Produção científica acerca de assédio moral em dissertações e teses no cenário brasileiro

OBJETIVO Analizar la producción científica acerca del asedio moral en tesis de máster y doctorado en Brasil, con énfasis en el año de publicación; institución de enseñanza; área del conocimiento; formación profesional y académica de los autores; palabras-clave empleadas; y organización en un mapa conceptual. MÉTODO Estudio bibliométrico con abordaje cuantitativo cuya muestra estuvo compuesta de 57 tesis, siendo cinco de doctorado y 52 de máster, publicadas en el período de 2002 a 2012. RESULTADOS Se verificó que 2012 fue el año con mayor cantidad de publicaciones. La región que se destacó fue la Sureste. La institución con mayor cantidad de publicaciones fue la Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina. Hubo predominancia de las tesis de máster, y la mayoría de las publicaciones fue producida por investigadores dirigidos a la perspectiva multiprofesional. CONCLUSIÓN Se propone ampliar la visión acerca del asedio moral, de manera a diseminar la producción científica, promocionar el avance del debate y el relevamiento de los temas pertinentes.OBJECTIVE To analyze scientific production about workplace bullying and harassment in dissertations and theses in Brazil, with emphasis on the year of publication; educational institution; area of knowledge; professional and academic background of the authors; keywords used; and concept map organization. METHOD Bibliometric study with a quantitative approach with a sample consisting of 57 papers, 5 theses and 52 dissertations, published between 2002 and 2012. RESULTS It was found that 2012 was the year with the highest number of publications in this topic area. The region that stood out was the Southeast. The institution with the highest number of publications was the Federal University of Santa Catarina. There was a predominance of dissertations and most publications were produced by researchers focused on a multidisciplinary perspective. CONCLUSION Expanding the views regarding bullying in order to disseminate scientific production was proposed, promoting further advancement of debates and raising pertinent questions.Objetivo Analisar a produção científica acerca de assédio moral em dissertações e teses no Brasil, com ênfase no ano de publicação; instituição de ensino; área do conhecimento; formação profissional e acadêmica dos autores; palavras-chave empregadas; e organização em um mapa conceitual. Método Estudo bibliométrico com abordagem quantitativa cuja amostra foi composta por 57 trabalhos, sendo cinco teses e 52 dissertações, publicadas no período de 2002 a 2012. Resultados Verificou-se que em 2012 foi o ano com maior quantidade de publicações. A região que se sobressaiu foi o Sudeste. A instituição com maior quantidade de publicações foi a Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Houve predominância das dissertações de mestrado e a maioria das publicações foi produzida por pesquisadores voltados à perspectiva multiprofissional. Conclusão Propõe-se ampliar a visão acerca do assédio moral, de forma a disseminar a produção científica, promover o avanço do debate e o levantamento das questões pertinentes

Moral harassment: a study with nurses of the family health strategy

Objective: Investigating the occurrence of the practice of moral harassment in the workplace of nurses of the Family Health Strategy; ascertaining who are the harassers; identifying the characteristics of aggressors; verifying the consequences of the moral harassment practice for the health of the professional. Method: this is an exploratory research, with quantitative approach, developed at Family Health Units, of the city of João Pessoa, with 30 nurses, with the application of a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by frequency and percentage. Results: from the 30 nurses of the research, ten (33,3%) suffered moral harassment, and in 46,1% of the cases, the aggressors were supporters. Regarding health problems as a consequence of the harassment, stands out the stress (92,3%). Conclusion: The study evidenced that a significantly number of nurses were victims of moral harassment in their workplaces, in a repetitive and systematically way, which causes health problems for the worker

Moral harassment: a study with nurses of the family health strategy

Objetivos: Investigar a ocorrência da prática do assédio moral no  ambiente de trabalho de enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família; averiguar quem são os assediadores; identificar as características dos agressores; verificar as consequências da prática do assédio moral para a saúde do profissional. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvida em Unidades de Saúde da Família, do município de João Pessoa, com 30 enfermeiros, com a aplicação de um questionário. Os dados foram analisados por meio de frequência e percentual. Resultados: Dos trinta enfermeiros da pesquisa, dez (33,3%) sofreram assédio moral, e em 46,1% dos casos, os agressores eram apoiadores. No que tange a problemas de saúde em consequência do assédio, destaca-se o estresse (92,3%). Conclusões: O estudo evidenciou que um número significativo de enfermeiros foram vítimas de assédio moral em seu ambiente de trabalho, de forma repetitiva e sistemática, o que acarreta problemas de saúde para o trabalhador.

