190 research outputs found
Diabetic Neuropathy: A Clinical and Neuropathological Study of 107 Patients
One hundred seven patients were retrospectively studied from 1992 to 2002 with diabetic neuropathy that underwent peripheral nerve biopsy. Nerve biopsy revealed the underlying histopathology, including cell and humoral-mediated immunological lesions in the majority of patients. When combined with clinical and laboratory studies, nerve biopsy has the potential to assist in the selection of patients who may benefit from immunomodulatory therapy
Diabetic lumbosacral radiculoplexus neuropathy: a postmortem studied patient and review of the literature
Post-Infectious Sequela of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults and Children: An Overview of Available Agents and Clinical Responsiveness
The SARS-CoV-2 2019 pandemic has created challenges to managing the post-infectious autoimmune consequences of a disease that leads to the high case fatality in adults and children. The spectrum of agents available to modulate and suppress the immune system in combination with other appropriate antiviral antibiotics and life support measures is reviewed. All of the agents envisioned to treat Covid-19 disorders, including a newly recognized pediatric multi-system inflammatory syndrome, impact post-infectious mechanisms in keeping with the multiplier effect of infection, immunity and inflammation known as I-Cubed (I3)
Lyme Neuroborreliosis: Preliminary Results from an Urban Referral Center Employing Strict CDC Criteria for Case Selection
Lyme neuroborreliosis
or “neurological Lyme disease” was
evidenced in 2 of 23 patients submitted to strict criteria for case
selection of the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention employing a two-tier test to detect
antibodies to Borrelia
burgdorferi at a single institution.
One patient had symptomatic
polyradiculoneuritis, dysautonomia, and
serological evidence of early infection; and
another had symptomatic small fiber sensory
neuropathy, distal polyneuropathy,
dysautonomia, and serological evidence of late
infection. In the remaining patients symptoms
initially ascribed to Lyme disease were probably
unrelated to B. burgdorferi
infection. Our findings suggest early
susceptibility and protracted involvement of the
nervous system most likely due to the
immunological effects of B.
burgdorferi infection, although the
exact mechanisms remain uncertain
DHA Supplementation Alone or in Combination with Other Nutrients Does not Modulate Cerebral Hemodynamics or Cognitive Function in Healthy Older Adults
A number of recent trials have demonstrated positive effects of dietary supplementation with the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on measures of cognitive function in healthy young and older adults. One potential mechanism by which EPA, and DHA in particular, may exert these effects is via modulation of cerebral hemodynamics. In order to investigate the effects of DHA alone or provided as one component of a multinutrient supplement (also including Gingko biloba, phosphatidylserine and vitamins B9 and B12) on measures of cerebral hemodynamics and cognitive function, 86 healthy older adults aged 50–70 years who reported subjective memory deficits were recruited to take part in a six month daily dietary supplementation trial. Relative changes in the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin were assessed using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) during the performance of cognitive tasks prior to and following the intervention period. Performance on the cognitive tasks was also assessed. No effect of either active treatment was found for any of the NIRS measures or on the cognitive performance tasks, although the study was limited by a number of factors. Further work should continue to evaluate more holistic approaches to cognitive aging
Making Sense of a New Transport System: An Ethnographic Study of the Cambridgeshire Guided Busway
An increase in public transport use has the potential to contribute to improving population health, and there is growing interest in innovative public transport systems. Yet how new public transport infrastructure is experienced and integrated (or not) into daily practice is little understood. We investigated how the Cambridgeshire Guided Busway, UK, was used and experienced in the weeks following its opening, using the method of participant observation (travelling on the busway and observing and talking to passengers) and drawing on Normalization Process Theory to interpret our data. Using excerpts of field notes to support our interpretations, we describe how the ease with which the new transport system could be integrated into existing daily routines was important in determining whether individuals would continue to use it. It emerged that there were two groups of passengers with different experiences and attitudes. Passengers who had previously travelled frequently on regular bus services did not perceive the new system to be an improvement; consequently, they were frustrated that it was differentiated from and not coherent with the regular system. In contrast, passengers who had previously travelled almost exclusively by car appraised the busway positively and perceived it to be a novel and superior form of travel. Our rich qualitative account highlights the varied and creative ways in which people learn to use new public transport and integrate it into their everyday lives. This has consequences for the introduction and promotion of future transport innovations. It is important to emphasise the novelty of new public transport, but also the ways in which its use can become ordinary and routine. Addressing these issues could help to promote uptake of other public transport interventions, which may contribute to increasing physical activity and improving population health. © 2013 Jones et al
