The use of real-time ultrasound measurements to predict composition and estimate genetic parameters of carcass traits in live beef cattle

Both steers (n = 497) and bulls (n = 247) were ultrasonically (RTU) measured for 12-13th rib subcutaneous fat thickness (UFAT) and longissimus muscle area (ULMA) just previous to slaughter. Carcass measurements collected by experienced evaluators were used as a basis to determine the accuracy of ultrasound measurements. Mean differences between carcass and ultrasound measurements suggest that carcass fat thickness (CFAT) was slightly underestimated (.032 cm) and carcass longissimus muscle area (CLMA) was overestimated by 1.47 cm[superscript]2 with RTU. The mean absolute value of the difference between CFAT and UFAT was.227 cm while this mean absolute difference was 5.09 cm[superscript]2 between CLMA and ULMA. Correlation coefficients between CFAT and UFAT and between CLMA and ULMA were.86 and.78, respectively. The standard errors of prediction corrected for bias were.29 cm for UFAT and 6.25 cm[superscript]2 for ULMA;A second study consisted of serially measuring performance-tested sire groups of Angus and Simmental bulls four times at 30-day intervals for weight (WT), height (HT) 12-13th rib ultrasonic fat thickness (UFAT), and ultrasonic longissimus muscle area (ULMA). These data were then used to evaluate compositional changes, adjustment procedures and to estimate genetic parameters. Linear as well as linear and quadratic regressions of each trait on age were performed on the pooled data and on an individual animal basis. These regression lines were plotted to assess the changes in each trait throughout the test period. Results suggest that mean individual animal linear and quadratic regression equations more clearly describe the compositional changes during the test period than linear regression equations. Comparing adjustment procedures involving one, two or all four measurements on each animal indicate that two measurements taken 30 to 60 days apart, when the contemporary group average age is near 365 days can provide accurate adjustment to a year of age. Single trait h[superscript]2 for 365-day adjusted WT, HT, ULMA for Angus were.52,.57 and.64, respectively. The same analysis of Simmental data yielded h[superscript]2 estimates of.37,.23,.21, and.87 for WT, HT, UFAT, and ULMA, respectively

Dietary reference values for vitamin K

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) derives dietary reference values (DRVs) for vitamin K. In this Opinion, the Panel considers vitamin K to comprise both phylloquinone and menaquinones. The Panel considers that none of the biomarkers of vitamin K intake or status is suitable by itself to derive DRVs for vitamin K. Several health outcomes possibly associated with vitamin K intake were also considered but data could not be used to establish DRVs. The Panel considers that average requirements and population reference intakes for vitamin K cannot be derived for adults, infants and children, and therefore sets adequate intakes (AIs). The Panel considers that available evidence on occurrence, absorption, function and content in the body or organs of menaquinones is insufficient, and, therefore, sets AIs for phylloquinone only. Having assessed additional evidence available since 1993 in particular related to biomarkers, intake data and the factorial approach, which all are associated with considerable uncertainties, the Panel maintains the reference value proposed by the Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) in 1993. An AI of 1 mu g phylloquinone/kg body weight per day is set for all age and sex population groups. Considering the respective reference body weights, AIs for phylloquinone are set at 70 mu g/day for all adults including pregnant and lactating women, at 10 mu g/day for infants aged 7-11 months, and between 12 mu g/day for children aged 1-3 years and 65 mu g/day for children aged 15-17 years. (C) 2017 European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Journal published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd on behalf of European Food Safety Authority

Влияние фосфатных связующих на физико-механические свойства периклазохромитовых огнеупоров

У данній статті наведено та порівняно фізико-механічні властивості периклазо-хромітових матеріалів в залежності від різних типів фосфатних зв’язуючих та введення різних домішок. Визначено, що найбільш раціональним є введення триполіфосфату натрію.In given clause are resulted and the physycal-mechanical properties periclase-cgromite of materials are compared depending on different of types phosphate binding and introduction of the various additives. Is determined, that most rational is the introduction treepolyphosphate sodume

The role of IL-1 gene polymorphisms (IL1A, IL1B, and IL1RN) as a risk factor in unsuccessful implants retaining overdentures