SERVIÇO HOSPITALAR DE LIMPEZA E ABSENTEÍSMO: DOENÇA NO TRABALHO

RESUMO O estudo objetivou analisar a relação entre o absenteísmo-doença, o perfil sociodemográfico e laboral, os hábitos e a saúde dos trabalhadores do serviço hospitalar de limpeza. Estudo transversal envolvendo 157 trabalhadores do Serviço de Limpeza Hospitalar de um hospital universitário público do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Predominou trabalhadores do sexo feminino, com ensino médio completo, casados/com companheiro, até três filhos. As faltas ao trabalho prevaleceram até nove dias. Os trabalhadores que mais faltaram foram os que tinham até três filhos (53,5%), com renda per capita familiar < 01 salário mínimo (52,4%), que não possuíam outro emprego (43,9%) e estavam acima do peso normal (71,4%). Evidenciou-se associação estatística entre absenteísmo-doença e ter filhos, sofrer acidente de trabalho, não ter tempo para lazer, necessidade de atendimento médico no último ano, suspeição para o alcoolismo, baixa capacidade para o trabalho e dor musculoesquelética

Conhecimentos sobre prevenção da SIDA entre profissionais e acadêmicos da área de saúde

Este estudo exploratório foi realizado pelas alunas e alunos da Disciplina de Enfermagem nas Doenças Transmissíveis. Foram analisadas as respostas de 52 questionários distribuídos entre acadêmicos de enfermagem, de medicina, médicos, dentistas, enfermeiros e auxiliares de enfermagem que assistem pacientes com SIDA e enfermeiros que não assistem pacientes com SIDA. Estes questionários versaram sobre medidas de prevenção da transmissão sexual, normal de biossegurança, testes diagnósticos, direitos do paciente e do trabalhador e alterações no atendimento aos portadores desta patologia.This work is a exploratory research based on the analysis of the answers to the questionaires of 52 students and health care professionals knowledge about AIDS sexual prevention, biossecurity, diagnosis tests, patients and workers rights and the modifications of nursing and medica/ care to this kind of diseaseTrata se de un estudio exploratório acerca del conocimiento de la prevención de la SIDA, normas de seguridad biológica, pruebas diagnósticas, derechos de /os enfermos y trabajadores con SIDA y de esa mfermedad. Fueron analizados las respuestas de 52 cuestionários de estudientes de enfermería, nédicos, odontólogos, enfermeras y ajudantes de enfermería

Imitation of β-lactam binding enables broad-spectrum metallo-β-lactamase inhibitors

Carbapenems are vital antibiotics, but their efficacy is increasingly compromised by metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs). Here we report the discovery and optimization of potent broad-spectrum MBL inhibitors. A high-throughput screen for NDM-1 inhibitors identified indole-2-carboxylates (InCs) as potential beta-lactamase stable beta-lactam mimics. Subsequent structure-activity relationship studies revealed InCs as a new class of potent MBL inhibitor, active against all MBL classes of major clinical relevance. Crystallographic studies revealed a binding mode of the InCs to MBLs that, in some regards, mimics that predicted for intact carbapenems, including with respect to maintenance of the Zn(II)-bound hydroxyl, and in other regards mimics binding observed in MBL-carbapenem product complexes. InCs restore carbapenem activity against multiple drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and have a low frequency of resistance. InCs also have a good in vivo safety profile, and when combined with meropenem show a strong in vivo efficacy in peritonitis and thigh mouse infection models.Peer reviewe

Longer-term effectiveness of a heterologous coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine booster in healthcare workers in Brazil

Abstract Objective: To compare the long-term vaccine effectiveness between those receiving viral vector [Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1)] or inactivated viral (CoronaVac) primary series (2 doses) and those who received an mRNA booster (Pfizer/BioNTech) (the third dose) among healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study among HCWs (aged ≥18 years) in Brazil from January 2021 to July 2022. To assess the variation in the effectiveness of booster dose over time, we estimated the effectiveness rate by taking the log risk ratio as a function of time. Results: Of 14,532 HCWs, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was confirmed in 56.3% of HCWs receiving 2 doses of CoronaVac vaccine versus 23.2% of HCWs receiving 2 doses of CoronaVac vaccine with mRNA booster (P < .001), and 37.1% of HCWs receiving 2 doses of ChAdOx1 vaccine versus 22.7% among HCWs receiving 2 doses of ChAdOx1 vaccine with mRNA booster (P < .001). The highest vaccine effectiveness with mRNA booster was observed 30 days after vaccination: 91% for the CoronaVac vaccine group and 97% for the ChAdOx1 vaccine group. Vacine effectiveness declined to 55% and 67%, respectively, at 180 days. Of 430 samples screened for mutations, 49.5% were SARS-CoV-2 delta variants and 34.2% were SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants. Conclusions: Heterologous COVID-19 vaccines were effective for up to 180 days in preventing COVID-19 in the SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron variant eras, which suggests the need for a second booster

Rhinitis associated with asthma is distinct from rhinitis alone: TARIA‐MeDALL hypothesis

Asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis (AD) are interrelated clinical phenotypes that partly overlap in the human interactome. The concept of “one-airway-one-disease,” coined over 20 years ago, is a simplistic approach of the links between upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases. With new data, it is time to reassess the concept. This article reviews (i) the clinical observations that led to Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA), (ii) new insights into polysensitization and multimorbidity, (iii) advances in mHealth for novel phenotype definitions, (iv) confirmation in canonical epidemiologic studies, (v) genomic findings, (vi) treatment approaches, and (vii) novel concepts on the onset of rhinitis and multimorbidity. One recent concept, bringing together upper- and lower-airway allergic diseases with skin, gut, and neuropsychiatric multimorbidities, is the “Epithelial Barrier Hypothesis.” This review determined that the “one-airway-one-disease” concept does not always hold true and that several phenotypes of disease can be defined. These phenotypes include an extreme “allergic” (asthma) phenotype combining asthma, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cabbage and fermented vegetables : From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19

Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID-19. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT(1)R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof-of-concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2-associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID-19 severity.Peer reviewe