Emulating opportunistic networks with KauNet Triggers

In opportunistic networks the availability of an end-to-end path is no longer required. Instead opportunistic networks may take advantage of temporary connectivity opportunities. Opportunistic networks present a demanding environment for network emulation as the traditional emulation setup, where application/transport endpoints only send and receive packets from the network following a black box approach, is no longer applicable. Opportunistic networking protocols and applications additionally need to react to the dynamics of the underlying network beyond what is conveyed through the exchange of packets. In order to support IP-level emulation evaluations of applications and protocols that react to lower layer events, we have proposed the use of emulation triggers. Emulation triggers can emulate arbitrary cross-layer feedback and can be synchronized with other emulation effects. After introducing the design and implementation of triggers in the KauNet emulator, we describe the integration of triggers with the DTN2 reference implementation and illustrate how the functionality can be used to emulate a classical DTN data-mule scenario

Digital Compensation of Front-End Non-Idealities in Broadband Communication Systems (Digitale compensatie van niet-idealiteiten in de front-end van breedbandige communicatiesystemen)

nrpages: 220status: publishe

Joint Compensation of OFDM Frequency-Selective Transmitter and Receiver IQ Imbalance

Direct-conversion architectures are recently receiving a lot of interest in OFDM-based wireless transmission systems. However, due to component imperfections in the front-end analog processing, such systems are very sensitive to in-phase/quadrature-phase (IQ) imbalances. The IQ imbalance results in intercarrier interference (ICI) from the mirror carrier of the OFDM symbol. The resulting distortion can limit the achievable data rate and hence the performance of the system. In this paper, the joint effect of frequency-selective IQ imbalance at both the transmitter and receiver ends is studied. We consider OFDM transmission over a time-invariant frequency-selective channel. When the cyclic prefix is long enough to accommodate the channel impulse response combined with the transmitter and receiver filters, we propose a low-complexity two-tap equalizer with LMS-based adaptation to compensate for IQ imbalances along with channel distortions. When the cyclic prefix is not sufficiently long, then in addition to ICI there also exists interblock interference (IBI) between the adjacent OFDM symbols. In this case, we propose a frequency domain per-tone equalizer (PTEQ) obtained by transferring a time-domain equalizer (TEQ) to the frequency domain. The PTEQ is initialized by a training-based RLS scheme. Both algorithms provide a very efficient post-FFT adaptive equalization and their performance is shown to be close to the ideal case.</p

Joint Compensation of OFDM Frequency-Selective Transmitter and Receiver IQ Imbalance

Direct-conversion architectures are recently receiving a lot of interest in OFDM-based wireless transmission systems. However, due to component imperfections in the front-end analog processing, such systems are very sensitive to in-phase/quadrature-phase (IQ) imbalances. The IQ imbalance results in intercarrier interference (ICI) from the mirror carrier of the OFDM symbol. The resulting distortion can limit the achievable data rate and hence the performance of the system. In this paper, the joint effect of frequency-selective IQ imbalance at both the transmitter and receiver ends is studied. We consider OFDM transmission over a time-invariant frequency-selective channel. When the cyclic prefix is long enough to accommodate the channel impulse response combined with the transmitter and receiver filters, we propose a low-complexity two-tap equalizer with LMS-based adaptation to compensate for IQ imbalances along with channel distortions. When the cyclic prefix is not sufficiently long, then in addition to ICI there also exists interblock interference (IBI) between the adjacent OFDM symbols. In this case, we propose a frequency domain per-tone equalizer (PTEQ) obtained by transferring a time-domain equalizer (TEQ) to the frequency domain. The PTEQ is initialized by a training-based RLS scheme. Both algorithms provide a very efficient post-FFT adaptive equalization and their performance is shown to be close to the ideal case

A Novel Audio Cryptosystem Using Chaotic Maps and DNA Encoding

Chaotic maps have good potential in security applications due to their inherent characteristics relevant to cryptography. This paper introduces a new audio cryptosystem based on chaotic maps, hybrid chaotic shift transform (HCST), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) encoding rules. The scheme uses chaotic maps such as two-dimensional modified Henon map (2D-MHM) and standard map. The 2D-MHM which has sophisticated chaotic behavior for an extensive range of control parameters is used to perform HCST. DNA encoding technology is used as an auxiliary tool which enhances the security of the cryptosystem. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated for various speech signals using different encryption/decryption quality metrics. The simulation and comparison results show that the algorithm can achieve good encryption results and is able to resist several cryptographic attacks. The various types of analysis revealed that the algorithm is suitable for narrow band radio communication and real-time speech encryption applications

MU-MIMO in LTE Systems

A relatively recent idea of extending the benefits of MIMO systems to multiuser scenarios seems promising in the context of achieving high data rates envisioned for future cellular standards after 3G (3rd Generation). Although substantial research has been done on the theoretical front, recent focus is on making Multiuser Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MUMIMO) practically realizable. This paper presents an overview of the different MU-MIMO schemes included/being studied in 3GPP standardization from LTE (long-term evolution) to LTE Advanced. MU-MIMO system concepts and implementation aspects have been studied here. Various low-complexity receiver architectures are investigated, and their performance assessed through link-level simulations. Appealing performance offered by low-complexity interference aware (IA) receivers is notably emphasized. Furthermore, system level simulations for LTE Release 8 are provided. Interestingly, it is shown that MU-MIMO only offers marginal performance gains with respect to single-user MIMO. This arises from the limited MU-MIMO features included in Release 8 and calls for improved schemes for the upcoming releases.</p