Purpose: Implant-supported overdentures are an alternative predictable rehabilitation method that has a high impact on improving the patient's quality of life. However, some biological complications may interfere with the maintenance and survival of these overdenture implants. The goal of this article was to assess the factors that affect periimplant success, through a hypothetical prediction model for biological complications of implant overdentures.Methods: A retrospective observational, prevalence study was conducted in 58 edentulous Caucasian patients rehabilitated with implant overdentures. A total of 229 implants were included in the study. Anamnestic, clinical, and implant-related parameters were collected and recorded in a single database. "Patient" was chosen as the unit of analysis, and a complete screening protocol was established. The data analytical study included assessing the odds ratio, concerning the presence or absence of a particular risk factor, by using binary logistic regression modeling. Probability values (p values) inferior to 0.05 were considered as representing statistically significant evidence.Results: The performed prediction model included the following variables: mean probing depth, metal exposure, IL1B_allele2, maxillary edentulousness, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. The F. nucleatum showed significant association with the outcome. Introducing a negative coefficient appeared to prevent complications or even boost the biological defense when associated with other factors.Conclusions: The prediction model developed in this study could serve as a basis for further improved models that would assist clinicians in the daily diagnosis and treatment planning practice of oral rehabilitation with implant overdentures.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

CONVENZIONI, DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION E MULTICANALITÀ: IL NUOVO CANALE DI VENDITA DI PIAGGIO & C. S.p.A.

In un ambiente economico e sociale ormai sempre più globale, si è fatta strada la necessità, per molte imprese, di cercare mezzi sempre più adeguati e diversificati di accesso ai mercati, cogliendo così sia le opportunità, che le sfide, imposte dalla sempre accresciuta competizione dei nostri giorni. Proprio all'interno di questo scenario, tra i maggiori player mondiali di produzione di scooter e moto, si viene a collocare il più ampio e pionieristico progetto, dell’unità operativa Vendite Dirette Italia, di Piaggio & C. S.p.A. L’impresa, più in particolare, aprendosi alle nuove tecnologie di comunicazione, ha dato vita, su questa scia, ad un affiancamento di una nuova rete distributiva virtuale accanto a quella fisica già esistente, andando così a implementare, nelle sue strategie commerciali, la multicanalità. Pertanto, lo scopo generale di questo lavoro è quello di dimostrare e testare l’efficacia di tale nuovo canale di vendita, mediante l’analisi sperimentale di un progetto aziendale ancora in evoluzione, riscontrando così la positività dell’approccio multichannel adottato dalla Società

Design 2030: Spazi, Fabbriche, Laboratori

«Abbiamo lavorato molto duramente per creare un singolo studio in cui fosse possibile progettare tutti gli strumenti e sperimentare i nuovi processi necessari per ottenere i prodotti finiti che voi vedete». Jonathan Ive, Chief Design Officer presso Apple, con queste parole mette in risalto uno dei temi meno discussi nella pratica del design: lo spazio di lavoro. Fabbriche, studi, atelier, laboratori: nel corso degli anni il luogo in cui i progettisti hanno dato vita ai propri prodotti ha subito profonde trasformazioni. L’introduzione di nuove tecnologie e di nuove pratiche ha costretto i designer a progettare lo spazio di lavoro esattamente come fosse un semilavorato. Ai grandi stabilimenti della catena di montaggio, pensati per una produzione di massa, si contrappongono le piccole realtà degli atelier o dei lab, supporto di una progettazione sempre più collaborativa e “online”. La necessità di ridurre i tempi di progettazione si è tradotta in una centralizzazione dello spazio: molti laboratori e studi si sono attrezzati per sviluppare ogni fase del ciclo produttivo all’interno di un unico ambiente. Anche il processo di ideazione stesso si trasforma, e se gli strumenti necessari al designer cambiano, ne deriva che anche lo spazio di lavoro acquisisce un aspetto completamente diverso, come nel caso del bio-design o del design generativo e computazionale. Se si guarda al futuro, con il settore della robotica in continua crescita, lo spazio di lavoro viene rappresentato più come strumento delle macchine e delle intelligenze artificiali che del progettista stesso. Ma per fare design è davvero necessario che l’area di lavoro sia tangibile? L’introduzione di tecnologie innovative come la realtà aumentata o virtuale ha reso possibile il superamento della dimensione spazio-tempo. Sono sempre più diffuse le piattaforme o App che permettono di condividere con estrema facilità idee, immagini o disegni all’interno di una stanza virtuale. Lo spazio del designer è quindi un elemento in continua mutazione che oscilla tra grande e piccolo, aperto e chiuso, fisico e immateriale. Lo scopo di questa galleria è quello di mettere in luce le sue diverse configurazioni. Attraverso Focus si cercherà, quindi, di rispondere ad una domanda che non viene posta spesso: dove avviene la pratica del design?«We worked very hard to create a single studio where it was possible to design all the tools and experiment with the new processes necessary to obtain the finished products that you see» Jonathan Ive, Chief Design Officer at Apple, with these words highlights one of the least discussed topics in the practice of design: the workspace. Factories, studios, ateliers, laboratories: over the years the place where the designers gave life to their products has undergone profound transformations. The introduction of new technologies and new practices has forced designers to think about the workspace exactly as if it were a product. The large factories of the assembly line, designed for mass production, are opposed to the small realities of the ateliers or labs, support of an increasingly collaborative and “online” design. The need to reduce the time of production has translated into a centralization of space: many laboratories and studios have equipped themselves to develop each phase of the production cycle within a single environment. Even the ideation process itself transforms, and if the tools necessary for the designer change, also the workspace acquires a completely different aspect, as in the case of bio-design or generative and computational design. If we look to the future, with the robotics sector constantly growing, the workspace is represented more as an instrument of machines and artificial intelligence than of the designer himself. But is it really necessary for the work area to be tangible to make design? The introduction of innovative technologies such as augmented or virtual reality has made possible to overcome the space- time dimension. Platforms or apps that allow to easily share ideas, images or drawings inside a virtual room are increasingly popular. The designer’s space is therefore an ever-changing element that oscillates between large and small, open and closed, physical and immaterial. The purpose of this gallery is to highlight its different configurations. Through Focus we will therefore try to answer a question that is not often asked: where does the practice of design take place

