La familia y la escuela como contextos del desarrollo humano

Escola e família constituem dois contextos de desenvolvimento fundamentais para a trajetória de vida das pessoas. Neste artigo, são destacadas as contribuições destes contextos para a promoção do desenvolvimento humano, enfatizando suas implicações nos processos evolutivos. Questões sobre configurações, vínculos familiares e a importância da rede social de apoio para o desenvolvimento da família são discutidas. Focalizam-se as funções da escola, considerando sua influência nas pessoas em desenvolvimento. Apontam-se algumas considerações sobre a necessidade de compreender as inter-relações entre escola e família, visando facilitar a aprendizagem e desenvolvimento humano. A integração entre esses dois contextos é destacada como desafio para a prática profissional e pesquisa empírica. Escola e família constituem dois contextos de desenvolvimento fundamentais para a trajetória de vida das pessoas. Neste artigo, são destacadas as contribuições destes contextos para a promoção do desenvolvimento humano, enfatizando suas implicações nos processos evolutivos. Questões sobre configurações, vínculos familiares e a importância da rede social de apoio para o desenvolvimento da família são discutidas. Focalizam-se as funções da escola, considerando sua influência nas pessoas em desenvolvimento. Apontam-se algumas considerações sobre a necessidade de compreender as inter-relações entre escola e família, visando facilitar a aprendizagem e desenvolvimento humano. A integração entre esses dois contextos é destacada como desafio para a prática profissional e pesquisa empírica.School and family constitute two developmental contexts essential for the lifespan trajectories. In this article, it is highlighted the contribution of both contexts to human development promotion, emphasizing their implications on evolutionary processes. The issues about family links, configurations, and the importance of the social support network for family development are discussed. The school functions are focused considering their influences on developing persons. Considerations are also made about the necessity of understanding the inter-relations between the school and the family, aiming to promote learning and human development. The integration between these two contexts is a challenge for both the professional practice and the empirical research.La escuela y la familia constituyen dos contextos del desarrollo fundamentales parla historia de vida de las personas. Resaltamos las contribuciones de ambos contextos para la promoción del desarrollo humano, enfatizando sus implicaciones en los procesos evolutivos. Discutimos cuestiones sobre las configuraciones y vínculos familiares y la importancia de la red social de apoyo para el desarrollo de la familia. Enfatizamos las funciones de la escuela, considerando su influencia sobre el desarrollo de las personas. Apuntamos la necesidad de comprender las interrelaciones entre la escuela y la familia, visando facilitar el aprendizaje y el desarrollo humano. La integración entre estos dos contextos es destacada como un desafio tanto para la práctica profesional como para las investigaciones empíricas

Towards understanding parent school relationship

Pesquisadores e educadores têm mostrado um crescente interesse pelo estudo das relações entre a família e a escola devido à sua importância para a educação e o desenvolvimento humano. Neste artigo teórico, apresentamos algumas reflexões sobre o envolvimento da família com a escola e seu impacto sobre a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento do aluno. Os benefícios de uma boa integração e as implicações de uma falta de integração entre os dois contextos são discutidos brevemente, bem como são descritos aspectos das relações estabelecidas entre ambos, que vêm sendo focalizados nas pesquisas empíricas. Especial atenção é dada às concepções e tipos de envolvimento família-escola e às percepções de pais e professores sobre este envolvimento. Ao final, enfatizamos a necessidade de uma integração mais efetiva entre a família e a escola, respeitando as peculiaridades de cada segmento, e da implementação de pesquisas que levem em conta as inter-relações entre os dois contextos.Researchers and educators have showed an increasingly interest in the study of the relationship between family and school due to its importance for education and human development. In this theoretical article, we present some reflections about the importance of the family-school involvement and its impact on the learning process and child development. The benefits of a good integration between family and school as well as the implications of a lack of integration between them are briefly discussed. Moreover, we present some aspects of their relationships that have been focused on empirical research, emphasizing the conceptions and types of family-school involvement and teacher and parental perceptions about it. At the end, we move the focus to discuss the necessity of promoting a better integration between family and school, considering the peculiarities of each one, and implementing researches taking account of the interrelatedness between both contexts

