Microsatellite Markers Confirm Self‐Pollination and Autogamy in Wild Populations of Vanilla mexicana Mill. (syn. V. inodora) (Orchidaceae) in the Island of Guadeloupe

The study aimed at evaluating the mating system of Vanilla mexicana (Orchidaceae) in natural populations in the island of Guadeloupe. A total of 132 V. mexicana samples were collected from 12 sites in Guadeloupe (Basse‐Terre). Five other samples coming from Martinique and Mexico completed our analyses. Reproductive biology experiments excluding pollinators with bagged flowers revealed 53.9% fruit set, a value identical to the natural fruit set measured in the populations. These results suggested that V. mexicana, unlike most Vanilla species, was reproducing by self‐pollination and autogamy. Due to lack of specific DNA markers for V. mexicana, microsatellite markers, previously developed in other Vanilla species, were used for the genetic analyses. Only 6 out of the 33 markers tested were transferable and polymorphic in V. mexicana. A panel of 51 V. mexicana samples genotyped with 3 polymorphic loci was finally retained for Guadeloupe population genetic analyses. A heterozygote deficiency was detected, and the selfing rate was estimated to 74%. These results confirmed the reproductive biology results as self‐pollination and autogamy were the most likely explanation for this deficit. Results were compared to those from allogamous wild Vanilla species and discussed in the light of suggested existence of a pollinator for V. mexicana in other areas (Mexico)

Connecting defects and amorphization in UiO-66 and MIL-140 metal-organic frameworks: a combined experimental and computational study.

The mechanism and products of the structural collapse of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) , and upon ball-milling are investigated through solid state (13)C NMR and pair distribution function (PDF) studies, finding amorphization to proceed by the breaking of a fraction of metal-ligand bonding in each case. The amorphous products contain inorganic-organic bonding motifs reminiscent of the crystalline phases. Whilst the inorganic Zr6O4(OH)4 clusters of remain intact upon structural collapse, the ZrO backbone of the frameworks undergoes substantial distortion. Density functional theory calculations have been performed to investigate defective models of and show, through comparison of calculated and experimental (13)C NMR spectra, that amorphization and defects in the materials are linked.The manuscript was written through contributions of all authors. TDB conceived the initial project. T.D.B. acknowledges Trinity Hall (University of Cambridge) and Professor Anthony K. Cheetham for use of lab facilities. D.G.R. acknowledges the UK MRC for financial support. The authors acknowledge Diamond Light Source for the provision of synchrotron access to Beamline I15 (ex p. EE9691) and Philip A. Chater and Andrew Cairns for assistance with data collection. T.K.T. and C.M.D. thank the French National Research Agency (ANR project: HOPFAME ANR-13-BS07-0002-01) and the Foundation de l'Orangerie for funding. The calculations have been performed using the HPC resources from GENCI (CINES/TGCC/IDRIS) through Grant (2015-097343 and -091461). B.B., B.V.d.V. and D.D.V . gratefully acknowledge the FWO for funding (aspirant grant).This is the final version of the article. It was first available from the Royal Society of Chemistry via http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C5CP06798

Propuesta de mejora en la educación a distancia para la Escuela Superior de Guerra del Ejército del Perú

La educación a distancia como nueva modalidad para comunicarnos, nos posibilita una valiosa e innovadora forma de aprender y de enseñar, tanto contenidos como desarrollo de capacidades personales y profesionales, con vistas a un futuro de capacitación permanente. El caso que se analiza en este trabajo se relaciona con la educación a distancia (EAD), las ventajas de su implementación en instituciones de formación superior, sus ventajas operativas, económicas y sociales, dentro del ámbito del Ejército del Perú, específicamente en la Escuela Superior de Guerra del Ejército. Se ha tomado como antecedente los objetivos y aspectos deficitarios mencionados en el Plan Estratégico Institucional 2017-2019 “Excelencia 2019”, elaborado por la Escuela Superior de Guerra del Ejército - Escuela de Posgrado (ESGE-EPG)

The Regge Limit for Green Functions in Conformal Field Theory

We define a Regge limit for off-shell Green functions in quantum field theory, and study it in the particular case of conformal field theories (CFT). Our limit differs from that defined in arXiv:0801.3002, the latter being only a particular corner of the Regge regime. By studying the limit for free CFTs, we are able to reproduce the Low-Nussinov, BFKL approach to the pomeron at weak coupling. The dominance of Feynman graphs where only two high momentum lines are exchanged in the t-channel, follows simply from the free field analysis. We can then define the BFKL kernel in terms of the two point function of a simple light-like bilocal operator. We also include a brief discussion of the gravity dual predictions for the Regge limit at strong coupling.Comment: 23 pages 2 figures, v2: Clarification of relation of the Regge limit defined here and previous work in CFT. Clarification of causal orderings in the limit. References adde

Transcription- and phosphorylation-dependent control of a functional interplay between XBP1s and PINK1 governs mitophagy and potentially impacts Parkinson disease pathophysiology

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.Parkinson disease (PD)-affected brains show consistent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitophagic dysfunctions. The mechanisms underlying these perturbations and how they are directly linked remain a matter of questions. XBP1 is a transcription factor activated upon ER stress after unconventional splicing by the nuclease ERN1/IREα thereby yielding XBP1s, whereas PINK1 is a kinase considered as the sensor of mitochondrial physiology and a master gatekeeper of mitophagy process. We showed that XBP1s transactivates PINK1 in human cells, primary cultured neurons and mice brain, and triggered a pro-mitophagic phenotype that was fully dependent of endogenous PINK1. We also unraveled a PINK1-dependent phosphorylation of XBP1s that conditioned its nuclear localization and thereby, governed its transcriptional activity. PINK1-induced XBP1s phosphorylation occurred at residues reminiscent of, and correlated to, those phosphorylated in substantia nigra of sporadic PD-affected brains. Overall, our study delineated a functional loop between XBP1s and PINK1 governing mitophagy that was disrupted in PD condition.Abbreviations: 6OHDA: 6-hydroxydopamine; baf: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1; CALCOCO2/NDP52: calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2; CASP3: caspase 3; CCCP: carbonyl cyanide chlorophenylhydrazone; COX8A: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A; DDIT3/CHOP: DNA damage inducible transcript 3; EGFP: enhanced green fluorescent protein; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ERN1/IRE1α: endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1; FACS: fluorescence-activated cell sorting; HSPD1/HSP60: heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MFN2: mitofusin 2; OPTN: optineurin; PD: Parkinson disease; PINK1: PTEN-induced kinase 1; PCR: polymerase chain reaction:; PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; XBP1s [p-S61A]: XBP1s phosphorylated at serine 61; XBP1s [p-T48A]: XBP1s phosphorylated at threonine 48; shRNA: short hairpin RNA, SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TIMM23: translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 23; TM: tunicamycin; TMRM: tetramethyl rhodamine methylester; TOMM20: translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20; Toy: toyocamycin; TP: thapsigargin; UB: ubiquitin; UB (S65): ubiquitin phosphorylated at serine 65; UPR: unfolded protein response, XBP1: X-box binding protein 1; XBP1s: spliced X-box binding protein 1.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A PERCEPÇÃO DO COTIDIANO DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR 30 ANOS APÓS DESLOCAMENTO COMPULSÓRIO PELA BARRAGEM DE ITAPARICA

Considerando que a percepção e interesses de comunidades compulsoriamente deslocadas orientam a adaptação aos programas de compensação aplicados, procuramos descrever a percepção atual da população impactada em Petrolândia/PE, pela barragem hidroelétrica de Itaparica, a fim de problematizar os fatos vivenciados pela agricultura familiar, sua repactuação da reprodução e troca de saberes. As percepções foram captadas em momentos participativos com a comunidade, por meio da identificação dos atingidos sobre os impactos e os reflexos decorrentes do deslocamento, programa de compensação e reorganização socioeconômica. Três décadas depois, os atingidos julgam que houve melhoria na qualidade de vida, mesmo com mudanças no modelo produtivo da família, onde as ações compensatórias permitiram a permanência do cotidiano familiar no território. O reconhecimento por atingidos dar-se pela migração do território original, que é amenizada com a construção e adaptação de saberes empíricos no novo território. A adequação ao novo cotidiano parte da valorização e utilização dos saberes-fazeres tradicionais, a partir da manutenção da relação família-terra-trabalho. A piscicultura praticada como compensação contextualizada acomoda o cotidiano, fomentando vínculos de produção, aproveitamento e consumo de pescados, mitigando as persistentes cicatrizes do deslocamento

The impact of attention to news about tax changes on the stock market

We approach to point out new direction of measurement the attention of the news related to changes in taxes by using the application Google Trends. The objective of the study is to extend literature that investigates the impact of the information's search intensity provided by Google Trends on capital market. We show that increasing attention on tax changes measured by Google search decrease stock prices of the US companies listed on NASDAQ. Moreover, we focus on abnormal Google searches related to particular shocks. The study investigates the positive relationship between attention to news about tax changes and stock prices in a specific year. The cross-sectional analysis employs data from 2004 and 2005. At that time, President George Bush enacted tax breaks for overseas corporate profits, which had a great impact on search intensity within the period. Additionally, we differentiate between market capitalisation by using the dummy variables to put on the role changes of probability on selected datasets. The results confirmed higher impact of attention on large cap companies and point out the importance of sentiment analysis at liquid markets.O

Holographic QCD: Past, Present, and Future

At the dawn of a new theoretical tool based on the AdS/CFT correspondence for nonperturbative aspects of quantum chromodynamics, we give an interim review on the new tool, holographic QCD, with some of its accomplishment. We try to give an A-to-Z picture of the holographic QCD, from string theory to a few selected top-down holographic QCD models with one or two physical applications in each model. We may not attempt to collect diverse results from various holographic QCD model studies.Comment: 80 pages, 18 figures, LaTeX; references added, published version + appendi

Lying Behavior, Family Functioning and Adjustment in Early Adolescence

Item does not contain fulltextCommunication between children and parents has been the subject of several studies, examining the effects of, for example, disclosure and secrecy on adolescents' social relationships and adjustment. Less attention has paid to adolescent deception. We developed and tested a new instrument on lying behavior in a sample of 671 parent-adolescent couples. Analyses on the psychometric properties showed that this instrument had one principal component, and high internal consistency, item-total correlations and inter-item correlations. Lying was moderately associated with other indicators of parent-child communication, the quality of the parent-child relationship, and with parenting practices. In addition, frequent lying was moderately related to behavioral problems and emotional problems.10 p