Student Counseling Program in Twenty Iowa Colleges

A survey was made of certain student personnel practices in twenty Iowa colleges by submitting a questionnaire and obtaining follow-up data one year later. While most colleges provide student counseling service, specific measures and procedures vary widely. There is no uniformity in regard to the testing program or the means for assisting students with How to Study problems. Generally speaking, any professional counseling effort is supplemented by adviser service rendered by regular faculty members

Unsettling the role of culture as panacea: The politics of culture-led urban regeneration in Buenos Aires

In recent years the rise of culture as a universal cure to a myriad of urban, social and economic ‘diseases’ has been celebrated without precedent, both in policy and academic accounts. Unlike these celebratory discourses, this paper provides a critique of the politics underpinning culture-led urban regeneration in order to unsettle the role of culture as panacea. Drawing on a case study – the on-going redevelopment of the post office palace into a commemorative cultural centre in Buenos Aires, Argentina – the analysis offers an in-depth account of the policy process by which industrial heritage is redeveloped through a cultural rhetoric. The analysis reveals how the recycling of the post office building enabled multiple meanings of culture to emerge and circulate within a range of policy, architectural, urban regeneration, real estate and media discourses. These, in turn, express existing disputes over the making of cultural policies, the uses of heritage, the image of the capital city and the value of the post office. In the redevelopment of the postal building, the paper argues, policy invocations of culture were aimed at de-politicising cultural activities in post-2001/2002 crisis Argentina, when politics had become a synonym of corruption and mismanagement. The paper concludes by drawing attention to the urgent need to adopt a critical perspective to the study of culture-led urban regeneration in Latin America, one which situates the analysis in historical and political terms and acknowledges the contending circumstances out of which these urban strategies often emerge

Effects of school-based mindfulness training on emotion processing and well-being in adolescents : evidence from event-related potentials

In a non-randomized controlled study, we investigated the efficacy of a school-based mindfulness curriculum delivered by schoolteachers to older secondary school students (16-18 years). We measured changes in emotion processing indexed by P3b event-related potential (ERP) modulations in an affective oddball task using static human faces. ERPs were recorded to happy and sad face oddballs presented in a stimulus stream of frequent faces with neutral expression, before and after 8 weeks of mindfulness training. Whilst the mean amplitude of the P3b, an ERP component typically elicited by infrequent oddballs, decreased between testing sessions in the control group, it remained unchanged in the training group. Significant increases in self-reported well-being and fewer doctor visits for mental health support were also reported in the training group as compared to controls. The observed habituation to emotional stimuli in controls thus contrasted with maintained sensitivity in mindfulness-trained students. These results suggest that in-school mindfulness training for adolescents has scope for increasing awareness of socially relevant emotional stimuli, irrespective of valence, and thus may decrease vulnerability to depression

Skeletal Manifestations of Hypothyroidism in Twelve Cases from Switzerland

Hypothyroidism is caused by a deficiency in the synthesis of thyroid hormone. Dwarfism is the most obvious skeletal manifestation, but most people with hypothyroidism do not have any skeletal evidence of the disease. When the skeleton is affected, the severity of this manifestation depends on the degree of the deficiency and age of onset. Endemic hypothyroidism typically is linked to specific ecological settings such as the high mountains where iodine is absent, or else it occurs with very low concentrations in water and soil. In these areas, the prevalence may be as high as 8%. The disease can be expected to occur in archaeological human skeletal samples from endemic regions. Sporadic hypothyroidism is caused by a deficiency in the thyroid gland itself, and is not linked to any specific environmental context. The disease may be the result of a genetic defect, but can also be caused by other pathological conditions that may affect the thyroid gland, including infection and cancer. The skeletal abnormalities of the two variants will be indistinguishable in archaeological human remains. In order to identify hypothyroidism in archaeological skeletal samples, one must be aware of the differences in pathological skeletal changes seen in hypothyroidism in comparison with other diseases, such as achondroplasia, that can cause similar abnormalities. Twelve clinically documented cases of hypothyroidism provide data for understanding the skeletal abnormalities associated with this disease. All 12 are modern documented cases from Switzerland, where endemic hypothyroidism occurred in the iodine-deficient Alpine regions. However, at least one case in the sample was caused by a defect in the thyroid gland itself

Un posible caso de osteosarcoma multicéntrico en un individuo del S.XIX de Wolverhampton, Inglaterra