The contributions of developmental science to the health psychology

A ciência do desenvolvimento humano vem estimulando uma nova visão sobre a pesquisa em saúde, destacando variáveis contextuais e ecológicas que influenciam o processo de desenvolvimento e condicionam o diagnóstico, o tratamento e o prognóstico de indivíduos e grupos. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir as implicações da ciência do desenvolvimento humano à psicologia da saúde, área de intervenção educacional voltada aos diversos contextos de tratamento de saúde. Pretende-se, ainda, analisar criticamente alguns aspectos metodológicos dos estudos da área e apontar tendências atuais e futuras para uma análise mais funcional do processo saúde-doença. Espera- se que os profissionais de saúde se beneficiem dos argumentos e modelos propostos pela ciência do desenvolvimento humano, construindo ambientes de cuidados mais adequados às necessidades psicossociais de pacientes e familiares.The science of human development has been stimulating a new perspective on health research, highlighting contextual and ecological variables that influence the process of development and condition the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of individuals and groups. The objective of this article is to discuss about the implications of the science of human development for health psychology, specifically for the educational area aimed toward intervention in several contexts of health treatment. Another objective of this article is to critically analyze some methodological aspects os the studies in this area and point current and future tendencies at a more functional analysis of the health-disease process. It is expected that health professionals benefit from the arguments and models proposed by the science of human development, designing environments that are more adequate to the psychological needs of patients and families

Network enrichment analysis: extension of gene-set enrichment analysis to gene networks

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Gene-set enrichment analyses (GEA or GSEA) are commonly used for biological characterization of an experimental gene-set. This is done by finding known functional categories, such as pathways or Gene Ontology terms, that are over-represented in the experimental set; the assessment is based on an overlap statistic. Rich biological information in terms of gene interaction network is now widely available, but this topological information is not used by GEA, so there is a need for methods that exploit this type of information in high-throughput data analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We developed a method of network enrichment analysis (NEA) that extends the overlap statistic in GEA to network links between genes in the experimental set and those in the functional categories. For the crucial step in statistical inference, we developed a fast network randomization algorithm in order to obtain the distribution of any network statistic under the null hypothesis of no association between an experimental gene-set and a functional category. We illustrate the NEA method using gene and protein expression data from a lung cancer study.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results indicate that the NEA method is more powerful than the traditional GEA, primarily because the relationships between gene sets were more strongly captured by network connectivity rather than by simple overlaps.</p

Extensão universitária na capacitação de empresários : cursos de curta duração a distância para o empreendedorismo inovador

O presente artigo apresenta a experiência desenvolvida no projeto de capacitação empresarial a distância para micro e pequenos empresários promovido pelo Centro de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDT), da Universidade de Brasília (UnB) em parceria com o Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). O projeto de capacitação empresarial possui oito cursos, com diversos temas voltados ao empreendedorismo inovador. O caso mostra como foi possível não só encurtar as distâncias físicas características nesta modalidade de ensino, como também aproximar a teoria da prática. Por fim, discorre-se sobre a necessidade de se trabalhar cursos de capacitação empresarial a distância e sua repercussão na sociedade. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe present article presents the experience of a project that capacitates micro and small busenessmen using distance education. This project is promoted by the Centro de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Tecnológico (CDT) da Universidade de Brasília (UnB) in association with the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). The capacitation happens through 08 courses, with several themes related to innovative entrepreneurship. This case shows how it was possible to shorten the physical distances typical of this educational modality, and also to bring closer theory and practice. Finally, the discussion presents the need to offer capacitation courses to businessmen through distance education and its repercussion on society

Regulation of CD4+NKG2D+ Th1 cells in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with sorafenib : role of IL-15Rα and NKG2D triggering

Beyond cancer-cell intrinsic factors, the immune status of the host has a prognostic impact on patients with cancer and influences the effects of conventional chemotherapies. Metastatic melanoma is intrinsically immunogenic, thereby facilitating the search for immune biomarkers of clinical responses to cytotoxic agents. Here, we show that a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sorafenib, upregulates interleukin (IL)-15Rα in vitro and in vivo in patients with melanoma, and in conjunction with natural killer (NK) group 2D (NKG2D) ligands, contributes to the Th1 polarization and accumulation of peripheral CD4+NKG2D+ T cells. Hence, the increase of blood CD4+NKG2D+ T cells after two cycles of sorafenib (combined with temozolomide) was associated with prolonged survival in a prospective phase I/II trial enrolling 63 patients with metastatic melanoma who did not receive vemurafenib nor immune checkpoint-blocking antibodies. In contrast, in metastatic melanoma patients treated with classical treatment modalities, this CD4+NKG2D+ subset failed to correlate with prognosis. These findings indicate that sorafenib may be used as an "adjuvant" molecule capable of inducing or restoring IL-15Rα/IL-15 in tumors expressing MHCclass I-related chain A/B (MICA/B) and on circulating monocytes of responding patients, hereby contributing to the bioactivity of NKG2D+ Th1 cells.peer-reviewe

Extensão tecnológica – uma possibilidade viável com relevantes impactos socioeconômicos

Este artigo trata da extensão universitária e tecnológica e do enquadramento dos projetos do Centro de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Tecnológico da Universidade de Brasília como agente articulador e executor de ações que visam à promoção da cooperação entre universidades, governo e sociedade. Para tanto, baseando-se nas definições do Plano Nacional de Extensão Universitária e do Manual de Oslo, entende-se que as atividades desenvolvidas no âmbito dos projetos de extensão do CDT e com foco para inovação, enquadram-se no conceito de extensão universitária e tecnológica. O impacto dessas atividades vem contribuindo, de forma direta ou indireta, para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos/serviços, o fomento à atividade empresarial e a capacitação da comunidade acadêmica e da sociedade quanto ao empreendedorismo e à inovação. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis article describes the projects of the Center of Support of Technological Development at the University of Brasília and their relation to the university and the technology extension. This Center acts as an articulator and executor of actions that aim the cooperation among university, government and society. Based on the concepts of the National Plan of University Extension and the Oslo Manual, it is considered that the extension activities developed in the Center conform to the concepts of university and technology extension. The impact of those actions have either a direct or an indirect impact on society, contributing to the elaboration of new products/services, development of businesses and qualification of the academic community and the society in the area of entrepreneurship and innovation

Simultaneous miRNA and mRNA transcriptome profiling of human myoblasts reveals a novel set of myogenic differentiation-associated miRNAs and their target genes

Background: miRNA profiling performed in myogenic cells and biopsies from skeletal muscles has previously identified miRNAs involved in myogenesis. Results: Here, we have performed miRNA transcriptome profiling in human affinity-purified CD56+ myoblasts induced to differentiate in vitro. In total, we have identified 60 miRNAs differentially expressed during myogenic differentiation. Many were not known for being differentially expressed during myogenic differentiation. Of these, 14 (miR-23b, miR-28, miR-98, miR-103, miR-107, miR-193a, miR-210, miR-324-5p, miR-324-3p, miR-331, miR-374, miR-432, miR-502, and miR-660) were upregulated and 6 (miR-31, miR-451, miR-452, miR-565, miR-594 and miR-659) were downregulated. mRNA transcriptome profiling performed in parallel resulted in identification of 6,616 genes differentially expressed during myogenic differentiation. Conclusions: This simultaneous miRNA/mRNA transcriptome profiling allowed us to predict with high accuracy target genes of myogenesis-related microRNAs and to deduce their functions

Second-generation sulfonamide inhibitors of D-glutamic acid-adding enzyme: activity optimisation with conformationally rigid analogues of D-glutamic acid.

peer reviewedD-Glutamic acid-adding enzyme (MurD) catalyses the essential addition of d-glutamic acid to the cytoplasmic peptidoglycan precursor UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-l-alanine, and as such it represents an important antibacterial drug-discovery target enzyme. Based on a series of naphthalene-N-sulfonyl-d-Glu derivatives synthesised recently, we synthesised two series of new, optimised sulfonamide inhibitors of MurD that incorporate rigidified mimetics of d-Glu. The compounds that contained either constrained d-Glu or related rigid d-Glu mimetics showed significantly better inhibitory activities than the parent compounds, thereby confirming the advantage of molecular rigidisation in the design of MurD inhibitors. The binding modes of the best inhibitors were examined with high-resolution NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. We have solved a new crystal structure of the complex of MurD with an inhibitor bearing a 4-aminocyclohexane-1,3-dicarboxyl moiety. These data provide an additional step towards the development of sulfonamide inhibitors with potential antibacterial activities

Thinking Telematically: Improvising Music Worlds Under COVID and Beyond

The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown brought much attention to live music making via the internet, amplifying the previously marginal fields of livestream concertizing and networked music performance. Drawing connections among recent publications, artists' creative strategies, and his own experiences, the author surveys questions about musical telepresence that arose in this process, including reflections on the nature of musical liveness in an increasingly digital industry, the creative potentials of networked music making, and the value of “thinking telematically” about cultural production and social change