this was due to an increased rate of adverse event-related discontinuations. This finding suggests that fosfomycin may be considered for selected patients with these infections

Correction : Chaparro et al. Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain: Large-Scale Epidemiological Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2885

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]