The physical scale of the far-infrared emission in the most luminous submillimetre galaxies II: evidence for merger-driven star formation
We present high-resolution 345 GHz interferometric observations of two
extreme luminous (L_{IR}>10^{13} L_sun), submillimetre-selected galaxies (SMGs)
in the COSMOS field with the Submillimeter Array (SMA). Both targets were
previously detected as unresolved point-sources by the SMA in its compact
configuration, also at 345 GHz. These new data, which provide a factor of ~3
improvement in resolution, allow us to measure the physical scale of the
far-infrared in the submillimetre directly. The visibility functions of both
targets show significant evidence for structure on 0.5-1 arcsec scales, which
at z=1.5 translates into a physical scale of 5-8 kpc. Our results are
consistent with the angular and physical scales of two comparably luminous
objects with high-resolution SMA followup, as well as radio continuum and CO
sizes. These relatively compact sizes (<5-10 kpc) argue strongly for
merger-driven starbursts, rather than extended gas-rich disks, as the preferred
channel for forming SMGs. For the most luminous objects, the derived sizes may
also have important physical consequences; under a series of simplifying
assumptions, we find that these two objects in particular are forming stars
close to or at the Eddington limit for a starburst.Comment: 9 pages, 3 Figures, submitted to MNRA
Outer-Disk Populations in NGC 7793: Evidence for Stellar Radial Migration
We analyzed the radial surface brightness profile of the spiral galaxy NGC
7793 using HST/ACS images from the GHOSTS survey and a new HST/WFC3 image
across the disk break. We used the photometry of resolved stars to select
distinct populations covering a wide range of stellar ages. We found breaks in
the radial profiles of all stellar populations at 280" (~5.1 kpc). Beyond this
disk break, the profiles become steeper for younger populations. This same
trend is seen in numerical simulations where the outer disk is formed almost
entirely by radial migration. We also found that the older stars of NGC 7793
extend significantly farther than the underlying HI disk. They are thus
unlikely to have formed entirely at their current radii, unless the gas disk
was substantially larger in the past. These observations thus provide evidence
for substantial stellar radial migration in late-type disks.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figure. Accepted for publication in Ap
\u3ci\u3eS\u3c/i\u3epitzer IRAC Infrared Colours of Submillimetre-Bright Galaxies
High-redshift submillimetre-bright galaxies identified by blank field surveys at millimetre and submillimetre wavelengths appear in the region of the Infra Red Array Camera (IRAC) colour-colour diagrams previously identified as the domain of luminous active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Our analysis using a set of empirical and theoretical dusty starburst spectral energy distribution (SED) models shows that power-law continuum sources associated with hot dust heated by young (≲100 Myr old), extreme starbursts at z \u3e 2 also occupy the same general area as AGNs in the IRAC colour-colour plots. A detailed comparison of the IRAC colours and SEDs demonstrates that the two populations are distinct from each other, with submillimetre-bright galaxies having a systematically flatter IRAC spectrum (≳1 mag bluer in the observed [4.5]-[8.0] colour). Only about 20 per cent of the objects overlap in the colour-colour plots, and this low fraction suggests that submillimetre galaxies powered by a dust-obscured AGN are not common. The red infrared colours of the submillimetre galaxies are distinct from those of the ubiquitous foreground IRAC sources, and we propose a set of infrared colour selection criteria for identifying SMG counterparts that can be used even in the absence of radio or Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS) 24 μm data
Stress urinary incontinence surgery trends in academic female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery urology practice in the setting of the food and drug administration public health notifications
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136665/1/nau23080.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/136665/2/nau23080_am.pd
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