El osteosarcoma es un tipo de neoplasma maligno sumamente agresivo. Puede originarse desde un tumor primario y producir metástasis hacia otros tejidos (unicéntrico) u originarse en más de un sitio óseo (multicéntrico). En este último caso pueden diferenciarse dos variantes, (multicéntrico-sincrónico) que resulta de lesiones que aparecen simultáneamente o (multicéntrico-metacrónico) que resulta de lesiones que aparecen independientemente pero en tiempos diferentes. La distinción entre estos dos tipos representa un desafío en la clínica y más aun en contextos bioarqueológicos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es informar sobre un posible caso de osteosarcoma multicéntrico en un esqueleto de un individuo masculino (HB39) de 45+ años que fue excavado de un cementerio que data de principios del S.XIX de la ciudad de Wolverhampton, Inglaterra. Tanto el esqueleto axial como el apendicular presentan una combinación de lesiones líticas y osteoblásticas. Las primeras penetran el hueso cortical formando clusters de tamaño variado muchas veces acompañadas de las segundas, que se manifiestan como excrecencias óseas agresivas. La variación en el tamaño de las lesiones osteoblásticas pone en duda la posibilidad de que el diagnóstico sea un osteosarcoma multicéntrico-sincrónico y aunque podría argumentarse que las lesiones hayan comenzado al mismo tiempo pero desarrollado a diferentes velocidades, esto parecería poco probable. La edad adulta del individuo también pone en duda el diagnóstico de un osteosarcoma multicéntrico-sincrónico. La evidencia tampoco es suficiente para distinguir entre un osteosarcoma multicéntrico metacrónico y osteosarcoma unicéntrico. Dado que no se cuenta con datos provenientes del historial clínico de este individuo, se concluye que el diagnóstico más adecuado es considerar al tumor como un osteosarcoma multicéntrico sin distinguir entre sincrónico o metacrónico.Sesión de póstersPoster sessionSessão pôsterAsociación de Antropología Biológica de la República Argentin

New Approaches to the Study of Disease in Archeological New World Populations

One of the objectives of paleopathology is to clarify the role of disease in the evolution of human groups. The recovery of DNA and immunoglobulins from archeological human skeletal tissue offers a method for enhancing and expanding our knowledge about the presence and significance of disease in past human populations. DNA also might reveal the presence of genetic disease. Immunoglobulins recovered from archeological bone indicate some of the diseases to which an individual was exposed during life. This information also provides supporting evidence for anatomical observations of skeletal disease. This is illustrated by the identification of treponemal antibody in an archeological skeleton that has gross lesions suggestive of treponematosis. Similar biochemical methods could be applied to other research problems to clarify the presence of various syndromes of the inflammatory erosive arthropathies, such as rheumatoid arthritis, in New World archeological populations. Some of these syndromes are associated with DNA sequences and specific proteins that are recoverable from archeological skeletal tissue

Un posible caso de osteosarcoma multicéntrico en un individuo del S.XIX de Wolverhampton, Inglaterra

El osteosarcoma es un tipo de neoplasma maligno sumamente agresivo. Puede originarse desde un tumor primario y producir metástasis hacia otros tejidos (unicéntrico) u originarse en más de un sitio óseo (multicéntrico). En este último caso pueden diferenciarse dos variantes, (multicéntrico-sincrónico) que resulta de lesiones que aparecen simultáneamente o (multicéntrico-metacrónico) que resulta de lesiones que aparecen independientemente pero en tiempos diferentes. La distinción entre estos dos tipos representa un desafío en la clínica y más aun en contextos bioarqueológicos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es informar sobre un posible caso de osteosarcoma multicéntrico en un esqueleto de un individuo masculino (HB39) de 45+ años que fue excavado de un cementerio que data de principios del S.XIX de la ciudad de Wolverhampton, Inglaterra. Tanto el esqueleto axial como el apendicular presentan una combinación de lesiones líticas y osteoblásticas. Las primeras penetran el hueso cortical formando clusters de tamaño variado muchas veces acompañadas de las segundas, que se manifiestan como excrecencias óseas agresivas. La variación en el tamaño de las lesiones osteoblásticas pone en duda la posibilidad de que el diagnóstico sea un osteosarcoma multicéntrico-sincrónico y aunque podría argumentarse que las lesiones hayan comenzado al mismo tiempo pero desarrollado a diferentes velocidades, esto parecería poco probable. La edad adulta del individuo también pone en duda el diagnóstico de un osteosarcoma multicéntrico-sincrónico. La evidencia tampoco es suficiente para distinguir entre un osteosarcoma multicéntrico metacrónico y osteosarcoma unicéntrico. Dado que no se cuenta con datos provenientes del historial clínico de este individuo, se concluye que el diagnóstico más adecuado es considerar al tumor como un osteosarcoma multicéntrico sin distinguir entre sincrónico o metacrónico.Sesión de póstersPoster sessionSessão pôsterAsociación de Antropología Biológica de la República Argentin