The use of real-time ultrasound measurements to predict composition and estimate genetic parameters of carcass traits in live beef cattle

Both steers (n = 497) and bulls (n = 247) were ultrasonically (RTU) measured for 12-13th rib subcutaneous fat thickness (UFAT) and longissimus muscle area (ULMA) just previous to slaughter. Carcass measurements collected by experienced evaluators were used as a basis to determine the accuracy of ultrasound measurements. Mean differences between carcass and ultrasound measurements suggest that carcass fat thickness (CFAT) was slightly underestimated (.032 cm) and carcass longissimus muscle area (CLMA) was overestimated by 1.47 cm[superscript]2 with RTU. The mean absolute value of the difference between CFAT and UFAT was.227 cm while this mean absolute difference was 5.09 cm[superscript]2 between CLMA and ULMA. Correlation coefficients between CFAT and UFAT and between CLMA and ULMA were.86 and.78, respectively. The standard errors of prediction corrected for bias were.29 cm for UFAT and 6.25 cm[superscript]2 for ULMA;A second study consisted of serially measuring performance-tested sire groups of Angus and Simmental bulls four times at 30-day intervals for weight (WT), height (HT) 12-13th rib ultrasonic fat thickness (UFAT), and ultrasonic longissimus muscle area (ULMA). These data were then used to evaluate compositional changes, adjustment procedures and to estimate genetic parameters. Linear as well as linear and quadratic regressions of each trait on age were performed on the pooled data and on an individual animal basis. These regression lines were plotted to assess the changes in each trait throughout the test period. Results suggest that mean individual animal linear and quadratic regression equations more clearly describe the compositional changes during the test period than linear regression equations. Comparing adjustment procedures involving one, two or all four measurements on each animal indicate that two measurements taken 30 to 60 days apart, when the contemporary group average age is near 365 days can provide accurate adjustment to a year of age. Single trait h[superscript]2 for 365-day adjusted WT, HT, ULMA for Angus were.52,.57 and.64, respectively. The same analysis of Simmental data yielded h[superscript]2 estimates of.37,.23,.21, and.87 for WT, HT, UFAT, and ULMA, respectively.</p

Analyse der Struktur und Beeinflussbarkeit der Distributionslogistik

Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel W 763 (93.2) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Ergebnisse einer empirischen Untersuchung zur Logistik im Landhandel

Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel W 763 (95.1) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Ueberblick ueber die Logistik- und Controlling-Literatur und deren Eignung zur Entwicklung eines Logistik-Controlling-Systems

SIGLEAvailable from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel W 763 (93.1) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman