53 research outputs found
Hydrogenation of Acetophenone in the Presence of Ru Catalysts Supported on Amine Groups Functionalized Polymer
High-Utilisation Nanoplatinum Catalyst (Pt@cPIM) Obtained via Vacuum Carbonisation in a Molecularly Rigid Polymer of Intrinsic Microporosity
Polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM or here PIM-EA-TB) offer a highly rigid host environment into which hexachloroplatinate(IV) anions are readily adsorbed and vacuum carbonised (at 500 °C) to form active embedded platinum nanoparticles. This process is characterised by electron and optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical methods, which reveal that the PIM microporosity facilitates the assembly of nanoparticles of typically 1.0 to 2.5-nm diameter. It is demonstrated that the resulting carbonised “Pt@cPIM” from drop-cast films of ca. 550-nm average thickness, when prepared on tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), contain not only fully encapsulated but also fully active platinum nanoparticles in an electrically conducting hetero-carbon host. Alternatively, for thinner films (50–250 nm) prepared by spin coating, the particles become more exposed due to additional loss of the carbon host. In contrast to catalyst materials prepared by vacuum-thermolysed hexachloroplatinate(IV) precursor, the platinum nanoparticles within Pt@cPIM retain high surface area, electrochemical activity and high catalyst efficiency due to the molecular rigidity of the host. Data are presented for oxygen reduction, methanol oxidation and glucose oxidation, and in all cases, the high catalyst surface area is linked to excellent catalyst utilisation. Robust transparent platinum-coated electrodes are obtained with reactivity equivalent to bare platinum but with only 1 μg Pt cm−2 (i.e. ~100% active Pt nanoparticle surface is maintained in the carbonised microporous host). [Figure not available: see fulltext.
The study on the application of solid-state method for synthesizing the polyaniline/noble metal (Au or Pt) hybrid materials
Heterogeneous catalysis for sustainable biodiesel production via esterification and transesterification
Concern over the economics of accessing fossil fuel reserves, and widespread acceptance of the anthropogenic origin of rising CO2 emissions and associated climate change from combusting such carbon sources, is driving academic and commercial research into new routes to sustainable fuels to meet the demands of a rapidly rising global population. Here we discuss catalytic esterification and transesterification solutions to the clean synthesis of biodiesel, the most readily implemented and low cost, alternative source of transportation fuels to meet future societal demands
Amorphous and ordered organosilicas functionalized with amine groups as sorbents of platinum (II) ions
Transesterification of triglycerides with methanol catalyzed by heterogeneous zinc hydroxy nitrate catalyst. Evaluation of variables affecting the activity and stability of catalyst.
Hydrogenation of 2-ethylanthraquinone over Pd/SiO2 and Pd/Al2O3 in the fixed-bed reactor. The effect of the type of support
Hydrogenation of 2-ethylanthraquinone on alumina-supported palladium catalysts The effect of support modification with Na2SiO3
2-Ethylanthraquinone hydrogenation on Pd/Al2O3 The effect of water and NaOH on the degradation process
- …